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One of the most heinous incidents in Philippine history is thought to have been the Japanese occupation. On December 8, 1941, the Japanese invaded the Philippine Islands, and they were able to land and march into the country's northern region. Japanese colonization, which is regarded as the briefest yet darkest period in Philippine history, was one of the most horrifying times there. Japan ruled the Philippines at the time. It is clear and widespread that there have been murders, massacres, and acts of persecution throughout their invasion. Some women were imprisoned and made to perform sexual services by the Japanese occupying troops in addition to other forms of coercion and violence. I seem to recall that among other things, Japan colonized the Philippines to stop American forces from using it as a base of operations for their military forces. In addition, they aimed to expel American and European influences from their area and establish dominance over their neighbors. The Imperial Japanese Army mounted a desperate defense of the islands by the end of the war, which resulted in a high death toll for the Philippines and significant property damage.

The Bataan Peninsula and the fortress island of Corregidor served as the resistance against the Japanese; over 76,000 prisoners of war and over 10,000 Americans were managed to capture and forced to march from Mariveles to Capas, Tarlac, which is also known as the "Bataan Death March," and their occupation allowed for the rise of malaria, dysentery, and tuberculosis. Freedom of speech was curtailed, nearly all English newspapers were shut down, and pessimistic and sour commentary on journalism were alloted. Because the Japanese were unable to understand Filipino, it was used during their time as a means of communication. Even English writers managed to learn the language in order to communicate. The Philippines' liberation was aided by President Sergio Osmena and Douglass McArthur's landing in Leyte. When MacArthur and President Sergio Osmena arrived in Leyte, it contributed to the liberation of the Philippines. MacArthur's role was to advise the Philippine government on defense issues and prepare the Philippine defense forces for 1946, when the Philippines would achieve full independence. Many aspects of Japanese culture were left behind, including the introduction of the Japanese currency and strict curfews.

Construction of barangays, the establishment of a military government, and adjustments to the educational system all took place during this time. Overall, there may have been a dark chapter in our shared history with Japan, but they also contributed in a number of ways. Infrastructure development and improvement in the Philippines have been aided by Japan. These consist of airports, major thoroughfares, and bridges. ports and railroads. We are all familiar with the Japanese colonization of the Philippines, which lasted for more than three years before Japan finally gave up. Many of our fellow citizens had experienced significant wrongful death cases and severe physical devastation by the war's end. Victims like these can be likened to comfort women. Numerous women were raped and kidnapped by force to garrison buildings, where they were imprisoned and forced to perform sexual services. In full view of the women and the rest of their families, their fathers or husbands were killed. Additionally, Filipino-language writing replaced English-language writing as the primary literary language in the Philippines. The American-hating Japanese authorities did everything in their power to turn Filipino pity away from the Americans.

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One of the most horrifying periods in Philippine history was the Japanese Colonization, which is regarded as being the shortest yet darkest period in the country's history. Between late 1941 and 1945, the Philippines were under Japanese occupation. The existence of murder, massacres, and persecution throughout their invasion is pervasive and evident. In addition to the coercion and violence of the Japanese occupying troops, some women were imprisoned and forced to provide sexual services. As far as I can recall, Japan colonized the Philippines for a number of reasons, including to prevent American forces from using it as a base of operations for military forces. They also intended to establish dominance over their neighbors and drive out American and European influences. By the end of the war, the Imperial Japanese Army staged a desperate defense of the islands that cost the Philippines a significant number of lives and severely damaged our assets.

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The invasion of the Philippines began on 8 December 1941, ten hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor. The Japanese occupation of the Philippines happened between 1942 and 1945, when Imperial Japan invaded the Commonwealth of the Philippines. Similar to Pearl Harbor, the initial Japanese attack badly damaged American planes. The American Asiatic Fleet in the Philippines withdrew to Java on December 12 because there was a lack of aerial support. On the evening of March 11, 1942, General Douglas MacArthur received instructions to depart Corregidor and embark on a  expedition to Australia. Additionally, there are starved and ill American and Filipino defenders in Bataan who were compelled to submit and experience the historic Bataan Death March, during which 7,000–10,000 people died or were killed. On May 6, the Corregidor survivors also made their surrender.

Before Japan's defeat, it spent more than three years occupying the Philippines. Sixty percent of the islands, largely in the forest and mountains, were under the grip of the Philippine resistance forces' extremely efficient guerilla operation. They received supplies from MacArthur's submarines, as well as officers and reinforcement.

