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A study called, Interaction of poor sleep quality, family history of type 2 diabetes, and abdominal obesity on impaired fasting glucose: a population-based cross-sectional survey in China (2016) examined the relationships of sleep quality, family health histories, obesity, and prediabetes among the Chinese population in a cross sectional survey.  The survey collected data from 15,145 residents aged between 18 and 75 years were selected from 11 districts of Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province of China.  The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index analyzed the participants with poor sleeping habits and good sleeping habits when they all had a history in their family of type II diabetes.

Qin, Y., Lou, P., Chen, Interaction of poor sleep quality, family history of type 2 diabetes, and abdominal obesity on impaired fasting glucose: a population-based cross-sectional survey in China (2016) 36: 277. doi:10.1007/s13410-015-0410-4

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A study was conducted by Stout et al. (2016) on the diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart disease (CHD). The purpose of the study was to explore and review the incidence of CHD, the survival rates with CHD, and the connection between heart failure and CHD.  This study explored mechanisms, treatments, and other complication found with CHD.  This study also pulled from literature pertaining to heart failure in CHD.  Most of the literature contained in this study is from the American Heart Association, a leading organization on CHD and heart related diseases.  The authors go on to focus on further studies that could be conducted in this field of research and health.  Different therapies and exercise are also detailed in this study.
Reference
Stout, K. K., Broberg, C. S., Book, W. M., Cecchin, F., Chen, J. M., Dimopoulos, K., & ... Law, Y. (2016). Chronic Heart Failure in Congenital Heart Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation, 133(8), 770-801. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000352

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A study conducted by Nina Bracken (2016) evaluated the prevention of future readmission in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD. Throughout this article, Bracken analyzed several different interventions and programs involved in education and counselling in which the patients with COPD underwent after their first time being admitted. This article stresses not only the importance of the intervention, but also the timing relative to the discharge in order for it to be effective. Although these selected interventions at certain times all showed significant decrease in readmission of patients, there is no sufficient evidence on any explicit intervention or interventions that prove to be the most effective. According to Bracken (2016), approximately 15 million Americans are affected by this at any given time. If hospitals were to encourage any combination of these interventions, there is hope that these 15 million Americans can reduce their chances of returning to the hospital for an avoidable reason.

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A study by Graves, Hodge, and Jacob (2016) examined children
and adolescents suffering from Sickle Cell disease. The three factors they
tested were depression, anxiety and quality of life. This study was conducted
in response to the painful effects Sickle Cell disease has on the body as they
suffer from, “painful vaso-occlusive events when sickle-shaped erythrocytes
block blood flow to cells, organs, and bones.” The importance of diagnosing
levels of depression, anxiety and quality of life are crucial in determining
preventative measures and therapies that can treat these issues. 

 

Graves, J. K. (2016). Continuing Nursing Education.
Depression, Anxiety, and Quality of Life In Children and Adolescents With
Sickle Cell Disease. Pediatric Nursing, 42(3), 113-144.

 

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A study by Graves, Hodge, and Jacob (2016) examined children
and adolescents suffering from Sickle Cell disease. The three factors they
tested were depression, anxiety and quality of life. This study was conducted
in response to the painful effects Sickle Cell disease has on the body as they
suffer from, “painful vaso-occlusive events when sickle-shaped erythrocytes
block blood flow to cells, organs, and bones.” The importance of diagnosing
levels of depression, anxiety and quality of life are crucial in determining
preventative measures and therapies that can treat these issues. 

 

Graves, J. K. (2016). Continuing Nursing Education.
Depression, Anxiety, and Quality of Life In Children and Adolescents With
Sickle Cell Disease. Pediatric Nursing, 42(3), 113-144.

 

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Sickle Cell Disease 12/01

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A study that was conducted by Moschetti, Cummings, Sorvillo, and Kuo (2012) examined and updated Alzheimer’s disease death tendencies according to different characteristics over a ten-year time frame. The study looked at some characteristics like age, race and ethnicity, geography, and sex. The study showed deaths from Alzheimer’s from time period of 1999 to 2008. The conclusion of this study showed how Alzheimer’s disease will be on the rise especially with the baby boomer generation coming up. The study done relates in how prevalent Alzheimer’s is in the United States and how this disease is becoming more and more common. The prevalence of this disease has been also on the rise world wide.

Reference
Moschetti, K., Cummings, P. L., Sorvillo, F., & Kuo, T. (2012). Burden of alzheimer's disease-related mortality in the United States, 1999-2008. Journal Of The American Geriatrics Society, 60(8), 1509-1514. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04056.x.

