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Black and Latino teens are reshaping the digital world and setting new trends in the digital media space. By positioning themselves creatively in response to the family, financial, and educational obstacles.

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Black and Latino teens are reshaping the digital world and setting new trends in the digital media space. By positioning themselves creatively in response to the family, financial, and educational obstacles.

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“When more conventional or middle-class paths of access to and participation in digital media cultures were not available (e.g., home broad-band, computer ownership), teens worked around social and economic barriers to pursue their creative investments in digital media” (Watkins & Cho, 2018, p. 19)

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While technology access may be problematic for Black and Latino teens, limited access is not the only reason for disparities in the digital landscape. Other factors than race and ethnicity may influence internet-related activities, such as parental education and the quality of the school they attend. 

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While technology access may be problematic for Black and Latino teens, limited access is not the only reason for disparities in the digital landscape. Other factors than race and ethnicity may influence internet-related activities, such as parental education and the quality of the school they attend. 

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“Still, access to technology does not necessarily lead to greater digital media literacy or, as we discuss throughout this book, social and economic opportunity. Similarly, access to media technology does not guarantee access to the forms of capital—social and cultural—that are the crucial gateway to educational achievement, economic development, and political engagement” (Watkins & Cho, 2018, p. 21).

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The third main idea which is mentioned in is digital literacy. The book discusses how technology is changing; and at a more rapid rate as the years progress. It is also noted that there are skills for more basic operations.

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The third main idea which is mentioned in is digital literacy. The book discusses how technology is changing; and at a more rapid rate as the years progress. It is also noted that there are skills for more basic operations.

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Watkins & Cho (2018) describe how “moving along the skills continuum includes the ability to use general computer software such as word processing, spreadsheet, and email applications. As one climbs the technical skills ladder the ability to master more complex software involving media creation, analytics, and coding emerges. These are all features of digital media literacy” (p. 25).

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The main ideas listed above encompass what is referred to as the access gap. There is also a participation gap, which can be attributed to the fact that certain teens have interest-driven motives; therefore their domains of interest vary greatly.

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The main ideas listed above encompass what is referred to as the access gap. There is also a participation gap, which can be attributed to the fact that certain teens have interest-driven motives; therefore their domains of interest vary greatly.

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“Black and Latino youth are actually more likely than their white counterparts to use social media, for example, as a resource for civic expression and participation” (Watkins & Cho, 2018, p. 24).

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1)	Technology is interwoven into many aspects in life.

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1)	Technology is interwoven into many aspects in life.

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a)     “The everyday practices of youth, existing structural conditions, infrastructures of place, and technologies are all dynamically interrelated; the meanings, uses, functions, flows, and interconnections in young people’s daily lives located in particular settings are also situated within young people’s wider media ecologies” (pg. 31).

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2)	Students always find ways to engage with technology in order to hang out with their friends, whether they are supposed to or not or need to or not.

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2)	Students always find ways to engage with technology in order to hang out with their friends, whether they are supposed to or not or need to or not.

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a)     “These work-arounds and back channels are ways in which kids hang out together, even in settings that are not officially sanctioned for hanging out” (pg. 49).

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3)	Kids can ‘wander’ through the internet, and learn a lot of random information that they did not necessarily go online looking for. 

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3)	Kids can ‘wander’ through the internet, and learn a lot of random information that they did not necessarily go online looking for. 

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a)     “Rather than finding discrete forms of information, such as the exchange rate between the United States and Great Britain, the color of a particular flower, or the name of the twentieth U.S. president, fortuitous searching involves moving from link to link, looking around for what many teenagers describe as “random” information” (pg. 54).

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4)	Technology allows kids to experiment.

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4)	Technology allows kids to experiment.

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a)     “As Gee (2003) has argued for games and other interactive technologies that have low stakes attached to making mistakes or trying multiple scenarios to solve a problem, messing around also involves a great deal of trial and error” (pg. 57).

