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What is a blog?
a regularly updated website or web page, typically one run by an individual or small group, that is written in an informal or conversational style.

Example of blog -
http://feminismandgenderequality.tumblr.com/ -

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What is a wiki?
It is a website or database developed collaboratively by a community of users, allowing any user to add and edit content.

Address of wiki

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

Purpose and features of the wiki

A wiki invites all users—not just experts—to edit any page or to create new pages within the wiki Web site, using only a standard "plain-vanilla" Web browser without any extra add-ons.

Wiki promotes meaningful topic associations between different pages by making page link creation intuitively easy and showing whether an intended target page exists or not.

A wiki is not a carefully crafted site created by experts and professional writers, and designed for casual visitors. Instead, it seeks to involve the typical visitor/user in an ongoing process of creation and collaboration that constantly changes the website landscape.

Examples of other wikis

Baidu Baike

Baike.Com

Memory Alpha

Sensei's Library

Tv Tropes

Wikibooks

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What are the four different examples of web 2.0 applications

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What are the four different examples of web 2.0 applications

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Hosted services, of which Google Maps is the prime example.

Web applications (e.g., Internet-based word processing, spreadsheets, slide shows), including OpenOffice, Google Docs, and Flickr.

Social networking. The online communities MySpace and Facebook are the most popular social network sites used primarily by pre-college (MySpace) and older audiences (Facebook), respectively.

Video sharing sites, of which YouTube is the most popular example.

Content Syndication (RSS). True to its name, Really Simple Syndication (RSS) is a simple yet powerful way to feed information across the Web in a news-channel format that can deliver text, audio, pictorial, and video content. Podcasting is a form of RSS; blogs and wikis also can create RSS news channels. Web-based news aggregators are NewsGator, Google Reader, and Bloglines. Moreover, the latest versions of the browsers have RSS readers built in.

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Web 2.0 applications are comprised of a wide variety of software and server solutions.  They do have some common features including:

Allows users to provide reliable content, e.g. http:// www. wikipedia .com

Gives the users the ability to manipulate and enhance that content

Focus on participation rather than publishing

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What is Social Networking: Social networking is the use of dedicated websites and applications to interact with other users, or to find people with similar interests to one's own.
Examples of Social Networking Websites:
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/
Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/
Purpose of Social Networking Websites:
The purpose of a social networking website is to connect with people over the internet.

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Three main areas of focus

Interpersonal computing -- involving person-to-person interactions facilitated via websites that enable collaborative content creation, sharing and manipulation.

Web services -- involving application-to-application (and hence organization-to-organization) data and service exchanges facilitated by automated connections between web servers and other Internet technology.

Software as a service (SaaS) -- involving human interactions with digital content facilitated by applications delivered over the web and that free the user from locally installed software.

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The three main areas are:
-Interpersonal computing
-Web services
-Software as a service (SaaS)

What does it allow users to do?

1. Folksonomy : Free Classification of Information

2. Rich User Experience

3. User as a Contributor

4. Long Tail

5. User Participation

6. Basic Trust

7. Dispersion

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Up to date breakdown of the market share

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Up to date breakdown of the market share

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A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for retrieving, presenting and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI/URL) that may be a web page, image, video or other piece of content.

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What is it?
an email system in which a user can access their emails via a browser on any computer or device that is connected to the Internet.

Examples
Gmail, Outlook, yahoo, zoho mail

How does it work?
Runs off of web server

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Who invented the web browser?
Tim Berners-Lee called WorldWideWeb renamed Nexus
Purpose of a web browser?
- Provides the resources using WWW.
- Fetches data from servers such as web pages,images, videos and displays them to the user.
- Allows users to navigate through there browsers using hyperlinks and various resources.
Timeline Of Browsers:
WWW or Nexus - 1990
Mosaic Netscape - 1994
Internet Explorer - 1995
MAC Internet Explorer - 1996
Mozilla - 1999
Phoenix - 2002
Safari - 2003
Maxthon - 2004
Lunascape - 2005
Netsurf - 2007
Chrome - 2008
Edge - 2015

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Cloud Computing

What does cloud computing refer to?
Cloud computing refers to the practice of programs and data being stored over the internet instead of a computer’s hard drive. It is a type of internet based computing that shares resources and data to computers and devices.

Advantages of Cloud Computing:

Reliability: Since cloud computing is managed by an organisation, it is much more reliable than a computer setup at home.

Cost Saving:

Disadvantge

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- shares many similar features with POP3
- It, too, is a protocol that an email client can use to download email from an email server
- IMAP includes many more features than POP3
- IMAP protocol is designed to let users keep their email on the server

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1. A PC is a collection of hardware while a server can either be hardware or software
2. A single PC can host multiple servers at the same time but with a limited number of users
3. Most serious businesses utilized high end servers with hardware that are not usually found in PCs to cope with great demands
4. Servers are kept running for weeks or months at a time and requires redundant systems to cope with failure

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When you download e-mails to your e-mail program the program will connect to a server on the net that is known as a POP3 server.

