# data[].attributes.body
He is 39 years old, thin and frail man. Winston had a varicose ulcer above his right ankle. When he was writing in non stop, his ankle was itching very much, and he got cramps after the writing. Lives inn a dilapidated apartment building called Victory Mansions. Where the elevator is always out of service, so Winston has to climb the staircases.
Works at Records Department. He disliked nearly all women, and especially the young and pretty ones. Example: a girl from the Fiction Department. Bold- looking girl of about 27, with thick dark hair, a freckled face, and swift, athletic movements. He hated woman's because he thought they were young, pretty and sexless and he wanted to go in bed with them.

Pessimistic- fatalistic (Says a similarity to "i'm as good as dead")

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His mother had disappeared when he was around 10 years old.  She was a tall, statuesque, rather silent woman with slow movements and magnificent fair hair. and died for almost 30 years ago but was a loving caring mother. His father he remembered more vaguely as dark and thin, dressed always in neat dark clothes, thin soles in the shoes and wearing spectacles. He had a little sister where the memory's where short. he remembered that she was a tiny, feeble baby, always silent, with large, watchful eyes.

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member of the Inner Party. Holder of important post. He was large, burly man with a thick neck and a coarse, humorous, brutal face. he had a trick of resettling his spectacles on his nose which was curiously disarming and he had a certain charm of manner.

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the enemy of the people. the little sandy- haired woman gave a squeak of mingled fear and disgust. Goldstein was the renegade and backslider who once had been the leading figures of the party. He engaged in counterrevolutionary activities, and had condemned to death. After that he mysteriously escaped and disappeared. He was the primal traitor inn the program of the two minutes hate. Goldstein was a commander of a vast shadowy army and a author which circulated clandestinely here and there.

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a colorless, crushed- looking woman, with wispy hair and a lined face. she was a wife of a neighbor on the same floor, looked older, but was around 30. Has a husband named Tom. Have to children one handsome, tough- looking boy of nine with a fake gun and a small sister, about two years younger and with a fragment of wood.

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He was a fellow employee at the Ministry of Truth. He was a fattish but active man of paralyzing stupidity. at 35 he had been unwillingly evicted from the Youth League, and before graduating into the Youth League he had managed to stay on in the Spies fro a year beyond the statutory age. at the Ministry he was employed in some subordinate post for which intelligence was not required. He was a leading figure on the Sports Committee , who organized activities, demonstrations and campaigns.

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precise- looking, dark- chinned man. Working steadily away with a folded newspaper on his knee and his mouth very close to the mouthpiece of the speak write. Works in the Records Department.

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he works at Research department. he was a philologist, a specialist in new speaker. he was one of the enormous team of experts now engaged in compiling the eleventh edition of the new speak dictionary. he was a tiny creature, smaller than Winston, with dark hair and large, protuberant eyes, at once mournful and derisive, which seemed to search your face closely while he was speaking to you.
he was dead, abolished, an unperson.

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she was a tall, fair- haired girl, very straight, with splendid movements. she had a bold, aquiline face, a face that one might have called noble until one discovered that there was a nearly as possible nothing behind it.

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aged 63 and inhabited this shop for thirty years. poems

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a bold- looking girl, with thick dark hair, a freckled face, and swift athletic movements. a narrow scarlet sash, emblem of the junior anti- sex league, was wound several times around the waist of her overalls, just tightly enough to bring out the shapeliness of her hips.

a girl Winston liked, think she is the one who stalked Winston. They were hiding from others because of her age at 26. She lived in a hostel with 30 other girls.

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The Party – the controller of the superstate – “seeks power entirely for its own sake.” As an official admits: “We are not interested in the good of others; we are interested solely in power, pure power.”

The danger of totalitarianism: it's dangerous because the government attempts and also has control over the lives of its citizens.

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The political power of language is apparent in propaganda, linguistic stereotyping and though verbal nuances such...

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they don`t know if they are married, have a family or so on.
As Julia observes, the Party polices sexual relationships because it realizes that the hysteria caused by sexual frustration can be harnessed into war fever and leader-worship. Because of this, when Winston and Julia make love they think of it as a political act, "a blow struck against the Party." The sadistic fantasies Winston has about Julia before they begin their affair indicate the strong link between sexual repression and violence.

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While the Party’s primary tool for manipulating the populace is the control of history, they also control independence and identity. For example, the basic traits of establishing one’s identity are unavailable to Winston and the other citizens of Oceania. Winston does not know how old he is. He does not know whether he is married or not. He does not know whether his mother is alive or dead. None of his childhood memories are reliable, because he has no photos or documents to help him sort real memories from imagined ones. Instead of being unique individuals with specific, identifying details, every member of the Outer Party is identical. All Party members wear the same clothing, smoke the same brand of cigarettes, drink the same brand of gin, and so forth. As such, forming a sense of individual identity is not only psychologically challenging, but logistically difficult.

