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Unit 2 L5 Predicting the Weather Quick Check Guide

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Isobar - lines that connects places of equal pressure

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Isobar - lines that connects places of equal pressure

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Isobars are lines of equal atmospheric pressure drawn on a meteorological map. Each line passes through a pressure of a given value, provided certain rules are followed.

Isobar Rules

The rules for drawing isobars are:

1. Isobar lines may never cross or touch.

2. Isobar lines may only pass through pressures of 1000 + or - 4. In other words, allowable lines are 992, 996, 1000, 1004, 1008, and so on.

3. The atmospheric pressure is given in millibars (mb). One millibar = 0.02953 inches of mercury.

4. Pressure lines are usually corrected for sea level so any differences in pressure due to altitude are ignored.

The picture shows an advanced weather map with isobar lines drawn on it. Notice that it is easy to locate high- and low-pressure zones as a result of the lines on the maps. Also remember that winds flow from high to low areas, so this gives meteorologists a chance to predict local wind patterns as well.

Try drawing your own weather maps at Jetstream - The Online Meteorology School.

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Isobars are lines of equal atmospheric pressure drawn on a meteorological map. Each line passes through a pressure of a given value, provided certain rules are followed. The rules for drawing isobars are: Isobar lines may never cross or touch. Isobar lines may only pass through pressures of 1000 + or - 4.

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Isotherm - lines that connect places of equal temperature

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Isotherm - lines that connect places of equal temperature

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Isotherms are lines that connect points of equal temperature on weather maps, so at every point along a given isotherm the temperature values are the same. The word originates from Greek, where isos means equal and therm means heat. Isotherms are created from regularly scheduled, simultaneous temperature readings at different locations. For a proper comparison between the observation places, the measured temperature values are corrected for each location as if it was located at sea level. Isotherms help to visualize and interpret the horizontal temperature distribution of an area by showing patterns of temperature on a weather or oceanography map. Constructing a map of isotherms is an elementary step in temperature data analysis, and the process in general is called contouring. It can also be done for other parameters such as barometric pressure ( isobars ), geopotential height (isohypses), dew point temperature (isodrosotherms), wind speed (isotachs), and salinity (isohalines).

Isotherms are always smooth, labeled with the values, and mostly parallel to each other. Although the interval between the isotherms is arbitrarily chosen, within the same map it is a constant, and usually a round value. The value is selected such that the contour map both contains enough contours to show the patterns, and yet it is not crowded with too many lines. Because data is available only in the temperature observation points, interpolation should be used to create the isotherms between the measurement points. On the other hand, extrapolation to areas where no data is available is not acceptable. An isotherm should never split, cross, or touch another isotherm, because then at the crossing point it would have two different temperature values, which is physically impossible. Sometimes, contour maps are enhanced using color filling, when the area between pairs of isotherms is filled with special colors, so a particular color denotes the range of values between the two temperature values.

The relative spacing of the isotherms indicates the temperature gradient, the amount by which the temperature values vary across each unit of horizontal distance, in a direction perpendicular to the isotherms. The gradient is larger where the isotherms are closer. From the contour maps, areas of large gradient (regions where the temperature is changing quickly), as well as flat fields (regions where the temperature variation is not much) can be easily identified.

See also Isobars; Temperature and temperature scales

isotherm A line on a climate map connecting points of equal average temperature.

isotherm Line on a climate map connecting points of equal average temperature.

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Isotherm Isotherms are lines that connect points of equal temperature on weather maps, so at every point along a given isotherm the temperature values are the same. The word originates from Greek, where isos means equal and therm means heat.

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meteorologist - A meteorologist is a person who has received a specialized education to use scientific principles to explain, understand, observe, and forecast the earth's atmospheric phenomena and how this affects the earth and life on the planet.

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meteorologist - A meteorologist is a person who has received a specialized education to use scientific principles to explain, understand, observe, and forecast the earth's atmospheric phenomena and how this affects the earth and life on the planet.

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While most people know a meteorologist is a person who is trained in the atmospheric or weather sciences, many may not be aware that there is more to a meteorologist's job than simply forecasting the weather.

A meteorologist is a person who has received a specialized education to use scientific principles to explain, understand, observe, and forecast the earth's atmospheric phenomena and how this affects the earth and life on the planet. Weathercasters, on the other hand, do not have specialized educational backgrounds and merely disseminate weather information and forecasts prepared by others.

Although not many people do it, it's rather easy to become a meteorologist -all you need to do is earn a bachelor's, master's, or even doctorate in meteorology or in atmospheric sciences. After completing a degree in the field, meteorologists can apply to work for science research centers, news stations, and a variety of other government jobs related to climatology.

Jobs in the Field of Meteorology

While meteorologists are well-known for issuing your forecasts, this is only one example of the jobs that they do-they also report on the weather, prepare weather warnings, study long-term weather patterns, and even teach others about meteorology as professors.

Broadcast meteorologistsreport the weather for television, which is a popular career choice as it is entry-level, which means you only need a Bachelor's degree to do it (or sometimes, no degree at all); on the other hand, forecasters are responsible for preparing and issuing weather forecasts as well as watches and warnings, to the public.

Climatologists look at long-term weather patterns and data to help assess past climate and to predict future climate trends while research meteorologists include storm chasers and hurricane hunters and require a Master's degree or a Ph.D. Research meteorologists generally work for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Weather Service (NWS), or another government agency.

Some meteorologists, like forensic or consulting meteorologists, are hired for their expertise in the field to help other professionals. Forensic meteorologists investigate claims for insurance companies on past weather or research past weather conditions pertaining to court cases in a court of law while consulting meteorologists are hired on by retailers, film crews, large corporations, and other non-weather companies to provide weather guidance on a variety of projects.

Still, other meteorologists are more specialized. Incident Meteorologistswork with firefighters and emergency management personnel by providing onsite weather support during wildfires and other natural disasters while tropical meteorologistsfocus on tropical storms and hurricanes.

Finally, those with a passion for meteorology and education can help to create future generations of meteorologists by becoming a meteorology teacher or professor.

Salaries and Compensation

Meteorologist salaries vary depending on position (entry level or experienced) and the employer (federal or private) but typically range from $31,000 to over $150,000 per year; most meteorologists working in the United States can expect to make $51,000 on average.

Meteorologists in the United States are most often employed by either the National Weather Service, which offers between 31 to 65 thousand dollars per year; Rockwell Collins, which offers 64 to 129 thousand dollars per year; or the U.S. Air Force (USAF), which offers salaries of 43 to 68 thousand annually.

There are many reasons to become a meteorologist, but ultimately, decided to become a scientist who studies climate and the weather should come down to your passion for the field-if you love weather data, meteorology might be the ideal career choice for you.

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While most people know a meteorologist is a person who is trained in the atmospheric or weather sciences, many may not be aware that there is more to a meteorologist's job than simply forecasting the weather.

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Unit 2 L5 Guided Notes Predicting the weather

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Unit 2 L5 Completed Guided Notes Predicting the weather

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Do you use satellites to tell the weather

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Ava explains how weather balloons are used to predict weather

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Ken Weathers - Doppler Radar Explanation