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a superimposed image, logo, or text placed over a photograph—usually as a method of identifying the image's creator.

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a type of camera that works without a reflex mirror. Light passes through the lens directly to the digital sensor, which then displays your image on the camera's LCD screen, allowing you to adjust settings and preview your image before its shot.

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a phenomenon in which light rays passing through a lens focus at different points, depending on their wavelength.

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which stands for circular polarizer/linear – is a glass attachment that can reduce the glare from reflected surfaces.

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a neutral-density filter, or ND filter, is a filter that reduces or modifies the intensity of all wavelengths, or colors, of light equally, giving no changes in hue of color rendition.

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also known as astronomical imaging, is photography of astronomical objects, celestial events, and areas of the night sky

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Urban Exploration Photography (urbanex for short) is the art of finding old and abandoned buildings and locations, exploring them, and taking photos as you go.

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Lifestyle photography is a genre of photography that mainly aims to capture portraits of people in situations, real-life events or milestones in an artistic manner and the art of the everyday

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a photograph made by combining several distinct photographs either made one over another on the same plate or made on one print from a number of negatives.

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Infrared photography is a look into the invisible world. The human eye can see wavelengths from about 400nm-700nm (from purple to red); infrared is the light beyond 700nm.

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The purpose of the key light is to highlight the form and dimension of the subject.

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a fill light may be used to reduce the contrast of a scene to match the dynamic range of the recording media and record the same amount of detail typically seen by eye in average lighting and considered normal.

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Tethering allows you to connect your camera to a computer or tablet and almost instantly view your digital images on the device within seconds after it is captured.

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When photos overlap

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They are those little round, dark spots that just seem to appear out of nowhere

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photograph without much contrast

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When a photoshop file has a lot of unnamed layers

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Shortened terms for photographer

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A nifty fifty lens is basically a fast 50mm lens. The nifty part comes from a lens having a very wide aperture, such as f/1.4 or f/1.8, and the fifty part refers to the focal length.

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Chimping is a colloquial term used in digital photography to describe the habit of checking every photo on the camera display immediately after capture.

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Flat light is defined as lighting that produces minimal contrast in the scene, which means there is no, or very little, contrast between the highlights and shadows

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Lighting ratio in photography refers to the comparison of key light (the main source of light from which shadows fall) to the fill light (the light that fills in the shadow areas). The higher the lighting ratio, the higher the contrast of the image; the lower the ratio, the lower the contrast.

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simply involves the blocking of unwanted natural light to create a natural three-dimensional quality to the lighting of people outside. The tools used to block unwanted light are called gobos or flags.

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a set of data that characterizes a color input or output device (or a color space) according to standards promulgated by the International Color Consortium (ICC).

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When talking about photography the term 'kelvin' refers to the unit of measurement of color temperature

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is a specialised form of pinhole photography. It consists of applying long exposure times, from one or more days up to months or even years, thereby recording sun trails and other objects.

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Photographs of a Man-Altered Landscape" was an exhibition that epitomized a key moment in American landscape photography.

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is a single photograph or more commonly a body of photographic work, that shares a high level of consistency. This consistency is usually found within the subjects, environment, photographic process, and presentation or direction of the subject.

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the process of capturing digitized images of objects for the purpose of creating printable art using a flatbed "photo" scanner with a CCD array capturing device.

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first completely abstract kind of photograph, composed of kaleidoscopic repetitions of forms achieved by photographing objects through a triangular arrangement of three mirrors.

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Design elements in creating space in two dimensions<br /> Overlapping- involves one shape obscuring another or shapes overlapping each other.<br />This is a more traditional form of overlapping. You can tell that the objects that you see completely, are closest to the viewer, in front.

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specifically post-processing and image editing the term 'render' or the process of 'rendering' refers to the application of algorithms to a digital image file which convert the image information contained within the file into a viewable format on a viewing device.

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is a compositional device used in photography to attract your eye to a focal point. Visual Weight in photographs is influenced by a number of factors, which you can use to strengthen the focal point and create balance in your image.

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shot in film is a shot that is devoid of camera movement. Also known as a locked-off shot, or an immobile shot. ... The opposite of a static camera shot, a shot in which the camera moves, is known as a dynamic shot.

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also known as a melainotype or ferrotype, is a photograph made by creating a direct positive on a thin sheet of metal coated with a dark lacquer or enamel and used as the support for the photographic emulsion.

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is a classic portrait lighting pattern where the subject is lit from the side of their face that is farthest from the camera.

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pattern where the portion of the subject's face that is turned toward the camera is lit most brightly. This is the 'broad' side of the face - from camera position it is wider than the 'short' side of the face, the side that is turned away from the camera.

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is a portrait lighting pattern where the key light is placed above and directly centered with a subject's face. This creates a shadow under the nose that resembles a butterfly.

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This lighting pattern will create a shadow that loops down and around the side of the nose, and on the neck and under the chin.

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a standard lighting technique that is used in studio portrait photography and cinematography.

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“splitting” the face into two proportional halves, with one side being in the shadow and the other side being in the light.