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During the Japanese occupation, our government decided to join the war because of the ideology and nationalism of our heroes at the time when they said, "This is not only a war between the United States and Japan, but it is also our battle." Because in the years following after Philippine-American war, the Philippines and America had a strong relationship, which we can see until today. The Japanese stayed only in our country for about three years that's because of our ROTC Hunters, the Guirillia movement, and the high spirit of our countrymen. Their presence in our country that year was horrible. They used violence and killed thousands of innocent people, and tricked some of our fellow Filipino, they corrupted some of our soldiers, and the two Guirillia movement has been divided into two: ROTC Hunters and Markings. They fight each other because of jealousy. The main reason why the Japanese decided to occupy our motherland is because of the geographic strategy and their military leader ideology which is Hideki Tojo. He wanted to invade the whole country in Asia because he believed that the most upright people were the race came from the Japanese, and one of his inspirations was Adolf Hitler.

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When Japan colonized the Philippines, the Japanese military authorities immediately began organizing a new government structure in the Philippines. Most of the Philippine elite, with a few notable exceptions, served under the Japanese. Throughout the Philippines more than a thousand Filipinos, composed of mothers, girls, and some men, were imprisoned and some of the women are kept in sexual slavery for Japanese military personnel. In spite of Japan colonization, Filipinos joined various groups and vowed to fight the Japanese.

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Insights about Japanese Occupation of the Philippines

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Insights about Japanese Occupation of the Philippines

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Baniqued, Micaela Jean G.
NURS 1-7
All I know about Japanese colonization in the Philippines is that Japan occupied our country for more than three years before surrendering. By the end of the war, many of our fellows had suffered great loss of life and tremendous physical destruction. A number of women were raped and abducted by force to garrison buildings, where they were confined and forced to provide sexual services. Victims like this can be compared to comfort women. Their fathers or husbands were murdered in front of the women and other members of their families. And English-language in Philippine literature was discontinued, and writers switched to writing in Filipino. The Japanese authorities, who despise Americans, did everything they could to divert Filipino sympathy away from them.

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My background knowledge about the involvement of the Japanese in our country during World War 2 is about the "Bataan Death March." It happened when the Filipinos surrendered Bataan Island to Japanese. After that, they force the Americans and Filipinos prisoner to continuously march from Mariveles Bataan to San Fernando without food, water, or sleep. Then If someone got to stop, the Japanese soldier would punish it, and also, If someone died during the march, the fellow people who marched got to step into that person accidentally because If they stopped, they would get punished. But the Japanese soldier gets the person's body and puts it in something cloth with a stick. Then this march lasted for six days. It is a tragedy that left trauma for the survivors of that event.

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World War II: The Philippines--Japanese Occupation

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The image depicts the Japanese Colonial Period in the Philippines. It depicted many various beliefs and traditions of the time, especially concerning atrocities committed against the Filipino people. Because the Philippines had Commonwealth status during the Japanese occupation, the Filipino people did not buy the Japanese propaganda that we were 'brothers' with them. This attitude was reinforced by their treatment of Filipinos, particularly the crimes and atrocities. Filipinos were routinely slapped by Japanese soldiers, which was extremely humiliating for them, especially when done in front of others. They would impose harsh punishments for minor offenses.

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The Japanese occupation of the Philippines took place between 1942 and 1945, during World War II, when Imperial Japan conquered the Commonwealth of the Philippines. The occupation of the Philippines began on December 8, 1941, ten hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor. American aircraft were seriously damaged in the beginning of the Japanese attack, as they had been at Pearl Harbor. On December 12, 1941, the American Asiatic Fleet in the Philippines retreated to Java due to a lack of air cover. General Douglas MacArthur was ordered to leave Corregidor on the night of March 11, 1942, for Australia, which was 4,000 kilometers away. On April 9, 1942, the 76,000 starving and sick American and Filipino defenders of Bataan surrendered and were faced with the infamous Bataan Death March, during which 7,000–10,000 died or were murdered. On May 6, the 13,000 survivors on Corregidor surrendered. Japan occupied the Philippines for more than three years before surrendering. The Philippine resistance groups used a highly effective guerilla campaign to seize control of 60% of the islands, mostly in the jungle and mountains. MacArthur sent additional forces and officers as well as supplies by submarine.

