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attempt to redirect the argument to another issue
In government, arguing for raising taxes - “We need more revenue to support the programs that we have. Children are our future. Let’s support children.”
The distraction technique.

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the misrepresentation of someones argument in order to attack in
After Will said that we should put more money into health and education, Warren responded by saying that he was surprised that Will hates our country so much that he wants to leave it defenseless by cutting military spending.
Misrepresentation can be a very powerful tool.

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in which someone tries to win support for an argument or idea by exploiting his or her opponent's feelings of pity or guilt.
I really deserve an “A” on this paper, professor.  Not only did I study during my grandmother’s funeral, I also passed up the heart transplant surgery, even though that was the first matching donor in 3 years.
Pity is one of those emotions that really compels people so it makes sense.

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(of an argument or reaction) directed against a person rather than the position they are maintaining.
A politician degrading another politician during a political campaign when asked about a specific policy, e.g. “Well, I think we need to look at the other candidate’s failures regarding this topic.”
Attacking the person is seen as the most important for this term.

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appeal to the popularity of a claim as a reason for accepting it
“Gods must exist, since every culture has some sort of belief in a higher being.” Appeals to the masses so it makes sense.

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argued that something is important because it was said by someone of significance
My 5th grade teacher once told me that girls will go crazy for boys if they learn how to dance.  Therefore, if you want to make the ladies go crazy for you, learn to dance.
Authority is respected in stories so it makes sense.

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fallacy that appeals to a majority
a song “Beasts of England” seems to be very appealing and catchy, because everyone picks it up so swiftly as if they like the idea. Going along with an idea that you have no info about perfectly matches.

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idea or course of action that will lead to something unacceptable later
We cannot unlock our child from the closet because if we do, she will want to roam the house.  If we let her roam the house, she will want to roam the neighborhood.  If she roams the neighborhood, she will get picked up by a stranger in a van, who will sell her in a sex slavery ring in some other country.  Therefore, we should keep her locked up in the closet.

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Fallacy used to describe a later event was caused by an earlier one
(1) Most people who are read the last rites die shortly afterwards.
Therefore:
(2) Priests are going around killing people with magic words!
This shows that the earlier reason is exactly why it is a fallacy.

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Inductive generalization based on insufficient evidence
My father smoked four packs of cigarettes a day since age fourteen and lived until age sixty-nine.  Therefore, smoking really can’t be that bad for you.
Very un-informatized so it makes an accurate definition.

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Appeal to logic, creative order. "The data is perfectly clear: this investment has consistently turned a profit year-over-year, even in spite of market declines in other areas."
Appealing to Logic is essential

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Appeal to emotion, convince an audience by triggering an emotional response. "If we don’t move soon, we’re all going to die! Can’t you see how dangerous it would be to stay?"
Establishing that link to emotions is key.

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Appeal to ethics, convincing the credibility of someone
"As a doctor, I am qualified to tell you that this course of treatment will likely generate the best results." Establishing credibility is super important.