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- recap chapter 12 in your book (content + vocabulary)
- check your knowledge on the subject with "get ready for next week's test" on this page
- recap methodology handout "picture analysis" + "adjectives to describe an atmosphere" on this page
- recap the grammar point on the "be going to" form.
- read CAREFULLY chapter 13 for next week's class. You should be able to write 3 sentences on the content of the chapter

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Correction of the grammar exercise - group 2

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Correction of the grammar exercise - group 2

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from the magic board…

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Correction of the grammar exercise - group 1

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Correction of the grammar exercise - group 1

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from the magic board…

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companies + grammar

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complete this handout to make sure you know your lesson well enough for the test. Make sure to write one descriptive sentence under each tag.

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from the "picture description" handout

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Ultimate champion and sponsoring

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At a time when "endurance running" no longer means mere marathons - and even 100-mile races are attracting the masses - Karl Meltzer, a former ski-resort bartender, has proved he can suffer longer and faster than almost anyone else.

When he staggered onto Springer Mountain in Georgia before dawn Sunday, Meltzer set a record for completing the Appalachian Trail. He covered the 2,190 miles over 14 states in 45 days 22 hours 38 minutes.

Meltzer, 48, is a little different from other titans of the newly booming ultra-running scene. He is six years older than Scott Jurek, who was featured in the best-selling book about almost-barefoot endurance running, "Born to Run" - and who set the former Appalachian Trail record last year (46 days 8 hours 7 minutes).

In a sport checkered with mantras like "clean living," Jurek sustained his trek on a vegan diet. Staples of Meltzer's diet, by contrast, included Red Bull and Tang. Jurek incurred a $500 fine and public outrage for opening champagne at the summit of Mount Katahdin in Maine during his record run. When Meltzer finished Sunday, he walked down the mountain, sat in a chair and sated himself with pepperoni pizza and a beer.

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Meltzer on a leg of his record-breaking run along the trail in late August. Credit Interpret Studios, via Red Bull Content Pool

It was the latest milestone in an unusual professional racing career.

Meltzer moved to Utah to ski in 1989 and started running the next year. He came to long-distance racing in his late 20s. Primarily a skier, he worked as a bartender at the Snowbird ski resort but took summers off to run. Now based in Sandy, Utah, he became an ultra runner in 1996 after completing a 100-mile race nearby in just over 28 hours.

In a sport built on comparatives - faster, longer, more, more, more - his 100-mile trail race portfolio is formidable: He has won 38 of them, more than anyone else in the world.

But the Appalachian Trail was a particular challenge. This was Meltzer's third attempt at the record, and his first since Jurek set it last year. He tried once in 2008, finishing a week off the record; in 2014 he dropped out with 600 miles left.

This time, he capped each night with one or two beers and left from rest stops with rainbow-colored Spree candy, Three Musketeers chocolate bars and bacon in his pockets. To save time and keep his energy up, he typically slept less than seven hours a night and instead had an energy drink every 10 miles, downing about five a day. When on another day his support crew found him napping, they gave him a pint of ice cream for a boost.

Though Meltzer averaged 50 miles in 15 hours of running a day, his pace faltered at times. At one point he slept on the trail instead of making it to his support van - and then he slept the next morning on the dirt again. But in the last two days, he gathered strength, running 83 miles nonstop in the final leg to finish Sunday morning at 3:38.

His support crew said Meltzer was not available for an interview immediately after completing his run. He was sleeping.

A version of this article appears in print on , on Page D5 of the New York edition with the headline: No Distance Too Forbidding For Candy-Fueled Ultra Runner. Order Reprints | Today's Paper | Subscribe

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Ultra Runner Karl Meltzer Sets Appalachian Trail Record, Fueled by Beer and Candy

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At a time when "endurance running" no longer means mere marathons - and even 100-mile races are attracting the masses - Karl Meltzer, a former ski-resort bartender, has proved he can suffer longer and faster than almost anyone else. When he staggered onto Springer Mountain in Georgia before dawn Sunday, Meltzer set a record for completing the Appalachian Trail.

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Dreams & exams

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It's an astonishingly common dream. Many of us have it, with numerous reruns throughout our lives.

"I never went to class. I never did the work. I never studied. Final is tomorrow. Terrible anxiety," says Susie Drucker Hirshfield, 71, of Stockbridge, Mass., a friend from college. "Or, I'm a freshman. The campus is huge. I'm lost. I can't find my classroom building. Seems like I walk around forever, and never find it. Or I find it, and the class is over.''