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Insights on the Japanese Occupation of the Philippines during the Second World War

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Insights on the Japanese Occupation of the Philippines during the Second World War

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by Keifer Iestyn Salle, NURS 1-7

Fueled by dogmas of ultranationalism and supremacy over other races, the Imperial Japanese Army sought to dominate the Asia Pacific—then the world. The Japanese believed their race was superior to all other races and in their divine right to rule over the entire human race. These philosophies led the Japanese through acts of atrocity and barbarism.

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The Japanese Colonization is known to be the shortest but the most cruel and is one of the most horrific times in Philippine history. During their invasion, the presence of killing, massacres, brutality, and women being used for comfort wherein they were raped is evident and prevalent. I am not sure about this part, but somehow I also remember my grade 5 history teacher sharing something about how the heads of  the people that were beheaded during those times were being used as lanterns and are displayed in the street and there were also people that are burned and buried alive, and many more gruesome events. Their invasion started after they bombed the Pearl harbor in Hawaii. After that, they started striking Southeast Asia where the Philippines is located.

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The documentary showed the Japanese Colonial Period of the Philippines. It showed many of the different beliefs and practices of the time, mostly concerned with the atrocities committed against the Filipino people. During the time of the Japanese, the Philippines received Commonwealth status. They did not believe in the propaganda of the Japanese that we are' brothers' with them. This belief was affirmed by their treatment of the Filipinos, especially the crimes and atrocities. The Battle of Bataan lasted for 3 months, from January 7th to April 9th, 1942. Many Filipino units fled in war while encountering the Japanese. General MacArthur retreated to the Island of Corregidor to avoid being captured. The defense did not go well with a lack of supplies.

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The Japanese invasion of the Philippines began on December 8, 1941, ten hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor, and continued until 1945, during which time the Empire of Japan invaded the Commonwealth of the Philippines. Because of the Japanese occupation, the literature of the Philippines at the period was rife with instability and violence. At that moment, the Filipinos made their surrender, yet they continued to fight under General Douglas McArthur until the bitter end. Many Filipinos had been forced into Japanese labor duties, and young Filipino women had even been forced into prostitution.

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My insights and prior knowledge on Japanese Occupation in the Philippines

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The Japanese occupation in the Philippines is considered to be one of the darkest events in the whole Philippine History. The Japanese invaded the Philippine Islands on December 8, 1941 and Japanese forces were able to land and march on the northern area of the Philippines. The Bataan and the fortress Island of Corregidor served as the resistance against the Japanese and over 76,000 prisoners of war and over 10,000 Americans were captured and was forced to march from Mariveles to Capas, Tarlac, which is also known as the "Bataan Death March". Their occupation, paved way for the rise of malaria, dysentery, and tuberculosis. Almost all english news papers were stopped, freedom of speech was raptured, journalism was described to be pessimistic and bitter. That is the reason why the Filipino literature was used during their time because japanese could not understand the language, even english writers learned to write in filipino just to deliver the messages.  Douglass McArthur's landing in Leyte with President Sergio Osmena helped in liberating the Philippines, MacArthur's job was to advise the Philippine government on defense matters, and prepare the Philippine defense forces when the Philippines became fully independent, which was to be in 1946. The Japanese left a lot of their influence like having strict curfews, the Japanese currency was introduced, Barangays were built, a military government was implemented, and made some changes in the system of education.
Overall, there may have been a dark part of our shared history with Japan but they also helped in various ways. Japan has helped construct and improve infrastructure in the Philippines. These include major arterial highways, bridges, airports, railways, and ports.

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The Japanese invasion of the Philippines took place between 1942 and 1945 when Imperial Japan attacked the Commonwealth of the Philippines during World War II; it was the shortest occupation but also the bloodiest. The Philippine invasion began on December 8, 1941, ten hours after the destruction of Pearl Harbor. The initial Japanese attack, like the attack on Pearl Harbor, resulted in heavy damage to American aircraft. On April 9, 1942, Bataan's 76,000 famished and wounded American and Filipino defenders surrendered and were forced to suffer the infamous Bataan Death March, in which 7,000-10,000 died. During the Japanese occupation, over a thousand women were imprisoned as "comfort women" throughout the Philippines, subjected to sexual enslavement by Japanese military soldiers.

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Reading in Philippine History - Japanese Occupation of the Philippines

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Reading in Philippine History - Japanese Occupation of the Philippines

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Combined units of Americans, military and civilian, who had never surrendered or had escaped after surrendering, and Filipinos, Christians..