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Chronic Obstructive pulmonary disease is a disease of the lungs that damages the tubes that allow for respiration, thereby resulting in breathing trouble. This disease has a major effect on smokers. This study chooses to focus not only on the effects smoking has on the prevalence of COPD, but also how it can be genetically induced. About 30 percent of people who are diagnosed with COPD have never even smoked. The study conducted by John Clancy and Christopher Turner places emphasis on the deficiency of an enzyme called anti-proteases such as alpha-1 antitrypsin, which protects the lung tissues from producing excess enzymes such as proteases, which destroy the lung tissue. The study also, highlights on the fact that some smoking behaviors are linked to a form of genetic disposition.  This research also highlights on the role the nurse plays in smoking cessation. According to Clancy and McVicar (2009), health care professionals play a pivotal role in promoting health, and helping maintain homeostasis. This study gives a different perspective of what can be associated with COPD and the necessary control and prevention.

References:
Clancy, J., & Turner, C. (2013). Smoking and COPD: the impact of nature-nurture interactions. British Journal of Nursing, 22(14).

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A study by Yamamoto et al. (2016) in Japan examined the association between osteoporosis and patient outcomes.  Osteoporosis has been linked to patients having poorer qualities of life and lower economic outcomes.  Japan is one place where the connection between osteoporosis and patient outcomes was relevant which was a call to action for the government to do more research on the topic.  Osteoporosis does have a wide variety of comorbidities, but the poor patient outcomes was a function of their osteoporosis.  This study adds a new spin on the topic of osteoporosis as it can affect people in more ways than just the physical ways.

Yamamoto, L. A., Dibonaventura, M., & Kawaguchi, I. (2016, March 16). The Association between Osteoporosis and Patient Outcomes in Japan. Journal of Medical Economics, 19(7), 702-709. doi:10.3111/13696998.2016.1159567

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Racial/Ethnic and Age Differences in Women’s Awareness of Heart Disease

The authors Mochari-Greenberger, Miller, and Mosca (2012) led a study focused on the level of awareness within certain subgroups of women in the United States.  Due to the fact that heart disease is the leading cause of death in America, educating people about heart disease is critical.  The purpose of the study was to seek out what groups of women needed education on heart disease the most.  The authors gathered data on women based on race and age through surveys.  The data they collected showed wide gaps of awareness allowing education to be more focused on those who lack it the most.  Awareness is one simple step towards the prevention of heart disease.

References

Mochari-Greenberger, H., Miller, K. L., & Mosca, L. (2012). Racial/Ethnic and Age Differences in Women's Awareness of Heart Disease. Journal Of Women's Health (15409996), 21(5), 476-480. doi:10.1089/jwh.2011.3428 ��:>2��

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Adolescent Obesity and Type Two Diabetes 0827

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Adolescent Obesity and Type Two Diabetes 0827

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A study conducted by Sung Soo et al. (2014) examined the effects of 12 weeks of exercise on juveniles suffering from obesity and type two diabetes. The purpose of this study was to place juveniles with type two diabetes and juveniles who are obese in a program involving aerobic exercise for 12 weeks in order to examine the relationship between their health issues and their neurotrophic and inflammatory factors. The study relates to the literature utilized in the article by experimenting and examining influential factors related to health.

Reference

Sung Soo, L., Jae Ho, Y., Sung Hwun, K., Jin Hee, W., Ki Ok, S., Kwi Beak, K., Su Youn, C., Hee Tae, R., & Young Il, K. (2014). The effects of 12 weeks regular aerobic exercise on brain-derived neurotrophic factors and inflammatory factors in juvenile obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 26(8), 1199-1204. doi: http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.usd.edu/10.1589/jpts.26.1199

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A study by Ramirez et al. (2016) aimed to study the effect of age, gender, and race on the rates of hospitalizations due to ischemic stroke in the United States. Ramirez et al. chose to look at these demographic groups and their effect in order to better understand the findings of recent studies. Recent studies have shown that the overall rate of hospitalizations in the United States due to ischemic stroke have begun to slightly decline. Interested in the decline, Ramirez et al. worked to find which demographic groups were most affected by ischemic stroke in the United States.

Ramirez, L., Kim-Tenser, M. A., Sanossian, N., Cen, S., Ge, W., He, S., Mack, J., & Towfighi, A. (2016). Trends in Acute Ischemic Stroke Hospitalziation in the United States. Journal of the American Heart Association, 5(5), 1-8. doi:10.1161?JAHA/116/003233.

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Lack of association between maternal periodontal status and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a multicentric epidemiologic study

A study was done in Italy to try to find a link between periodontal disease, and negative effects on pregnancy. They used data taken from over 700 new mothers who had given birth within the 5 days prior to the study taking place. The idea was to see if the women who had periodontal disease were at a greater risk for complications such as preterm birth, preeclampsia, or having a baby with low birth weight, among other things. What they found was that there is no obvious link between periodontal disease and having complications during pregnancy. They did, however, find that in patients who had periodontal disease, and were smokers there was a greater risk of complication with the pregnancy.

