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The world's smartest dog video notes 11/15

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The world's smartest dog video notes 11/15

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-He has been able to teach Chaser the names of over 1000 toys, which the dog is able to identify by sight
-He has also been able to make the distinction between verbs and nouns when giving commands to Chaser
-Chaser may be one of the most advanced animals when it comes to cognition of English
-Chaser had played an important part in establishing new research for dogs
-Dogs have been found to have similar brain structures activated as humans during similar situations

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great idea taking a picture of the board and putting it up!

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great idea taking a picture of the board and putting it up!

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I can understand the 5 schedules of reinforcement 11/10

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I can understand the 5 schedules of reinforcement 11/10

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-Continuous is everytime an good behavior is completed there is a reward
-Fixed ratio is when you reward something once every couple of times
-Time is when there is a reward at a certain time interval
-Variable ratio is when there is a random time or ratio for rewarding the subject
-Interval=time, ratio=# of responses

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-Seligman's purpose was to support the theory that perceptions of power and control are learned from experiences, the experiment was an example of classical conditioning as the shock was associated with helplessness
-The dogs associate the shock that the received as inescapable and were able to demonstrate learned helplessness
-The dogs would be shocked often with some dogs being able to escape and some not being able to escape
-Eventually all of the dogs were able to escape, but the dogs who hadn't been able to escape before, didn't even try to escape
-This is clearly an unethical study as even though the were able to gain lots of experience and knowledge from it, the dogs were harmed not only physically, but mentally as well
-Seligman went on to use this experiment in order to help find causes of depression
-Bandura's purpose was to see if children could learn to be aggressive and if boys would be more aggressive than girls
- An adult acted as an aggressive model to help instill aggressive behaviors against the toys and dolls
-Experiment observed how aggressive the children were after being exposed to aggression
-Many of the children were aggressive, boys were more aggressive in general, each gender was more influenced to be aggressive when they were shown a model of their same gender
-There was no debriefing for the children as they were allowed to leave the experiment with their aggressive behaviors
-Helps reinforce gender stereotypes, can help point to causes of domestic violence, seeing violence as a child leading to them being violent as an adult

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I can understand Pavlov research study 11/4

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I can understand Pavlov research study 11/4

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-Pavlov started off as physicist, but then transitioned to becoming a psychologist
-Pavlov wanted to study people's reflexes in this case he was examining the dogs' reaction of salivating at the sight of the food and footsteps
-He collected how much the dogs were salivating and eventually began to notice that they began salivating when they heard the footsteps coming
-Dogs became conditioned to salivate when they heard the footsteps coming as they associated the footsteps with the food that was coming
-CS=the footsteps, US=the food, CR=Salivating at the noise of the footsteps, UR=salivating while looking at the food
-Helped influence the establishment of classical conditioning and lead more research in the psychology field along the lines of conditioning
1. The schedule of reinforcement is that Sheldon gives her a chocolate any time she does something that he likes, using positive reinforcement
2. He didn't ever tell her what he was reinforcing her for. He also only rewarded her for doing things that he likes
3. He was able to get her to correct her behavior and eventually do it on her own

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I can understand Watson and Garcia research studies 11/3

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I can understand Watson and Garcia research studies 11/3

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-Garcia has conditioned taste aversion
-The purpose of condition Aversion was to find out if a subject will continue to repeat an action if it will effect them negatively
-Garcia was the head of the study and they used ideas relating to Pavlov and Locke
-Garcia made two groups, one control and one experimental. The experimental group was given a solution to make them sick
-When Garcia later tried to give the rats the solution again, the rats refused as they new it would make them sick
-This was an unethical study as they harmed the rats through making them sick
-They learned that the rats would learn responses to the substance, which is why they refused to eat it after because they had associated it with illness
Acquisition- the pairing and conditioning of two things with each other
Extinction- loss of a fear or conditioning over a long period of time
Spontaneous recovery- resurfacing of a fear or conditioning after a long period of time
Starts out as UCS=UCR then goes to CS+UCS=UCR then goes to CS=CR
I had Watson as my presentation so I'm very familiar with it
For watson UCS= white animals, UCR=no fear, CS=loud noise when he touches animals, CR=fear

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I can understand Thorndike's and Skinner's research studies 11/2

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I can understand Thorndike's and Skinner's research studies 11/2

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-They ran a study called the puzzle box
-Purpose of the study was to see how long it took an animal to learn a certain action, operant conditioning
-Thorndike invented a box and placed a cat in it, there was a lever that he created that the cat had to push in order to get out of the box, would see how long it took the cat to get out
-The cat gradually learned that it had to push the button and was rewarded when it did get out of the box
-Response of pushing that button was strengthened by the reward after the cat escaped, was gradual shift to get cat faster at pushing the button, was able to form the law of effect
-Throndike's experiment was ethical with no animals being harmed
-Purpose of Skinner's operant chamber was to study animal behavior and reinforce good behavior, testing how long it would take for animals to learn that there was a reward for their behavior
-Every time the animal pressed a lever they would be rewarded with food, they repeated this process many times
-Found examples of operant conditioning, The lever was reinforced as a means to food for the animals, they utilized ratios in order to reinforce that the animals would have to perform the good behavior multiple times in order to get the reward
-Skinner was able to establish concept of operant conditioning, as well as behaviorism, is key in helping break habits and reward people in the real world

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I crack my knuckles incessantly without me even realizing it. I would have to try to change it by keeping a focus on not doing it and possibly implementing a punishment when I do it.
Trial and Error is one of the four methods of learning
Operant Conditioning- Behaviors have consequences
Classical Conditioning- Learning by association
Observational Learning- Seeing an action and repeating it
Positive Punishment- adding something to punish
Negative Punishment- removing something to punish
Positive Reinforcement- strengthen behavior by adding something you do like
Negative Reinforcement- Removing something you don't like to strengthen behavior (doing homework means that you don't have to do the dishes)