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The person behind China's Cultural Revolution is Chairman Mao. Mao called for "grassroots socialism" to step up his efforts to transform China into a prosperous developed economy.
They were purging remnants of capitalist and traditional elements from Chinese society.

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China

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China, Asia, Planet Earth

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1966 - 1976

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Mao Zedong: He was the known as "Chairman Mao" and he was responsible for the revolution of China's government. He removed capitalism and western influences, creating a version of communism in China during 1949.

Lin Biao: He came into power after Mao Zedong in 1969. He was in charge of controlling the outbursts of opposition. He split the power in China but this all went back to Mao when he died in 1971

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The period of the Cultural revolition lasted from 1966 to 1977

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Mao Zedong

*He was known as Chairman Mao
*Wanted to transform China's  economy to a more developed one.
*He shut down China's schools and mobilized students into paramilitary units called Red Guards.

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Mao believed that by reigniting the revolutionary fire of the Chinese people, he could fix china. He wanted student soldiers to be mobilized. These soldiers would harass the thinkers of China, or anyone who could oppose Mao's ideals. He also formed a group of radical idealists which included his wife, Lin Bao, and himself. This way, he could enforce his rule and to help him overthrow the current political party.

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China

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The cultural revolution in the 20th century. It happened between the years 1966-1976.

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Mao wanted to transform the communist country through an industrial modernization campaign called "Great Leap Forward" that ended the lives of millions. This happened by ensuing mass starvation. After his failure, kickstarted a communist agricultural society campaign where people were forced to do what the government pleased by doing practices such as;  the execution of teachers, philosophers, and intellectuals, and moving people from the city to the farms.

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In Mao's attempt to turn modern china to an agricultural society he killed 30-40 millions of his citizens

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Mao's rise to power allowed this to happen and his determination to maintain a new communist China influenced the long duration of this period. When Mao's predecessor Lin passed away in a plane crash in 1971, the hopes of a revolution dissolved until it finally ended in 1977.

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Began banning books
opened re-education camps where he sent young intellctuals
Closed schools
eliminated a lot of people
rejected science

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It lasted between the years of 1966 and 1976. 10 years.

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Mao wanted to be in control of China, however, when his economic policies failed other leaders opposed him, which then led to Mao losing power.

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Chairman Mao Zedong
People affected: Intellectuals

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Mao believed that the ruling party was straying too far from ideological purity. Then, after failing in his plan with "The Great Leap Forward", he started to lose power. So, he gathered people with similar radical views to try to recover his rule. He then launched a cultural revolution with the goals of getting rid of old customs, old culture, old habits, and old ideas.

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Mao wanted to be in power and control China. He wanted to develop the economy because of all the poverty.

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Chinese Communist Party leader Mao Zedong denounced the old capitalism and traditional forms of Chinese culture. Anyone that opposed him would be killed. Teens joined the communist army of China and opposed anyone who they thought was an intellectual.

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China

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He forced it upon the people of China

Mao banned a lot of schools and went after students and teachers suspected of opposition

People were relocated, raped, abused, tortured, and publicly humiliated

Anyone who was a danger to the government was "taken care of"

He redistributed a lot of land and attempted to create "communes", which meant he made people work and share everything in the rural areas.

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He also thought things like communes would boost China's Economy

Mao said that the ideologies of a bourgeoisie society were taking over, and wanted to correct that.

He was greatly influenced by Russia and their communism and thought that those beliefs would benefit China

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By banning books and not letting people access information.

Created the "Red Guards" who would gather information and specifically enforce his Ideals

Taking out anyone who opposed him