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Perspectives on the French and Indian War | DPLA

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French and Indian War | 3 Minute History

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War began in 1754, when British colonial troops under George Washington tried to drive the French from what is now western Pennsylvania. They failed. British soldiers arrived in 1755. They lost a battle for Fort Duquesne, near what is now Pittsburgh.

The next few years of the war continued to be difficult for the British. The French had a better army, and the Native Americans knew how to fight in the woodlands.

By the end of 1757, however, the British had begun to gain ground. They had collected more money and better supplies than France. They also had become experts in wilderness fighting. By 1760 the British had captured all of New France. The war ended when Britain and France signed the Treaty of Paris on February 10, 1763.

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War began in 1754, when British colonial troops under George Washington tried to drive the French from what is now western Pennsylvania. They failed. British soldiers arrived in 1755. They lost a battle for Fort Duquesne, near what is now Pittsburgh. The next few years of the war continued to be difficult for the British.

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The French and Indian War was fought between 1754 and 1763 in British North America and French North America. They fought over land which is now in the United States and Canada. The French had some Native American allies and the British had other allies.

The conflict took place during Seven Years' War. France was already fighting Prussia. Because of this, they did not send many troops to Canada.

The French built a new fort in the territory they both wanted, and the British decided to try to get them to leave. After failing in a small battle in 1754 they tried again with the Battle of Monongahela in 1755. The British commander, General Edward Braddock, led 1,500 British soldiers in an attack on Fort Duquesne. He failed and died with many of his men. A militia officer, George Washington, led the defeated survivors home.

In 1756, the French captured the British Fort Oswego. They took more than 1,700 British soldiers captive.

The French were victorious again at Fort William Henry in 1757. After they captured the fort, the Indians did not follow the rules of British surrender. They killed about 150 British soldiers after they had surrendered.

In 1759, at the Battle of the Plains of Abraham (also called the Battle of Quebec), the British defeated the French and took control of Quebec City.

In 1760, Field Marshal Jeffery Amherst led the British in the defeat of the French. The British took control of Montreal.

The fighting in North America stopped on September 8, 1760, with the French surrender of Montreal and the rest of Canada to the British.

The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on February 10, 1763. France had to give its North American lands east of the Mississippi River to Britain except the small islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, near Newfoundland. Britain offered France the choice to give up its Canadian land or the Caribbean islands of Guadeloupe and Martinique, which British troops had taken during the war. France chose to keep the islands, which were valuable for their sugar plantations.

With the Royal Proclamation of 1763, colonists in British North America became unhappy over their share of the winnings. The war had been expensive and England began taxing the American colonists to pay for it. These were two of the causes of the American Revolution.

Interesting facts about the French and Indian War

Some Indian tribes helped the French fight because the French had been better at befriending them than the British had.

To encourage the colonies to unite in the battle against the French and Indians, Benjamin Franklin printed a drawing showing the colonies as parts of a chopped-up, writhing snake. It was the first political cartoon printed in America.

Roland-Michel Barrin de la Galissonière, the governor of New France, had signs made of lead that told settlers and travelers that they were traveling on French land.

While most Indian tribes sided with the French, there were a few that sided with the English.

Many present-day Cajuns are descendants of these French and Indian War refugees that settled in Louisiana.

The war inspired the song "Yankee Doodle."

Spain, which allied with France in 1762, was forced to give Florida to the British.

George Washington was a colonel in the British militia during the war.

Images for kids

In Spanish: Guerra franco-indígena para niños

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Learn French and Indian War facts for kids

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Kids learn about the history of the French and Indian War of the American Colonies between 1754 and 1763 including major battles, events, ending, and results.

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Not ready to purchase a subscription? Click to download the free sample version Download sample

The French and Indian War, also known as the Seven Years' War, was a significant precursor to the American Revolutionary War. It resulted in France losing almost all of its American and Canadian territories to the British Empire.
See the fact file below for more information on the French and Indian War or alternatively, you can download our 19-page French and Indian War worksheet pack to utilise within the classroom or home environment.
Key Facts & Information

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

The French and Indian War happened between 1754 and 1763 in North America.

France and Britain were already fighting in Europe in the early 1750s, but now the battle had spread to North America where the British and French colonies were living.

The war was between the British and French colonies living in America, but because there were so many more British Americans, the French people relied on the local Native American Indian people to help them as allies.