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is an organic alternative photography process akin to the anthotype process. However, instead of printing on the crushed extract of fruit or plant matter, the prints are bleached by sunlight directly onto the surface of leaves using a positive.

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is a photographic printing process that produces a cyan-blue print. Engineers used the process well into the 20th century as a simple and low-cost process to produce copies of drawings, referred to as blueprints.

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an intaglio printmaking or photo-mechanical process whereby a copper plate is grained (adding a pattern to the plate) and then coated with a light-sensitive gelatin tissue which had been exposed to a film positive, and then etched, resulting in a high quality intaglio plate

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a technique used to develop a peel-apart film picture on to a different material, like drawing paper. In a Polaroid transfer, the image is peeled apart prematurely and the negative is placed down on a desired material.

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is a positive photograph on glass made by a variant of the wet plate collodion process

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Straight Out of Camera.

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Tilt–shift photography is the use of camera movements that change the orientation or position of the lens with respect image sensor.

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A ring flash is a circular photographic electronic flash that fits around a camera lens.

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Levels is a tool in Photoshop and other image editing programs which can move and stretch the brightness levels of an image histogram.

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the Curves adjustment adjusts points throughout an image's tonal range.

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Catch light or catchlight is a light source that causes a specular highlight in a subject's eye in an image.

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A self-contained photographic flash lighting unit usually found in a studio.

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A soft box is a type of photographic lighting device, one of a number of photographic soft light devices.

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In photography, a snoot is a tube or similar object that fits over a studio light or portable flash and allows the photographer to control the direction and radius of the light beam.

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A beauty dish is a photographic lighting device that uses a parabolic reflector to distribute light towards a focal point.

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The honeycomb grid is a tight structure of a similar shape to the honeycomb made by honey bees. It's affixed to the front of a studio strobe. Or it can be fixed to an off-camera flash.

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Byte, the basic unit of information in computer storage and processing. A byte consists of 8 adjacent binary digits (bits), each of which consists of a 0 or 1. The string of bits making up a byte is processed as a unit by a computer; bytes are the smallest operable units of storage in computer technology.

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Crop factor is the ratio of a camera sensor's size to a 35mm film frame

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An image sensor or imager is a sensor that detects and conveys information used to make an image.

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A full-frame DSLR is a digital single-lens reflex camera (DSLR) with a 35 mm image sensor format (36 mm × 24 mm).

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APS-C cameras use a smaller area to form the image than traditional 35 mm cameras, and so lenses used on APS-C format cameras have a correspondingly narrower field of view

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Cross processing is the deliberate processing of photographic film in a chemical solution intended for a different type of film.

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The ND filter allows photographers to shoot their wide-aperture lenses in bright light without overexposing.

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a collection or gathering of things or people.

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Anti-art is a loosely used term applied to an array of concepts and attitudes that reject prior definitions of art and question art in general.

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a diagram consisting of rectangles whose area is proportional to the frequency of a variable and whose width is equal to the class interval.

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Aerial photography is the taking of photographs from an aircraft or other flying object.

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Commercial photography is an area of photography capturing images used to sell, advertise or market a business, a product, a service, a person or persons

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A still life is a work of art depicting mostly inanimate subject matter, typically commonplace objects which are either natural or man-made

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In photography and cinematography, a multiple exposure is the superimposition of two or more exposures to create a single image, and double exposure has a corresponding meaning in respect of two images. The exposure values may or may not be identical to each other.

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Appropriation in art and art history refers to the practice of artists using pre-existing objects or images in their art with little transformation of the original.

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If we let go of the idea that photography realistically portrays reality, we begin exploring a very different psychological, philosophical, and artistic territory

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The term is used where the artist is being innovative and experimental in an aspect of their art. The Avant-garde in photography are critical of existing aesthetic views.

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art based on modern popular culture and the mass media, especially as a critical or ironic comment on traditional fine art values.

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Minimalist photography is a form of photography that is distinguished by extreme, austere simplicity. It emphasizes spareness and focuses solely on the smallest number of objects in the composition process.

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an early 20th-century style and movement in art, especially painting, in which perspective with a single viewpoint was abandoned and use was made of simple geometric shapes, interlocking planes, and, later, collage.

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Barrel Lens Distortion/ Pincushion Distortion

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Barrel Lens Distortion/ Pincushion Distortion

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straight lines bend outward from the center of the image. Wide-angle prime lenses such as a 20mm lens or zoom lenses like my Nikon 24-70mm shot at its wide end typically produce images with barrel distortion because they have a wide field of view.

in which the image of a straight line appears to be curved convexly toward the axis

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sare caused by compression when an image is saved in the . jpg format.

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aliasing is an effect that causes different signals to become indistinguishable when sampled

moiré fringes are large-scale interference patterns that can be produced when an opaque ruled pattern with transparent gaps is overlaid on another similar pattern

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posterization of an image entails the conversion of a continuous gradation of tone to several regions of fewer tones, with abrupt changes from one tone to another.

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is a common problem in lenses which occurs when colors are incorrectly refracted (bent) by the lens, resulting in a mismatch at the focal point where the colors do not combine as they should.