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The movement was founded around 1819. The many founding fathers of this movement, were influenced by Moses Mendelssohnn's idea of integrating a secular education while still learning Jewish texts.

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Sermons were given in German

Fixing the flaws in society by researching the religious texts and proving that they are people too and worthy of emancipation

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"On Rabbinic Literature (1818)" Leopold Zunz

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"On Rabbinic Literature (1818)" Leopold Zunz

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“We have now arrived at the universal life of the nation in which we will have to distinguish between ephemeral and the lasting, that is , between history and archeology” (249).

Leopold Zunz wrote this. He is proclaiming how important it is to study Judaism with the same passion as people study history and science. Old fashioned Jews may have looked at this as a waste of time, but he wanted to squeeze every intellectual ounce of Judaism out.

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"A sermon on the Science of Judaism" Samson Raphael Hirsch 

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"A sermon on the Science of Judaism" Samson Raphael Hirsch 

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“By a cool reality, and without unbiased scientific insights, we understand and evaluate all this very differently” (260).

Samson Raphael Hirsch wrote this. He is saying how Judaism is not something that needs to be studied like science, but just accepted as a religion. He is reacting to the Wisenschat movement, and how he does not believe it is for him.

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Bookstamp of the Hochschule Für Die Wissenschaft Des Judentums 

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Bookstamp of the Hochschule Für Die Wissenschaft Des Judentums 

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- This bookstamp was the one given from the Library of the Higher Institute for Jewish Studies. This library was used for Jewish studies and allowed people to study the science of Judaism without being categorized in a specific movement.

http://omeka.wustl.edu/omeka/exhibits/show/brisman/item/6961

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https://www.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/judaica/images/kaufmann20.jpg

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The Importance of Studying Judaism as it Compares to Modern Life

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The Importance of Studying Judaism as it Compares to Modern Life

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“Judaism is a religion which has a direct influence on life’s activity. It is a religion of action, demanding performance the precepts which either directly aim at ennobling...man” (217).

Zecharias Frankel wrote this, giving examples of how important it is to study Judaism, because of its influence on day to day life. He is reacting to the changes in Judaism, and how we need to “maintain the integrity” of the religion. The article does not give any reactions to his response.

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https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/leopold-zunz/

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This movement would be interested in looking at the religious texts and the way it explains the revelation of god. People that don't believe in god, could benefit from this movement as it focuses on the science of history to help them express their Jewish identity.

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Zunz thinks that people should study Jewish literature using science to find out the history of the Jewish people

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Zecharias Frankel's Response "On Changes In Judaism (1845)" 

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Zecharias Frankel's Response "On Changes In Judaism (1845)" 

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“Judaism is a religion which has a direct influence on life’s activity. It is a religion of action, demanding performance the precepts which either directly aim at ennobling...man”

He gives examples of how important it is to study Judaism because of how much it can influence day to day life. He is reacting to the changes in Judaism, and how we need to "maintain the integrity" of religion.

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https://www.myjewishlearning.com/wp-content/uploads/2003/02/Westerner_and_Arab_practicing_geometry_15th_century_manuscript-1598x900.jpg

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"On Rabbinic Literature (1818)" Leopold Zunz

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"On Rabbinic Literature (1818)" Leopold Zunz

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“What hinders us from fully knowing the contents of rabbinic literature from understanding it, from properly interpreting it, from estimating its proper worth, from surveying it at ease” (247).
Leopold Zunz is stating what is happening with the Jews during this time. The Jews are forgetting about the religious texts because they are interested in European literature. Zunz believed that religious texts should be studied how science is studied rather than seeing it as sources of explanation of the Jewish religion.

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Jewish science has been a thing for many years

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Jewish science has been a thing for many years

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https://i.pinimg.com/originals/71/e2/2d/71e22dac4552704c47229dbfb50d4baf.jpg

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Translation:

Wissenschaft means science

de Judentums means Jews

together it means the Science of Judaism

Based on the critical investigation of Judaism

literature and culture

Including rabbinical literature, and using scientific methods to analyze the origins of Judaism

group of Jewish scholars applied  historical and critical methods to Judaism

they were motivated to find changes in order to have civil rights in Europe

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Zunz was a German Jew and he thought that it was important for the German community to realize what contributions the Jews could make to the society. Also he emphasized how Jews, similar with non Jews contributed science ideas to the society

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(1) "Leopold Zunz." My Jewish Learning. Accessed November 8, 2018.

https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/leopold-zunz/.

(2)Singer, Isidore, and Emil G. Hirsch. "Zuni, Leopold." Jewish Encyclopedia.

Accessed November 8, 2018. http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/

15299-zunz-leopold.

(3)Encyclopedia Britannica Inc. "Leopold Zunz." Encyclopedia Britannica. Accessed

November 8, 2018. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leopold-Zunz.

(4) "Wissenschaft des Judentums: Jewish Studies and the Shaping of Jewish Identity."

Leo Baeck Institute. Last modified February 24, 2015. Accessed November 8,

2018. https://www.lbi.org/2015/02/

wissenschaft-judentum-jewish-studies-jewish-identity-exhibition/.

(5) "Wissenschaft des Judentums." Wikipedia. Accessed November 8, 2018.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wissenschaft_des_Judentums.

(6) Mendes-Flohr, Paul R., and Jehuda Reinharz. The Jew in the Modern World: A
Documentary History. 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.

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The founder of Jewish Studies

Studied the history of jewish literature, poetry, and rituals

Studied at the University of Berlin, studied: math, philosophy, history, and philology

Published his journal of the Science and Judaism(Zeitschrift für die Wissenschaft des Judenthums”) in 1822

Started the movement

The Jewish Encyclopedia claimed that it was the most important Jewish work of the nineteenth century

Influenced Reform judaism