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Scanning is a technique used when you are looking for specific information. It is very important for you to practice this skill as academic reading is usually for a specific purpose such as answering an essay question. This skill will help you find information more quickly.

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Creating a text plan as you read can make it much easier to navigate a text. When you skim read, you are looking for the general meaning of the whole text and of individual paragraphs. To create a text plan, note the general meaning of each pargraphs the first time you read, and then decide which paragraphs can be together

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Yoy can organize your notes with a map showing relationships between the main ideas. Skim the text and write down a phrase that summarizes each main idea. Leave room between each idea. Draw a box around each one. then as you read more closely, add supporting details to your map. Write them around each main idea and draw boxes around them. Then draw lines to connect details to the main idea.

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Pronouns are used instead of repeating the same word many times. they commonly refer a backward to a name or idea, but they can do also refer forward. It is important to undersatnd which idea the pronoun refers to in order to fully understand the text. These are some of the most commonly used pronouns:
People
he, she we, you, they who, them, my, your, her, his, our, their, me, him, ger, his, our.
Objetcs and ideas
it, thism, these, those, that, there, its.

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Skim reading is usefull skill to learn when you are preparing for academic study. you are like to have a lot of texts to read, a lot of research to do, and enough time read everything on a topic. it is therefore often important to decide whether it is worth reading a text in the greater detail. you can do this by skimming a text quickly to identify the main ideas using headings, sub-headings, and topic sentences to help give you a bigger picture.

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Synonyms are words or phrases that have simililar meaning. Writers often use synonyms to avoid overusing words in a texts. Often, an important word is a explained, defined, or repeated as a synonym in the text. Sometimes, you will need to lookn up the word in a dictionary

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Global reading: IDENTIFYING THE PURPOSE OF PARTS OF A TEXT

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Global reading: IDENTIFYING THE PURPOSE OF PARTS OF A TEXT

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Usually different parts of a text perform different functions. Identifying the purpose of differet parts of a text can help yoy recognize the structure and understand its overall purpose.

°Introduce the topic This is the first paragraph in which a new idea is mentioned.

Report data Autors often group the most important figures and statistics together in one paragraph.

Explain facts These paragraps give real, true information rather than opinion, argument, or speculation. Authors often estabilish the fact of a situation before presenting opinion, argument, or speculation.

Give supporting information These paragraphs present examples and other information to support arguments or to give context to the topic.

Present an argument These paragraphs group together all the arguments on one side of an issue.

Present another side of an issue A well-balanced text present more than one side of an issue. Even if the autors is biased they will often present opponsing arguments to make the text appear neural.

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When you read a factual article, look for definitios of topic-specific vocabulary you are not familiar with. A signal can be a word or phrase, such as or, in other words, or that is, or puntuation, such as a comma, parentheses, or dashes.

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Close reading: TAKING NOTES: REASEARCHING AN ESSAY

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Close reading: TAKING NOTES: REASEARCHING AN ESSAY

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In an academic situation, you will do a lot of your reading wict a specific essay question in mind. When you are taking notes for a specific essay, it is a good idea to plan you research questions. ]]this help you to think about the question you need to answer and make your reading and note taking more focused.

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Summarizing is giving a brief statement oh the most important points of a text. As you read, highlight or underline the main points of a text. Then use the information to write a summary. Even when you are just writing a summary for your notes, you should use your own words to avfoid potentially plagiarizing the text if you decide to use it in an assignment later.

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Key parts of a text before you read makes it easier for you to understand its main ideas. Look at the pictures, read the title, introduction, and any headings in the text, and skim over the passage. then think about the topic and what you already know it. When you have a sense of what the text is abourt before you read, you should be able to understand and remember it better

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To identify the main ideas of the text, first look at the tittle, introduction, and any headings. these will give you clues about the topic and tghe main ideas. Then skim quickly over each section, paying particular attebntion to the first sentences. Make a note of the main ideas and look back at these notes you have read the text again.

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Close reading: TAKING NOTES: USING YOUR OWN WORDS.

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Close reading: TAKING NOTES: USING YOUR OWN WORDS.

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Tking notes in your own words is important. It wiil help you avoid potential plagiarims. If you take notes from a text using the same words, then repeat the in an essay, you could be plagiarizing by accidebnt. also, writing notes in you own words helps you understand what you are writing about, rather than just copying what you read.

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Close reading: IDENTIFYING CAUSE AND EFFECT

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Close reading: IDENTIFYING CAUSE AND EFFECT

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Texts about science often examine the reason (or causes)why something happens and what happens as a result (or effects). These causesand effects are usually clearly indicated by signal words such as because,because of, due to, a reason, resultn in.

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The tone of a text can help you to identify and understand the writer's opinion. This is important if you plan to use the reading in a essay because ir will give you an idea whether the writer is for or against a certain position. the author's opinion is often indicated by certainfixed phrases, and the author's choice of adjetives and adverbs.