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the elite Inner Party, the industrious Outer Party, and vast numbers of uneducated proles.
When Winston reads Goldstein's book, he learns that the history of humankind has been a cyclical struggle between competing social groups: the High, the Middle, and the Low.
the Middle group is to change places with the High, which they do by enlisting the support of the Low group. After the Middle group seizes power in a revolution, they become the High and thrust the Low back into servitude. Eventually a new Middle group splits off and the cycle begins again.

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Born in Bengal. pseudonym of Eric Blair 1903-50

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Educated at Eton.
After service with the Indian imperial police in Burma, he returned to Europe to earn his living penning novels and essays. he served in the Loyalist forces in the Spanish Civil War.

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He was essentially a political writer and a man and intense feelings and fierce hates.

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His works include a novel based on his experiences as a colonial policeman.
Burmese Days: two firsthand studies of poverty, Down and out in Paris and London and the road to Wigan pier.
an account of his experiences in the Spanish Civil War.
homepage to Caralonia, and the extraordinary novel of political prophecy whose title became part of out language.

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after the studies at the universities of Heidelberg, Much, and Frankfurt, completed his professional training at the Psychoanalytic institute in Berlin. In 1934 he left Nazi Germany for the United States and taught at a number of prominent institutions before joining the psychology fault of New York university. he worked there form 1962 to 1980. His most influential work are Escape from freedom (1947).

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The person tells a story but uses pronouns as he, she, him...

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a old mansion build around 1930, and were falling to pieces. the plaster flaked constantly, from ceilings and walls, the pips burst in every hard frost, the roof leaked whenever there was snow, the heating system was usually running at half steam when it was not closed down altogether from motives of economy.

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it was bigger than Winston's. they had a battered, trampled- on look, as though the place had just been visited by some large violent animal. had football and hockey stuff lied down on the floor dirty dishes and dog- eared exercise books.

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low ceiling, deep under ground, the lunch queue jerked slowly forward. the room was already very full and deafeningly noisy. from the grille at the counter the steam of stew came pouring forth, with a sour metallic smell which did not quite overcome the fumes of Victory Gin. On the far side of the room there was a small bar, a mere hole in the wall, where gin could be bought at ten cents the large nip.

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The setting of 1984 is the fictional country of Oceania some time in the future. Orwell, having written the book in 1948 project this future as the year 1984. Oceania is one of three world powers; the other two are Eurasia and Eastasia.

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All of the events of the novel take place in a fictionalized version of London at some unspecified time in the future. Within the novel, London is the capitol of a province called Airstrip One, which is itself part of the nation of Oceania. Oceania is one of three world powers, and is composed of the Americas, the Atlantic islands including the British Isles, Australasia, and the southern portion of Africa. The other two world powers are Eastasia, composed of China, Japan, and parts of Manchuria, Mongolia, and Tibet; and Eurasia, composed of the northern part of the European and Asiatic land-mass, from Portugal to the Bering Strait. We might assume from the title that the novel is set in the year 1984, but we never actually know for sure. Because of the way that the Ingsoc Party controls and rewrites history, Winston does not know what the year is, but only suspects that it is 1984.

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Even seemingly minor details and images in the novel uphold its gloomy, pessimistic tone. Orwell loads the apartments and workplaces of the novel with foul smells, noise, and a lack of privacy

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The mood of 1984 is extremely sorrowful and full of despair for the situation that the characters are going through. The government is controlling all aspects of their lives and it is dreary throughout. The reign of the totalitarian government is developed in detail throughout the entirety of the novel in different settings.

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To the future or to the past, to a time when thought is free, when men are different from one another and do not live alone- to a time when truth exists and what is done cannot be undone: from the age of uniformity, from the age of solitude, from the age of Big Brother, from the age of double-think- greetings!

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Thought crime does not entail death: thought crime IS death.

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it was three years ah. it was on a dark evening, in a narrow side street near one of the big railway stations. she was standing near a doorway in the wall, under a street lamp that hardly gave any light. she had a young face, painted very thick. it was really the paint that appealed to me, the whiteness of it, like a mask, and the bright red lips. party woman never point their faces. there was nobody else in the street, and no telescreens. she said two dollars, I-

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i went with her through the doorway and across a backyard into a basement kitchen. there was a bed against the wall, and a lamp on the table, turned down very slow. she-

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She threw herself down on the bed, and at once, without any kind of preliminary, in the most coarse, horrible way you can imagine, pulled up her skirt. i-

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i turned up the lamp. when i saw her in the light she was quite an old woman, fifty years old at least. but i went ahead and did it just the same.

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he pressed his fingers against his eyelids again. he had written it down at last, but it made no differences the therapy had not worked. the urge to shout fifthly words at the top of his voice was as strong as ever.

