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fibrous osteodystrophy occurs most frequently in reptiles. It is an overrepresented disease in captive reptiles

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Also known as growing pains, panosteitis is the painful inflammation of the surface of one or more of the long bones in the legs.

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Commonly seen in large dog breed

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It is caused by overloading or compression of the sponier growth plate part of the bone

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1. a genetic mutation that impairs the normal development of collagen

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1. a genetic mutation that impairs the normal development of collagen

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Osteopetrosis is a skeletal disorder of humans and animals characterized by the formation of overly dense bones, resulting from a deficiency in the number and/or function of bone-resorbing osteoclast cells.

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severe conditions may need surgery but dieting is the most effective method of treatment

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epiphysitis is a generalized bone disease of young growing horses.

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It is commonly seen in horses 4 to 8 months when they are rapidly growing. Also fast growing overweight young horses that are fed high calorie diets are at risk of it.

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Is accentuated in local areas such as the cancellous bone of the skull.

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The pain in panosteitis is probably caused by increased pressure in the bone or by the stimulation of pain receptors in soft tissue lining the bone, known as the periosteum.

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Canine hip dysplasia is an abnormal development in growth of the dog's hip joints.

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2. OI is an inherited autosomal recessive disease. You can be a carrier or affected.    Affected : OI/OI                Carrier : OI/n                    Neither affected/carrier : n/n 

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2. OI is an inherited autosomal recessive disease. You can be a carrier or affected.    Affected : OI/OI                Carrier : OI/n                    Neither affected/carrier : n/n 

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Osteochondrosis is a common condition affecting the joints of young, rapidly growing dogs such as Labradors, Rottweilers and Great Danes.

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Some symptoms are joint pain, joint swelling, and inability to stand

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It occurs when a small segment of bone begins to separate from its surrounding region due to a lack of blood supply.

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This is a bone disease that impacts fast growing large and giant breed dogs.

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Usually is inherited by the human or animal.

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Reptiles that eat primarily insects or plants are at risk for developing metabolic bone disease, which is caused by an imbalance in the levels of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D in their bodies.

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is an abnormal mineralization of bone, usually the result of bone destruction that exceeds the rate of bone matrix synthesis.

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Panosteitis is a self limiting disease, it will eventually resolve itself when the animal matures. Radiographs can still be helpful to rule out the presence of other more sinister diseases.

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3.
Clinical signs are lameness, joint effusion, and reduced range of motion in affected joints or limbs.

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Treatment involves surgical excision of cartilage flaps or free-floating fragments and curettage of subchondral bone to stimulate fibrocartilage

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The OCD lesion can vary in severity, ranging from a crack in the cartilage, to a cartilage flap, to a completely detached fragment of cartilage that is floating around in the joint (called a joint mouse).

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3. Osteogenesis Imperfecta can lead to unexplained and spontaneous bone fractures. 

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3. Osteogenesis Imperfecta can lead to unexplained and spontaneous bone fractures. 

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4. OI causes bones and teeth to become brittle and weak.

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4. OI causes bones and teeth to become brittle and weak.

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Panosteitis usually affects dogs between 5 to 14 months of age when their growth is at its most rapid, however it can affect dogs from as young as 2 months to as old as 18 months.

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Snakes and other carnivorous reptiles that are fed on a whole prey generally get enough calcium and vitamin D in their diets, and metabolic bone disease is often a problem for them.

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5. OI has no cure, and in severe cases the animal will have to euthanized.

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5. OI has no cure, and in severe cases the animal will have to euthanized.

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Limping

Bowed legs

Hard lumps along the legs, spinal column, or jaw

Softening and unusual flexibility of the lower jaw

Difficulty raising the body off the ground

Decreased appetite

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The cause of panosties is unknown, although genetics, stress, infection, metabolism, or autoimmune components are all thought to be possible factors. German shepherds in particular are predisposed to this disease so there may be a genetic component, at least in this case.

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It appears from 7 weeks to 8 months from birth.

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levels of calcium or vitamin D are low

phosphorus levels are too high

inadequate exposure to ultraviolet-B wavelengths of light hinders normal vitamin D production

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Symptoms include fractures, low blood cell production, and loss of cranial nerve function causing blindness, deafness, and/or facial nerve paralysis.

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tumors are very uncommon and usually nonfunctional in rodents, and most often.

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This is also referred to as Metaphyseal Osteopathy, this can be spotted in dogs around  2-7 months of age

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Some living and management requirements: Reptile owners must pay close attention to their pets’ diet and environmental conditions if metabolic bone disease is to be avoided. Calcium-rich foods for herbivores include cabbage, kale, okra, sprouts, bok choy, alfalfa, squash, berries, and cantaloupe. Calcium and vitamin D supplements are also necessary for reptiles that eat primarily plant material or insects. Feeder insects should be raised on a nutritious diet, gut-loaded with healthy food prior to being fed to reptiles, and dusted with an appropriate vitamin and mineral supplement. Be careful not to overuse calcium and vitamin D supplements, as it may result in other medical issues that can be just as serious as those associated with metabolic bone disease.

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Affected individuals may experience frequent infections of teeth and the bone in the jaw.

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Predisposed breeds are- Australian kelpie, Boxer ,Bull mastiff, Doberman pinscher, German shepherd dog,  Great Dane
Irish setter, Irish wolfhound, Kvass
Labrador retriever, Rottweiler, Saint Bernard, Standard poodle, Weimaraner. Some medium sized breeds like Australian cattle dog and pit bulls may develop HOD.

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It is often affected by metabolic bone disease will usually completely recover with dietary improvements, calcium and vitamin D supplements, and greater access to full-spectrum ultraviolet light.

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Canine hip dysplasia commonly occurs in large dogs like rottweilers, german shepherds, golden retrievers, etc. but it could happen to any dog breed.

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care may include fluid therapy, analgesics and rest or restricted activity. in some cases antibiotics may be given to the dog. if the dog is in severe pain the vet may need to give the dog narcotics which are given in intravenous injection.

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If the disease is not treated the dog can develop osteoarthritis.

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in the clinical Findings. The predominant signs of renal insufficiency. (vomiting, dehydration, polydipsia, polyuria, and depression) are usually present.

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Dogs with canine hip dysplasia will sometimes show signs of it's hind leg hurting by showing lameness in the leg, pain, muscle-wasting.

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Dogs with canine hip dysplasia will sometimes show signs of it's hind leg hurting by showing lameness in the leg, pain, muscle-wasting.

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For people with autosomal dominant osteopetrosis, with onset usually in childhood or adulthood, good routine dental care and oral hygiene may help prevent osteomyelitis of the mandible (infection in the jaw bone).

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Some warning signs are a temp of 106 or higher, a lack of appetite,discharge from eyes or nose,bumps on the skin with pus,diarrhea that could be bloody,and increased respiratory sounds.

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Osteopenia is most readily apparent in parts of the skeleton with high bone turnover, such as trabeculated bone in the metaphyses and epiphyses of long bones, vertebrae and the skull.

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there two types of treatment there the Ablation or surgical excision of altered gland tissue.

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Common in horses Loss of bone mass in the Coffin Bone caused by calcium deficiency and limited use of Vitamin D Disease shows a lower bone mass and bone brittleness but is not as severe as osteoporosis