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Rainforests help to control global warming because they absorb carbon dioxide. In recent years,
large areas have been destroyed, as trees are cut down for wood or burned to clear the land for
farming. The burning releases large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Many rainforests grow on poor soils, so when they are cut down or burned the soil is washed away in
tropical rains, so that the area may turn into desert. Many plant and animal species that live there can
become extinct, and indigenous tribes can lose their homes.

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Recycling is the processing of used objects and materials so that they can be used again. About 60%
of rubbish from homes and factories contain materials that could be recycled. Recycling saves energy and also reduces damage to the countryside.
Glass, paper and aluminium cans can all be recycled very easily. Many towns have special bins
where people can leave their empty bottles and cans for recycling. A lot of paper bags, writing paper
and greeting cards are now produced on recycled paper. Even more effective than recycling is
choosing products that use a minimum of plastic and paper packaging.

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Transport has a large environmental impact. People use cars more, especially in urban areas and this
is one of the largest growing sources of carbon dioxide in the world. Private transport contributes to air pollution and global warming, and taking flights is also a big problem. As more and more people fly,greenhouse gases increase. In fact, emissions from aviation in Europe increased by 87% between
1990 and 2006.
By using public transport (buses, trains, metros) or cycling in cities emissions from urban transport
could be cut by more than 50%. Using trains for longer journeys as an alternative to flying reduces the
environmental impact .

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Up until now, most of the energy we used came from coal, oil and gas (fossil fuels). But these will not
last forever and burning them is a major cause of climate change.
Many countries are now choosing to use renewable sources for their energy needs. Solar energy from
the sun, wind power from turbines, hydroelectric energy from rivers and sea water, and geothermal
power, taking heat from the centre of the Earth are the main sources of renewable energy. Countries
like Iceland and Costa Rica are leading the way, with Iceland getting 100% of its energy from these renewable sources.