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threats creation of dams
withdrawal for human use

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Freshwater job flood protection protect water quality

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wetlands act like a sponge, preventing flooding. They help keep river levels normal and filter and purify the water.

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Coastal wetlands-salt marshes,bottomland hardwood,swamps.
Marine wetlands- coral reefs, and aquatic subtidal beds with sea grass and kelps.

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freshwater wetlands- Prairie Potholes, Bogs and Fens. coastal wetlands, riprain zone, mire and vernal pool. The importance of wetlands are to protect shores from waves, reduce  impact on floods, and absorb pollutants. Functions are to better water quality, water supply and flood control.

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coastal wetlands- give flood protection, prevent coastline erosion, they filter chemicals and sediment out of the water,  can store large amounts of large amounts of carbon due to their rapid growth, being destroyed by human activity and natural processes.
freshwater wetlands- marshes

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Tidal wetlands is another name for coastal/marine wetlands, these type of wetlands filter chemicals and sediment among other things. Non-tidal wetlands are also called freshwater wetlands. Non-Tidal wetlands are common on floodplains along streams and rivers. Many of these wetlands are seasonal, they often provide critical habitat for wildlife adapted to breeding exclusively in these areas.

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salt water wetlands create a difficult environment for most plants to grow in, so most shallow coastal areas are unvegetated. freshwater wetlands are dominated by herbaceous plants, trees, and shrubs.

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-- Freshwater Wetlands --

Swamps
Marshes
Flooding rivers
-- Marine Wetlands --

Deltas
Lagoons
coral reefs
-- Coastal Wetlands --
Includes Saltwater and freshwater wetlands
Salt Marshes

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Freshwater Wetlands- Ponds, Marshes, and Swamps
Coastal/Marine Wetlands- Saltwater Marshes, Bottomland Hardwood Swamps, and Mangrove Swamps
Importance of freshwater wetlands- improves water quality, gives fish and some wildlife food and habitat
Importance of coastal/marine wetlands- they give wildlife food and habitat, controls erosion, commercial fisheries, recreational use, helps with flood protection
Biggest threats for the wetlands- Draining of the wetlands for development, invasion of exotic species, the creation of dams and water-diversion systems blocks water from getting to the wetlands, runoff from agricultural and urban areas damages the water quality

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Freshwater wetlands are important to the environment because they prevent flooding and keep river levels normal.

Saltwater wetlands are important to the environment because they help with flood protection and erosion control

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Freshwater wetlands - one of the most productive parts of an ecosystem due to their high nutrient value that can sustain a variety of organisms, also helps to mitigate flooding and keep river levels normal.

Coastal Wetlands -  Recharge groundwater and moderate streamflow by providing water to streams. Coastal wetlands can also prevent coast line erosion due to their ablity to absorb ocean currents

Biggest threat to wetlands is urbanization, where the wetlands are destroyed for the purpose of building houses and farmlands on top of them.

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Freshwater wetlands~ streams, lakes, ponds
Coastal/Marine wetlands~ salt marshes, bottom land hardwood swamps, fresh marshes
Freshwater wetland importance/ functions~ are areas where water covers the soil, or is present either at or near the surface of the soil all year or for varying periods of time during the year, including during the growing season.
Coastal/Marine wetland importance/functions~Coastal wetlands protect upland prevent coastline erosion due to their ability to absorb the energy created by ocean currents which would otherwise degrade a shoreline and associated development. provide habitat for many federally threatened and endangered species, including Whooping Crane, Louisiana Black Bear and Florida Panther
Impacting Negatively~ People!

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Freshwater wetlands-
Examples:
-Everglades FL
-Bayou LA
-Wards Dam prairie MT
Importants / Functions to us:
Creates a very diverse habitat, being home to many specie.
Wetlands also play a role in atmospheric maintenance ( wetlands do not release carbon into the air)
Negative Impact:
The biggest threat is obviously human development into wetland areas. Also nutrient polluters such as fertilizers providing excessive nutrients to plants causing them to die.
Saltwater wetlands-
Examples:
-Mangroves
-Delaware estuary
-northeast Atlantic coast of Virginia
Importants / Functions to us:
Flood protection for the huge amounts of residents on the coast. Also controls erosion of the coast. Habitat is provided for many many species as well.
Negative impact:
Again human development is a huge roll in the loss of coastal wetlands, everybody wants to live on the coast.

EPA
www.Habitat.gov
www.FWS.gov