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Ducksters

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Native American History for Kids: Cherokee Tribe and Peoples

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Kids learn about Native American Indian tribe the Cherokee from the Southeast of the United States.

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Ducksters

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Kids learn about the Trail of Tears including when it took place, relocation of Native American tribes, the forced march of the Cherokee, the aftermath, and interesting facts.

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Definition: The Trail of Tears was the name the Cherokee used to describe to the 1000 mile route, or trail, that they were forced to travel, from their homelands in the Southeastern United States to reservations in present day Oklahoma, as a result of the 1830 Indian Removal Act.

The Cherokee were members of the History of the Cherokee and the Trail of Tears - The Five Civilised Tribes
Five Civilised Tribes who lived in the Southeastern United States until the 1820s. The Five Civilized Tribes consisted of the Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Seminole and Chickasaw. The Cherokee tribe referred to themselves as the "Principal People" as they were the largest tribe living in mountain areas of North and South Carolina, Alabama, Georgia and Tennessee.
Where is the Trail of Tears?

Many Cherokee converted to the Christian religion and built Christian Churches

The Cherokee lived in Anglo-European style houses

The Cherokee adopted the Anglo-European style of dress

The Cherokee adopted Anglo-European farming techniques and methods with herds of cattle, horses, swine and some sheep

The Cherokee adopted Anglo-European farming tools, including the plough and other agricultural tools and implements

The Cherokee adopted produced cotton and owned cotton plantations and black slaves

The Cherokee adopted had several large towns and villages

A written constitution

Two legislative chambers

A judiciary system

A public school system

The Choctaw were removed in 1831

The Seminole were removed in 1832

The Creek were removed in 1834

The Chickasaw were removed in 1837

The Cherokee were removed in 1838

A limited number of Cherokee in North Carolina remained in their homelands.

The Trail of Tears led to exposure in extremely cold weather conditions

Inadequate clothing

Malnutrition and Starvation

Disease

To walk the Trail of Tears it took SIX long months. One person out of every four died on the forced march across the Trail of Tears.
Picture of the Trail of Tears "There is the coldest weather in Illinois I ever experienced anywhere. The streams are all frozen over something like eight or twelve inches thick. We are compelled to cut through the ice to get water for ourselves and animals. It snows here every two or three days at the fartherest. We are now camped in Mississippi swamp four miles from the river, and there is no possible chance of crossing the river for the numerous quantity of ice that comes floating down the river
every day. We have only traveled sixty-five miles on the last month, including the time spent at this place,
which has been about three weeks. It is unknown when we shall cross the river...."

Smallpox

Malaria

Measles

Cholera

Whooping Cough

Influenza

Pneumonia

There was no cure for these diseases. There were no medicines or doctors on the Trail of Tears. The young, weak, elderly and the sick were the first to die. The Trail of Tears was followed by grieving, bereaved families and became littered with unmarked graves that were far away from their traditional homelands.

The Story of the Trail of Tears - The Dawes Rolls
At the end of the Trail of Tears was the promise of a tribal land but this promise would soon be broken. The U.S. government began a policy of breaking up tribal lands and allotting the lands to individuals. In 1893, President Grover Cleveland appointed a commission, chaired by Senator Henry L. Dawes, to negotiate land with the Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw and Seminole tribes. An Act of Congress authorized the Commission headed by Henry L. Dawes to determine who was eligible for tribal membership and land allotment. The result of this commission eventually produced what is called, the Dawes Rolls or the Final Rolls of the Five Civilized Tribes. The Dawes Rolls, or the Final Rolls of the Five Civilized Tribes, entitled an allotment of land to tribe members, in return for abolishing their tribal governments and recognizing Federal laws.

Trail of Tears

Interesting Facts and information about the Trail of Tears

Cherokee Trail of Tears

Facts and interesting info about the Trail of Tears

Lands & Tribal territories

Trail of Tears - Map

Cherokee Trail of Tears

Pictures and Videos of Native American Indians
The Trail of Tears. Discover the vast selection of pictures and videos of Native Indians. The pictures show the clothing, weapons and decorations that can be used as a really useful educational resource for kids and children of all ages. Our series of videos enable fast access to the images, pics, paintings and pictures together with information and many facts. We hope that this article on Trail of Tears will assist in your studies or homework and that you will enjoy watching the videos featuring many pictures of the Native Indians.

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Definition: The Trail of Tears was the name the Cherokee used to describe to the 1000 mile route, or trail, that they were forced to travel, from their homelands in the Southeastern United States to reservations in present day Oklahoma, as a result of the 1830 Indian Removal Act.

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In 1828, Andrew Jackson was elected president of the United States. He promised to open all Native American land in the Southeast to white settlement-including the land of the Cherokee Nation. What would the Cherokees do?

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In 1828, Andrew Jackson was elected president of the United States. He promised to open all Native American land in the Southeast to white settlement-including the land of the Cherokee Nation. What would the Cherokees do?

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By the 1820s, the Cherokee Nation had seen much of their ancestral lands (in what is now the southeastern US) disappear, through treaties with colonial governments and the United States government. Hoping to avoid cultural destruction, several Cherokee leaders-including John Ross, Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation and John Ridge, the Speaker of the Cherokee Council-led their people into a period of reform called the "Cherokee Renaissance." By 1830 the Cherokee Nation had adopted a written language and forged a constitution modeled on that of the United States, complete with a chief executive, a representative government, and courts enforcing Cherokee laws. Many Cherokee had converted to Protestant Christianity, lived in nuclear family homes, and farmed the land-sometimes with the labor of enslaved African Americans.

This same period saw the rise among US citizens of " Manifest Destiny," a belief that white Americans were God's chosen people, selected by Him to spread the United States from the East to the West Coast, "sea to shining sea." Andrew Jackson, a famous "Indian fighter," was elected President in 1828, largely on his pledge to move Indian tribes westward to allow the advance of white civilization. Emboldened by Jackson's stance, state legislators in Georgia passed laws that abolished the Cherokee government, invalidated Cherokee laws, and created a lottery system by which white Georgians could legally take Cherokee homes and land. In 1830, Congress passed the Indian Removal Act, allocating funds to forcibly remove Native Americans from the Southeast to lands west of the Mississippi River.

Cherokee leaders could not agree how to respond. In 1835, government negotiators took advantage of their factionalism and persuaded a small group, led by John Ridge and his father Major Ridge, to sign the Treaty of New Echota-which ordered the Cherokee to remove themselves from their homes and relocate to land west of the Mississippi River. This primary source set uses documents, images, and music to reveal the story of Cherokee removal, which is part of a larger story known as the Trail of Tears. Thousands of Native Americans-Chickasaw, Creek Choctaw, Seminole, and Cherokee-suffered through this forced relocation.

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The Digital Public Library of America brings together the riches of America's libraries, archives, and museums, and makes them freely available to the world.

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Trail of Tears: Are the Cherokee an Independent Nation? | PBS LearningMedia

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In 1832 the Supreme Court recognized the Cherokee as a sovereign nation, thanks to the efforts of Cherokee leaders, including John Ridge. This ruling did not please President Andrew Jackson or leaders from the state of Georgia. Video from, American Experience: "Trail of Tears."