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In China, there are many different types of climate. A monsoon, a wind that changes with the seasons, hits China and comes with some heavy rain that causes flooding in the summer. The temperature varies based on the location. The southern parts of China experience heat in the summer with an average temperature of eighty degrees F. During the winter, northern parts of China get some extreme cold with an average temperature of negative thirteen degrees F. Precipitation in China varies depending on the location. The average desert gets four inches of precipitation annually. Shown in the picture, in many parts of southeastern China, it rains about forty inches of rain every year. Most areas in northern China receive a little less than forty inches of rain a year. Snow falls only in the north, but they are light snowfalls.

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There are many different types of landforms in China including mountains, deserts, and rivers. The picture shows the Himalayen mountains that have a range of 1,500 miles. Some animals that live in the Himalayas are tigers, leopards, elephants, and yaks. Mount Everest is the tallest mountain in the world, rising five and a half miles above sea level. The Gobi is an example of a desert located in China, and also Southern Mongolia. During the summer, temperatures can hit 113 degrees F. Some animals in the Gobi desert include Mongolian wild horses, goitered gazelles, wild camels, Gobi bears, and Mongolian Lizards. There are also two very large and important rivers in China. The Yangtze River is the world’s third largest river. It is 3,900 miles long. Some of the great cities that are along the river include Shanghai, Nanjing, Anqing, and Chongqing. The Huang He river is the second longest river in China, following the Yangtze river. It is 3,395 miles long.

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Taoism is a philosophical and religious tradition that started during 400 B.C. The Taoist religion has many people following it. It is a religion based on peace, calm, nature, and harmony between humans and the universe. 10% of China is Taoist. Taoism is the only Chinese-born religion. The picture shows a worshiping area in a Taoist temple.

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In Buddhism, there are three main focuses called the Three Refuges or the Three Jewels because all Buddhists take refuge by seeking comfort, guidance, and security. The first Buddha and founder of Buddhism was born in Nepal in 500 or 400’s B.C. 6% of China is Buddhist but there are 350 million people in the world that are Buddhist. The picture shows golden Buddhas that are in a very important temple.

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In China, there are a lot of ways to use transportation and communication including a high speed rail route that is shown above. There are also uses of phones and computers in China. Shown in the picture, in 2012, China opened the world’s longest high-speed rail route between Beijing and Guangzhou. It is 1,428 miles long. The travel time is eight to ten hours. Switching over to communication, the government of China didn’t allow entertainment in the media for a while. However, in the 1980’s, the government allowed the media to give information and entertainment. China is the largest internet market in the world with 1,474,097,000 total for mobile cellular subscriptions. China has 730,723,960 internet users, or 53.2% of China are internet users.

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There are many different cool and important inventions that Chinese have created a while back, or recently. In China, the Siesmoscope, an earthquake detector, was created in 132 C.E. In the eleventh century, a Chinese alchemist accidentally invented gunpowder, which was used for fireworks at the time. There have also been inventions created a while ago. The mechanical clock was invented in China in 1088. Paper was invented in China in the first century B.C.E. A recent invention, Alipay is an app that allows buyers to pay for things online. They invented this in 2014. The picture shows the Alipay logo.

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The Communist Party has four main administrative parts. The picture above shows the people of the National Party Congress gathered together and their government symbol behind them. The National Party Congress has around 3,000 representatives that are selected by party members throughout China. The Central Committee has leading party members, and are elected by the Nation Party Congress. There are about two hundred voters, and more than one hundred seventy alternates. They just automatically approve party policies and guidelines set by the Politburo and its Standing Committee. The Politburo are extremely important party members and are elected by the Central Committee. The Standing Committee is a small group of people that is made up of the most important members in the Communist Party. They make party policies and guidelines. The Secretariat include several powerful leaders that are chosen by the Central Committee. The Secretariat take care of carrying out the day-to-day activities for the Communist Party.

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The National Government is a smaller political system, but it still exists and some people belong to it. The picture above shows the people of the national government gathered together with their symbol or logo in the back. The president, or chief of state is elected by the National People’s Congress. The chief of state receives a five-year term. The National People’s Congress takes care of writing laws and policies, delegating authority, and supervising other parts of the government. The State Council is the highest level in the Executive Branch. It includes a premier, a vice premier, councillors, and various ministers. They handle issues defernal politics, defense, economy, culture, and education. It’s members are appointed and can be removed by the President.

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China has an extremely large economy. The picture above shows some industries with their large amount of factories. The labor force, or the group of people in China that work, has about 700 million people. 50% work in Agriculture, 24% in Industry, and 26% in Services. Some large industries include iron and steel, coal, machine building, armaments, textiles and apparel, petroleum, footwear, toys, food processing, automobiles, and consumer electronics.  China’s imports include machinery and equipment, plastics, chemicals, iron and steel, and mineral fuels. These exports are mainly from Japan, the U.S., Taiwan, and South Korea. China’s exports include machinery and equipment, textiles and clothing, footwear, toys, sporting goods, mineral fuels, and chemicals. These products go to the U.S., Hong Kong, Japan, and Germany.

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There are many economic challenges in China. These three are very small compared to the other challenges China faces with its industry. One of the biggest economic challenges is feeding the huge population of China. This is the reason why China made the one child law. This law forces Chinese only to be able to have one child because it would cost too much to feed children if each family had more than one child. This is shown in the picture above, which is a poster of the law, only one child. Big Companies have a lot of debt and the government is trying to manage the debt so that there will be more financial stability, or a balance in money, so that the companies can do bigger and better things. Because China has a huge population, the industry is too large. They have an overcapacity in their industry. The Chinese economy is trying to reduce, or make smaller, the industry, because there are so many businesses and not enough money to support them.

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In China, women aren’t treated as equals to men. Also, the class back in the day is very different from modern class in China. Women used to have no rights and were treated like possessions; first of their fathers, then their husbands. Now, they have a little more rights, but still not as many as men. Back then, China used to have a hierarchical system for class. The Scholars would be highest, then farmers, artisans, and lastly merchants and soldiers. Families would commonly try to make sure their eldest son became a scholar. Currently, society is split into two main classes: Political Leaders and the rest of society. Political Leaders are higher up on the social structure bar than the rest of society is. The picture above shows the president of China, who is of high rank.

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In China, recreation is considered sports, leisure, and vacation. Most cities have places where you can play sports. Some favorites sports in China include soccer, table tennis, swimming and badminton. Some favorite things to do among Chinese include eating out, karaoke, and watching movies at home. They also play card or table games. The picture above shows a common card game, Hanafuda, that is played among Chinese. Traveling to other parts of China is popular for vacation. Some fun vacations spots include The Great Wall and the Terracotta Warriors. Traveling usually takes places on holidays like May Day, National Day, and Chinese New Year.