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I’m not quite sure if fortuitous searching is something that is not necessarily taught in schools. Often times, we are told in schools to go find information on a certain topic on the internet. That is basically telling us to use fortuitous searching to find related information.

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(1)Youth use of technology fits into the metaphor of ecology

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(1)Youth use of technology fits into the metaphor of ecology

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“Young people in the United States today are growing up in a media ecology where digital and networked media are playing an increasingly central role. Even youth who do not possess computers and Internet access in the home are participants in a shared culture where new social media, digital media distribution, and digital media production are commonplace among their peers and in their everyday school contexts” (30).

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“This ready availability of multiple forms of media in diverse contexts of daily life means that media content is increasingly central to everyday communication and identity construction” (47).

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“As a collection of practices and a stance toward media and technology, messing around highlights the advantages of growing up in an era of media saturation, interactive media, and social software. Although messing around can be seen as a challenge to traditional ways of finding and sharing information, solving problems, or consuming media, it also represents a highly productive space for young people in which they can begin to explore specific interests and to connect with other people outside their local friendship groups” (65).

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Refers to “intense commitment or engagement with media or technology, often one particular media property, genre, or a type of technology” (65)

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There was a lot of talk about access to technology, and the author seemed to say that even if there wasn't necessarily access, students could still be creative. I don’t disagree with that, but I just wonder what youth feel like if they don’t have everyday access to things like smart phones or social media. Do they feel exiled because they aren’t able to communicate as well with others? If a student isn’t on social media, I wonder what others think of that person…

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1)The online space is changing the way youth interact with politics and creates new atmospheres that encourage different forms of participation.  “As Henry Jenkins has written, online contexts may well be the bowling leagues of the twenty-first century. They provide a space of connection to others where trust is build and deliberation happens.” (Cohen&Kahne, 2012, p.ix)

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1)The online space is changing the way youth interact with politics and creates new atmospheres that encourage different forms of participation.  “As Henry Jenkins has written, online contexts may well be the bowling leagues of the twenty-first century. They provide a space of connection to others where trust is build and deliberation happens.” (Cohen&Kahne, 2012, p.ix)

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2) The use of politics online gives the opportunity for voice for youth with less power and money and allows them to feel like a part of the political conversation instead of just an onlooker. “Individuals and groups can mobilize in ways that enable them to “talk back” to elites and other institutional sources of political information and power, such as press or elected officials.” (Cohen&Kahne, 2012, p.4)

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3)One benefit to online participatory politics is the equity it provides through groups that may otherwise be left out of the conversation. “…We find young people across different racial and ethnic groups engage much more equitably in participatory politics than in voting.” (Cohen&Kahne, 2012, p.6)

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3)One benefit to online participatory politics is the equity it provides through groups that may otherwise be left out of the conversation. “…We find young people across different racial and ethnic groups engage much more equitably in participatory politics than in voting.” (Cohen&Kahne, 2012, p.6)

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4)As youths interact more and more through these online spaces that allow them to surpass the norm of whose voice is heard, their interacts in other spaces may follow. “Young people’s repeated participation in these online spaces or cultures may shape their expectations about how communication and interaction should happen in other spheres of life, including the political domain.” (Cohen&Kahne, 2012, p. 9)

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4)As youths interact more and more through these online spaces that allow them to surpass the norm of whose voice is heard, their interacts in other spaces may follow. “Young people’s repeated participation in these online spaces or cultures may shape their expectations about how communication and interaction should happen in other spheres of life, including the political domain.” (Cohen&Kahne, 2012, p. 9)

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“While youth of color are active online and engaged in friendship- and interest-driven activities as well as some forms of participatory politics, they will need infrastructure and interventions to leverage their proficiencies in the digital world to their benefit in the political realm.” (Cohen&Kahne, 2012, p.x)

I’m not sure if I disagree with this statement or if I just have a problem with the wording of it or am misunderstanding what the author is trying to say.