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1.  Relationship building is often looked at as a secondary item behind curriculum in classrooms.  Relationships are important for student learning to really be the best it can be.
2.  You must build trust with your students in order to really have a strong relationship with them.  At the core of positive relationships is trust.
3.  Teachers need to earn student trust to help students produce oxytocin that helps them relax and engage their mirror neurons to further develop positive behaviors.
4.  In order to help dependent learners become independent learners, teachers need to build report and alliance with students by showing they genuinely care about them.
5. If a student mistrusts you or feels fear, then they could be releasing cortisol that can effect learning for up to 20 minutes and stay in the body for 3 hours. This can cause no learning and a deeper frustration that can carry on with the student.

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1. Acknowledge the "personhood" of each student by appreciating who they are individually & especially their culturally specific traits (p. 77).
2. Build trust and rapport with students by setting aside time to LISTEN with your full attention. (presence)
3. "Research says that 70% of communication is nonverbal" (p. 78).
4. Let your guard down and allow your students to see you as a human.
5. "The human brain is hardwired for stories" (p. 80). Share your stories and let them in. Share your struggles and tell them stories about when you were their age.

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1. Building student/teacher relationships is key in helping diverse learners be authentically engaged.
2. Positive relationships, shown by caring, is one of the major pillars of culturally responsive teaching. This is about building trust, not self-esteem.
3. Trust is at the core of building positive relationships. Caring is how you gain that trust. Trust frees up brain space and allows students to focus on learning and creativity.
4. Small gestures of affirmation (smiles, pats on the back, nodding your head) releases oxytocin. Oxytocin is the bonding hormone and makes you want to build a relationship with that person.
5. Building a culture of care creates a learning partnership with your students. It shows your students that you believe they can do well at school.

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1. Listening with your body and by hearing builds trust.
2. ¨The most powerful thing we can do to create a culture of caring is to allow ourselves to be seen as human beings, not just in our role as teachers" (p.80).
3. Storytelling helps connect people around the world.
4. Put selective vulnerably into action by..
-weaving in your own story while teaching, share pictures of yourself.
-Share your interests with the class
5. ¨Remember that we are trying to make “the familiar strange” in an effort to gain a deeper awareness of the quality of trust between you and your students.¨ pg 82

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1. Relationships are important
2.Positive relationships helps student reach their full potential under less stress.
3.Trust is the glue that holds relationships together.
4. Build a culture where students know you care about them.
5. Be authentic with students.

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-Teachers should assess the quality of the relationships they have with their students

-Teachers are finding that they are not having as many positive interactions as they thought, teachers should be having a 2:1 positive to negative

-Negative interactions also include "the look" we give students. (very guilty of the look!)

-Teachers can increase a positive relationship in nonverbal ways, for example, listen fully-eyes on student, not multi tasking, posture is open and inviting.

-Relationships are the cornerstone of culturally responsive teaching

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1. "Affirming is simply acknowledging the personhood of each student, appreciating all aspects of them especially those culturally specific traits that have been negated by the dominant culture."
2. "Validation is your explicit acknowledgment to students that you are aware of the inequities that impact their lives."
3. Building rapport with students takes time to develop and grow.
4. You can build rapport through active listening.
5. Use storytelling to connect with students by allowing yourself to be vulnerable (weave these opportunities into your lessons).

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1. "In culturally responsive teaching, relationships are as important as the curriculum."
2. The core of positive relationships is trust.
3. We need to care about our students and care for them.
4. The brain feels safest and relaxed when are connected to others.
5. In order to get students to open up to us, we need to show them that we care.

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Assessing Current Reality in the Classroom

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Assessing Current Reality in the Classroom

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1. "Kidwatching" is a practice known in Montessori and multicultural education. Focus on 3-5 students over the course of a week, rather than try to watch the entire classroom at once.
2. Keep track of the number of attempts you make to connect with your 3-5 students and take notes on the interactions.
3.  Use the data that is collected to review and analyze the interactions. Does the data correlate with what you thought was happening in the classroom?
4. There should be a 2:1 ratio of positive to neutral/negative interactions. Reflect on what was happening when the positive and negative interactions were taking place and what the student response was.
5. Use the data collected to reflect and make a small change that will help increase trust and further build rapport. As educators, the burden is on us to make this happen.

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Assessing the State of Rapport in the Classroom

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Assessing the State of Rapport in the Classroom

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-- Teachers should assess the quality of their relationships with diverse learners.
-- To assess relationships teachers can identify a focal student, assess the quality of their relationship, create a system to keep track of interactions, analyze the data, and track the impact of changes.
-- A negative interaction is when a teacher redirects or corrects a behavior. It doesn't have to do with tone or the reaction. A positive interaction is affirming.
-- To keep track of interactions teachers can use journals, note cards, a tally sheet, or even voice notes.
-- To build trusting relationships with students teachers can use nonverbal communication to show care, find out how to best compliment a student, and make time to have fun with students.

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1. It's important to not assume everything is okay and really understand the quality of trust between you and your students.
2. You can choose focal students, instead of looking at the entire class, to get a better sense of the quality of your interactions with students. Then, you can apply the information you learn to other students.
3. It is the responsibility of teachers to build positive relationships and trust with their students.
4. Celebrate the positive in every student!
5.  Be patient and persistent since students might be skeptical at first. Building trust is a slow process.