Ben Goldberg, 28, a lawyer who was an A student of mine in the Philip Merrill College of Journalism at the University of Maryland, has his own version. "I wake up the morning of a final and realize I am completely unprepared for the exam," he says. "I spend the day frantically trying to learn the material, but still walk into the exam hopelessly unprepared. Or I wake on the day of the final and realize that I've cut the class all year."

(Since I don't give final exams in my classes, I'm sure his dreams have not been about me.)

It's a dream that apparently spans the generations and usually involves high school or college, sometimes both. And, oddly, it seems to haunt us decades after we last sat in a classroom.

For most people, including me, it goes like this: We've signed up for a course that we never attend, or we forget we enrolled in it. When final-exam day approaches, we are panic-stricken because we never went to any of the lectures, never took notes and never did the readings or assignments. (In one bizarre twist, some people report that they show up on final exam day naked - perhaps feeling vulnerable?)

For some, the course is one in which we did poorly in real life. Others dream of a subject in which they actually did well but had worried about failing.

"I've had these dreams during and since college," Hirshfield says. "I even have them when I am not anxious about anything. It's one of those universal dreams. I think everybody has them."

I think she's right. But why is the dream so common? I couldn't find any research on the topic - surprising, because the dream seems like natural fodder for psychologists. I talked to a few experts who also were unaware of studies examining this dream. In the absence of peer-reviewed findings, however, they were willing to offer a few thoughts, stressing that their ideas were nothing more than opinion and speculation.

"I think those who have it tend to be professional and were successful students," says Judy Willis, a neurologist and teacher who lives in Santa Barbara, Calif., and who wrote about the dream in a 2009 Psychology Today blog post. "These are people who have demanded a high performance from themselves. The recurrence of the dream correlates with times of stress and pressure, when people feel they have a challenge to achieve.''

Gemma Marangoni Ainslie, an Austin psychoanalyst, agrees. The final exam, she says, "is likely representative of an occasion when the dreamer feels he or she will be tested or measured, and the anxiety is about not measuring up. The dreamer's task in 'awake life' is to translate the final exam to a situation he or she is facing that stirs up concerns about potential failure."

But why school? Why don't we dream about current pressures - grant proposals that are due, impending legal briefs or oral arguments, or newspaper deadlines?

"Emotional memories and impressions made during high-stress experiences are particularly strong, and are further strengthened each time they are recalled and become the place the brain goes when the emotion is evoked," Willis wrote in an email. "Since each new stress in the current day is 'new,' there is not a strong memory circuit that would hook to it in a dream. But there is that strong neural network of previous, similar 'achievement' stress. Since tests are the highest stressors. . . [it] makes sense as the 'go-to' memory when stressed about something equally high stakes in the 'now.' ''

Ainslie theorizes that most of us have these dreams "as an attempt to disguise what it's really about," she says. "The part of yourself that is distressed wants to disguise it, and the easiest way to disguise it is to move backwards."

Ainslie says the school dream is a common one, although it's not the only one that reflects anxiety. "Another common one is being in a car and not being able to put the brakes on," she says. "This one isn't about not measuring up. It's about not being in control, a matter of not being the driver in your life."

Alma Bond, a retired New York psychoanalyst and writer, describes the school dream as a response to "an unconscious memory of an experience for which we were totally unprepared," adding that it's possible "we unconsciously remember a time when we did fail some test or other, and are afraid we will repeat the failure."

My son, 26, is the only person I know who claims never to have had this dream, and he has a plausible explanation as to why. A serial class-cutter in high school, he says that "skipping classes has always seemed normal to me."

But those of us who are Type A personalities - as well as anyone else with achievement-related stress - may be fated to have this anxiety-producing dream over and over.

Ed Hershey, 72, of Portland, Ore., who spent most of his career in academic communications, recently posted on Facebook of yet another "vividly familiar," periodic, "I-won't-graduate-from-high-school-on-time" anxiety dream. He noted that it struck just a few weeks before his 55th high school reunion.

Forty-seven "friends'' responded, and a dozen of them posted examples of their own variations on the dream. "I guess they [the dreams] never stop, do they?" he says, adding: "At least I know I am not alone."

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You're at the final exam and never attended class. It's that dream again.

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It's an astonishingly common dream. Many of us have it, with numerous reruns throughout our lives. "I never went to class. I never did the work. I never studied. Final is tomorrow. Terrible anxiety," says Susie Drucker Hirshfield, 71, of Stockbridge, Mass., a friend from college. "Or, I'm a freshman.