References

Abati, S., Villa, A., Cetin, I., Dessole, S., Lugli, P. F., Strohmenger, L., & ... Campus, G. G. (2013). Lack of association between maternal periodontal status and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a multicentric epidemiologic study. Journal Of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 26(4), 369-372. doi:10.3109/14767058.2012.733776

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Due to recent assessment advances in schizophrenia, P.D. Harvey et. al, (2009) devised a study that delves deep into the relationships between neuropsychological tests and functional skills. The correlations between these two measures have found to produce extremely credible and consistent evidence. The purpose of this study was to find the similarity between performance-based assessments of everyday functioning, real-world disability, and achievement of milestones in people with schizophrenia in the United States and Sweden. This study is the first of its kind to bring forward the generalizability of multiple forms of functional capacity assessments in a cross-cultural setting.

Bowie, C. R., Harvey, P. D., Heaton, R. K., Helldin, L., Hjarthag, F., Norlander, T., . . . Patterson, T. L.

(2009). Perfomance-based measurement of functional disability in schizophrenia: a cross0national study in the United States and Sweden. American Journal of Psychiatry, 166, 821-827. http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/

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A study by Sekikawa et al. (2013) examined risk factors and incident rates for women of both Japan and the United States for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). The purpose of this study was to examine why women in Japan have one of the lowest rates of mortality from CHD (Sekikawa et al., 2013). Using statistical data from various organizations, the researchers compared the trends of CHD for the women of Japan and the United States. This study relates to the literature utilized in the article by investigating influential factors related to health.

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A study by Luisa Borrell, James Beck, and Gerardo Heiss, (2006) discussed how socioeconomics was related to periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to prove or disprove the hypothesis that periodontal disease was related to socioeconomics. The study completed looked at the individual economic status as well as that of the neighborhood the subjects resided in. Depending on the results, patients and/or neighborhoods suffering from periodontal disease may be at risk for many other health concerns. A lot of research has been done that suggests a high correlation between periodontal disease and other chronic illnesses such as diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol. The suffering regions and individuals may need more access to medical supplies, health education, and preventative resources in the future.

Reference:

Borrell, L. N., Beck, J. D., & Heiss, G. (2006). Socioeconomic disadvantage and periodontal disease: The dental atherosclerosis risk in communities study. American Journal of Public Health, 96(2), 332-339. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.055277

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A study that was conducted by Allana LeBlanc, et al, in 2015 took a look at investigating the correlation of total sedentary time and screen time in children across the globe. Previously, these investigations were either limited by small sample size and geographic location, or did not correlate total sedentary time and screen time. This study correlates how often children are in front of some sort of a screen, whether it be television, computer, or video games, known as screen time, with things such as reading, quietly playing, or watching television, also known as total sedentary time.

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A study conducted by Cox, Nowak and Buettner (2011)  focused on the effects live music can have on behaviors with people with Alzheimer’s.  The prevalence of Alzheimer’s is increasing every year and it is currently the most common form of dementia.  Ninety percent of patients with Alzheimer’s show behavioral symptoms such as agitation.  Music therapy is a new tool occupational therapist are using for challenging behaviors due to Alzheimer’s.  Agitation is a difficult behavior when working with patients who have Alzheimer’s so therapist wanted to try music therapy to reduce these behaviors. The experiment tested patients in three one-to-one violin interventions to see if it reduced agitated behavior.  Using music in a therapeutic way is nothing new.  Music therapy has been used before because it involves many components that could help manage symptoms seen in Alzheimer’s patients.  Only recently have occupational therapist began to peer-review the effects it can have on geriatric patients with Alzheimer’s and showing agitation.

Reference
Cox, E., Nowak, M., & Buettner, P. (2011). Managing agitated behaviour in people with Alzheimer's disease: the role of live music. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 74(11), 517-524. doi:10.4276/030802211X13204135680866

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This article discusses a randomized control trial to determine the efficacy of a home exercise program versus a home exercise program in combination with a robot-assisted intervention to improving quality of life and depression for people suffering after stroke. Both interventions have been delivered via telerabilitation. The HEP group were instructed in a customized program using his/her affected UE for 3 hrs/day, 5 days/week for a total of 8 weeks in a 12-week period. The robotic device and HEP group were prescribed an identical dose of intervention but theres included use of The Hand Mentor Pro robotic device. A device that assists movement of the wrist and fingers. The outcome measures were the SIS (Stroke Impact Scale) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The telerehabilitation consists of weekly phone calls and data from the robot-assisted device that will be transmitted to the Mentor-Home website, allowing the therapist to tweak the settings of the robot to increase the challenge for the participants. The results indicate that both interventions improved QOL and depression outcomes less than 6 months after stroke, but both interventions were very similar outcomes. The paper then goes on to say that clinicians may choose the intervention based on factors such as patient comfort with technology and room for the device.  One thing that I think is a benefit of the robotic therapy is that is provides a lot of sensory and proprioceptive feedback with very little distal movements, which is better then seen in typical HEP. Linder, S.,  Rosenfeldt, A.,  Bay,  R., Sahu, K.,  Wolf, S.  and Alberts, J. (2015). Improving Quality of Life and Depression after Stroke Though Telerehabilitation, American Journal Of Occupational Therapy, 69 (2), 665-589.