This is why it's called the French and Indian War.

The area where the French colonies lived is now Canada but was known as New France in the 18th century.

The French and Indian War started because France wanted control over the Ohio River area, but Britain wouldn't let them have it. This dispute soon turned into a battle and the British declared war against France.

The land surrounding the Ohio River was very valuable in terms of resources and the route of fur-trading with the Native Americans.

"Both Great Britain and France coveted the region for different reasons. The French recognized the strategic importance of the valley as a link in their far-flung empire, which stretched from New France, in Canada, to Louisiana, along the Mississippi River. On the other hand, English colonists from Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania hoped to settle the Ohio Valley area."
- According to the book Bushy Run Battlefield: Pennsylvania Trail of History Guide

THE WAR BEGAN

Most of the fighting happened in the area that is now Upstate New York.

In Britain and Europe, the war was called the Seven Years' War, but in America, it was called the French and Indian War.

In 1757, the new British leader, William Pitt, saw the war as a great way to build a bigger empire and he put a lot of money into ensuring Britain succeeded.

By 1758, Britain had made peace with many of the Native American Indian people. The Indian people then started to abandon their French allies, causing France's war effort to become weaker and weaker.

Spain joined the war in place of the Native American Indians and helped France to fight against Britain, but it was too late and, in 1759, France lost control of Quebec.

By 1760, Britain had also gained control over Montreal and had forced France out of Canada completely. Pitt saw this as a great success and began attacking other French and Spanish colonies in other parts of the world.

The war was a massive conflict between Austria, England, France, Britain, Prussia, and Sweden. In Europe, King Frederick the Great of Prussia was battling Sweden, Austria, and France, while in North America, England and France were going head-to-head for colonial domination.

More people died in the French and Indian War than died in the entire American Revolution.

THE END OF WAR

The war ended in 1763 with the signing of the Treaty of Paris. The Treaty meant that France had to give all of its American and Canadian territories back to Britain and Spain, and Spain also had to give up Florida.

The result of the French and Indian war was that Britain now owned much more land than it had before and the French influence over North America was totally removed. However, the relationship between Britain and the Native American Indians was badly damaged and it was this that eventually led America towards its Revolutionary War.

As a result, the war triggered hostilities between Britain and the American colonists. The British Parliament began to pass acts which levied taxes on different goods both imported and locally made in the colony.

ADDITIONAL DETAILS

Among the major events during the French and Indian War were as follows:

The Battle at Fort Duquesne (1755) where 1500 men under the command of British General Braddock were ambushed by the French and the Indians.

In the Battle of Fort Oswego (1756), the French took 1700 prisoners.

In 1757, the French captured Fort William Henry and killed 150 British soldiers despite their surrender.

British captured Quebec City from the French in 1759.

In 1760, the city of Montreal fell to the British.

Colonel George Washington led the first battle of the war, the Battle of Jumonville Glen.

At the end of the war in 1762, Britain captured Havan, Cuba from Spain which was later exchanged for Florida.

French and Indian War Worksheets

This is a fantastic bundle which includes everything you need to know about the French and Indian War across 19 in-depth pages. These are ready-to-use French and Indian War worksheets that are perfect for teaching students about the French and Indian War, also known as the Seven Years' War, which was a significant precursor to the American Revolutionary War. It resulted in France losing almost all of its American and Canadian territories to the British Empire.

Complete List Of Included Worksheets

French and Indian War Facts

Primary Source

French and Indian Allies

The Last of the Mohicans

Foundation of a Revolution

War in Boxes

Powder Horns

George Washington Profile

War Timeline

French and Indian War Mapping

War Arguments

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Link will appear as French and Indian War Facts & Worksheets: https://kidskonnect.com - KidsKonnect, May 1, 2019
Use With Any Curriculum
These worksheets have been specifically designed for use with any international curriculum. You can use these worksheets as-is, or edit them using Google Slides to make them more specific to your own student ability levels and curriculum standards.

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French & Indian War Facts & Worksheets For Kids - Seven Years War

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Not ready to purchase a subscription? Click to download the free sample version Download sample The French and Indian War, also known as the Seven Years' War, was a significant precursor to the American Revolutionary War. It resulted in France losing almost all of its American and Canadian territories to the British Empire.