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if there is hope (wrote Winston) it lies in the proles.

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until they become conscious they will never rebel, and until after they have rebelled they cannot become conscious.

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in the old days (it ran), before the glorious Revolution, London was not the beautiful city that we know today. it was a dark, dirty, miserable place where hardly anybody had enough to eat and where hundreds and thousands of poor people had no boots on their feet and not even a roof to sleep under: Children no older that you are had to work twelve hours a day for cruel masters, who flogged them with whips if they worked too slowly and fed them on nothing but stale bread crusts and water, but in among all this terrible poverty there were just a few great big beautiful houses that were lived in by rich men who had as many as thirty servants to look after them. these rich men were called capitalists. they were fat, ugly men with wicked faces, like the on in the picture on the opposite page. you can see that he is dressed in a long black coat which was called a frock coat, and a queer, shiny hat shaped like a stovepipe, which was called a top hat. this was the uniform of the capitalists, and no one else was allowed to wear it. the capitalists owned everything in the world, and everyone else was their slave. they owned all the land, all the houses, all the factories, and all the money. if anyone disobeyed them they could throw him into prison, or they could take his job away and starve him to death. when any ordinary person spoke to a capitalist he had to cringe and bow to him, and take off his cap and address his as "sir" The chief of all the capitalist was called the King, and-

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i understand HOW; i do not understand WHY.

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freedom is the freedom to say that two plus two make four. if that is granted, all else follows.

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War is peace
Freedom is slavery
Ignorance is strength

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Big Brother represents the power of the party, and the pinnacle of the propaganda machine.

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is a symbol from the book. The posters represent power and omniscience (allvitenhet) of the parties or he can be represented as a protector where he protects them from hurting themselves or from the society of bad thoughts.

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Big tv inn all the personal rooms. Its a symbol of suppression of the power inn the use of technology.

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reference to English Socialism, Big Brother as a reference to Stalin, Goldstein as a reference to Trotsky

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the criticisms of totalitarianism (specifically Soviet Russia) and war behind the story of the Party and Oceania

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the manipulation of truth becoming the truth in literature

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Chapter 2, Orwell describes the 'Spies,' a group of children whose purpose it is to gather information on members of the community and report misconduct to the Party. This is an allusion to the Hitler Youth of Nazi Germany.

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For instance, after Winston and Julia find the room above the cafe, a room where they can be isolated from the evil dystopian society, Orwell writes, 'The room was a world, a pocket of the past where extinct animals could walk.' What makes this a metaphor is the wording: the room is a world. Not 'like a world' or 'as big as a world,' but a world in itself. Orwell saves his use of metaphor for only the biggest of ideas in 1984. Using it to describe the room shows the reader how important it is to the novel.

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Historical Context ‘1984’ was written between the years of 1947-48, only 2-3 years after the end of World War II. Published in 1949. This conflict of immense proportions, the outcome of which was critical to the survival of democracy, inspired George Orwell to consider the tenuousness of the people’s rule

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When it is written and the surroundings.

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a system of government that is centralized and dictatorial and requires complete subservience to the state.

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a theory or system of social organization in which all property is owned by the community and each person contributes and receives according to their ability and needs.

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Democratic socialism is defined as having a socialist economy in which the means of production are socially and collectively owned or controlled alongside a liberal democratic political system of government. Democratic socialists reject most self-described socialist states and Marxism–Leninism.

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a person who imagines or foresees a state or society where there is great suffering or injustice.

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the suppression or prohibition of any parts of books, films, news, etc. that are considered obscene, politically unacceptable, or a threat to security.

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(Excellent) Double plus good- plus good- good (root) - ungood- plus ungood - double plus ungood (terrible)

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Language as a means to control thought (New speak)

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Language as a means to control thought (New speak)

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Language influences thought to control the society because he want's the society to be under his control where everyone think equality and don't get to have so much feelings. this helps him to get more control and power.

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Julia- personal rebellion where she is only thinking about her self
Winston- more for the society

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a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking 13. Winston chin nuzzled into his breast in an effort to escape the vile wind, slipped quickly in through the glass doors of Victory Mansions. The hallway smelt of boiled cabbage and old rag mats.

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The ones that tortures people.

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where wars are planned

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is a lie because rations for people are always running out. Ministries hold the truth about the government: it's a big lie. These buildings are also used to help suppress some instances of free thought or speech.

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Surveillance societies are societies which function, in part, because of the extensive collection, recording, storage, analysis and application of information on individuals and groups in those societies as they go about their lives.

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They control the citizens with the police enforcement and uses psychological manipulation to control the citizens. We can see examples like thought police and brain washing where they forget their past.

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It is a symbol of hope. He is often imagine her giving birth to the future generation that are going to save their people and challenge the authority