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As long as I have remembered and based on what I've learned about the History of the Japanese' Occupation of the Philippines, was the facts that the Japanese Empire has targeted the Philippines due to the fact that our country was occupied still by the Americans and was still being hold onto since they've said that the archipelago of  the Philippines is a very strategic vantage point in terms of war. Japan was known for the ruthless treatment done to countries they've conquered during the war, unhumane acts done to innocent civilians regardless of the age and sex.

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Based on what I've read and seen in the picture of the American soldiers and civilians kneeling in the ground, I believe they're watching the Japanese they  caught. This situation, I believe, occurred when Americans returned to the Philippines and fought back against Japanese forces, eventually winning the victory, and they held a Japanese soldier and presented it to the crowd.

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 Ali Al Sereidy, Shaika Obaid Mohammed B.

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 Ali Al Sereidy, Shaika Obaid Mohammed B.

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The Japanese occupation of the Philippines during World War II resulted in the introduction of Japanese currency, a military administration, a strict curfew, and a reduction in the size of local governments by half. These actions had an impact on Philippine politics. Before it was forced to surrender, Japan controlled the Philippines for more than three years. ... The Imperial Japanese Army put up a desperate fight to defend the islands throughout the conflict. Cities like Manila were left in ruins. During the period of Japanese occupation, over 500,000 Filipinos perished.

So for me based on the picture, it is about the Bataan Death March. It begins when Filipinos and American prisoners are forced to march a long long miles away. It was absolutely tragedy. Without access to proper medical treatment, the prisoners of war were made to march through humid, hot environments. They were forced to sleep in the harsh Philippine circumstances and suffered from malnutrition. The prisoners who were unable to complete the march were murdered, tortured, and occasionally beheaded. Filipinos suffered disproportionately compared to US forces during the Bataan Death March, leaving a terrible legacy.

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~ The Japanese occupation in the Philippines ~

In December 8, 1941, the Japan attacked the Philippines, 10hrs after bombing the Pearl Harbor. They started attacking the islands of the country till they reach the Manila. The Philippine-Americans are out numbered to the Japanese, forcing them to retreat and go to Bataan and Corregidor. The Philippine-Americans waited for back-ups in the opening of Manila Bay, but no one came. Manila was then declared as Open City to avoid its eventual destruction.

While the Manila was already occupied by the Japanese soldiers in January 1942, they also started slaughtering the big numbers of Americans and Filipinos in Bataan. The war in Bataan lasted for 3 months. Due to hunger, sickness, weakness, and lack of equipment, the Philippine-American forces were forced to surrender to the Japanese soldiers.

In April 9, 1942, Japanese forces finally took the Bataan. All the soldiers that surrendered themselves were forced to walk from Bataan to Pampanga. Thousands of soldiers died due to heat, fatigue, hardship, pain, and wounds. This walk was known as the "Death March."

Lt. Gen. Jonathan Wainwright led the army of Corregidor. At first, he didn't want to surrender to the Japanese forces and kept fighting. One night in May 1942, the Japanese forces used tanks to attack the Malinta Tunnel, where all the thousands of patients and nurses are located. To avoid the massacre, Wainwright is forced to surrender to the Japanese forces.

The "Puppet Government" started in this period because all Filipino leaders' movement and words were controlled all by the Japanese. The economy fell during this period. Product production, cultivation, and trade stopped. The vehicle for transportation was confiscated by the Japanese. The Japanese Government then created money called "mickey mouse money". Due to the high price of commodities, the government built the 'bigasang bayan' to meet the needs of the people.

In their society, all men who are caught violating the orders will be sent to Fort Santiago to be punished to death. Women, were then forced to go outside their house or work just to be forcibly raped many times. Death is the punishment for those who help save women. Many Filipinos do not sleep well for fear of being suddenly arrested and punished. Fear prevails in every Filipino.

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The things that I know from Japanese colonization are, Filipino suffered real time during their evasion. From what I know,  a lot of cases of unspeakable things happened and that includes the cruelty against the Filipino. A lot of Filipino experienced torture from Japanese and almost half involved local ciiloans suffered massacres and rapes during their envasion.

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According to what I have learned from RIPH past lessons, Japanese attacked the Philippines because it was a territory of the U.S. after the colonization of Spain. Japan also stopped the America from having military base in Asia which is in the Philippines. Aside from countless Filipino death during the occupation, I also learned from my history education in high school how cruel Japanese soldiers are, they raped a lot of women back then. They made a “Bahay na Pula” or comfort women, where they harassed, raped, and killed women. I also read an article and it contains the details how the Japanese soldiers abused women, and some of them were minor when the traumatizing thing happened.