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Squid
Free proxy
Wingate
Ezproxy
Privoxy

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To hide the IP address of the client computer so that it can surf anonymous, this is mostly for security reasons. A proxy server can act as an intermediary between the user's computer and the Internet to prevent from attack and unexpected access.

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A web server’s main purpose is to store web site files and broadcast them over the internet for you site visitor’s to see. In essence, a web server is simply a powerful computer that stores and transmits data via the internet. When someone visits a web page on your site their browser communicates with your web server, sending and receiving information that ultimately dictates what appears on the visitor’s computer screen. Thus, the main purpose of a web server is to store and transfer web site data upon the request of a visitor’s browser.

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What is a router and what does it do?
A router is a hardware device that forwards data packets through a network. It is commonly connected to two networks a LAN and its ISP network.
Routing table?
A routing table contains information about packets destination, origin and the IP address of where the packets are forwarded to.
Integrated service router?
Are built to accommodate branched offices that use rich media over a WAN such as video conferencing and virtualization services.

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If you are wanting to surf the web anonymously then proxies can provide you with a means to hide your home IP address from the rest of the world. By connecting to the internet through proxies, the home IP address of your machine will not be shown but rather the IP of the proxy server will be shown. This can provide you with more privacy then if you were simply connecting directly to the internet.

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- handles and delivers e-mail over a network
- A mail server can receive e-mails from client computers and deliver them to other mail servers
- A client computer is normally the computer where you read your e-mails (this also includes phones n that)

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1. Shared Hosting
2. VPS Hosting

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What else must be considered if the user mistypes the website address?

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What else must be considered if the user mistypes the website address?

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The user doesn't mistype a different address in and get lost onto another page. You must also make sure that your domain name is unique as you want to avoid copyright infringement as it an have an affect on your company. A good way to avoid this is to go onto copyright. gov and search the domain name before you buy it.

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What must be considered when choosing a domain name?

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What must be considered when choosing a domain name?

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1. Make it easy to type. Finding a domain name that's easy to type is critical to online success.

2. Keep it short.

3. Use keywords.

4. Target your area.

5. Avoid numbers and hyphens.

6. Be memorable.

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Web Hosting - What is Web Hosting? - Web hosting is a service that allows organizations and individuals to post a website or web page onto the Internet. A web host, or web hosting service provider, is a business that provides the technologies and services needed for the website or webpage to be viewed in the Internet. Websites are hosted, or stored, on special computers called servers. When Internet users want to view your website, all they need to do is type your website address or domain into their browser. Their computer will then connect to your server and your webpages will be delivered to them through the browser. 

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Web Hosting - What is Web Hosting? - Web hosting is a service that allows organizations and individuals to post a website or web page onto the Internet. A web host, or web hosting service provider, is a business that provides the technologies and services needed for the website or webpage to be viewed in the Internet. Websites are hosted, or stored, on special computers called servers. When Internet users want to view your website, all they need to do is type your website address or domain into their browser. Their computer will then connect to your server and your webpages will be delivered to them through the browser. 

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1965: Two computers at MIT Lincoln Lab communicate with one another using packet-switching technology.

1972: BBN’s Ray Tomlinson introduces network email. The Internetworking Working Group (INWG) forms to address need for establishing standard protocols.

1973: Global networking becomes a reality as the University College of London (England) and Royal Radar Establishment (Norway) connect to ARPANET. The term Internet is born.

1974: The first Internet Service Provider (ISP) is born with the introduction of a commercial version of ARPANET, known as Telenet.

1982: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP), as the protocol suite, commonly known as TCP/IP, emerge as the protocol for ARPANET. This results in the fledgling definition of the Internet as connected TCP/IP internets. TCP/IP remains the standard protocol for the Internet.

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Where do domain names appear in website addresses?

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Where do domain names appear in website addresses?

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It is located an Internet address for "totalbaseball. com" at Internet point 199.0.0.2 and a particular host server named "www."

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Why are domain names preferred over IP addresses?

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Why are domain names preferred over IP addresses?

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In IPv4, an IP address is made up of 12 decimal numbers ranging in value from 1 to 256. Think of all the websites you go to. Do you think you could remember the IP address for each one of them?

In IPv6, an IP address is made up of up to 24 hexidecimal numbers ranging in value of 0000 to ffff. Imagine trying to remember that.

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What is the role of an ISP?
Internet Service Providers (ISP) are organizations that provide services for accessing and using the internet. ISP can be organized in various forms such as commercial, community owned, non-profit or privately owned.
Examples of ISPs
BT Broadband: £25/mo - £45/mo  17mb/s to 76mb/s
Virgin Media: £32.25/mo - £50.25/mo  50mb/s to 200mb/s
Sky Broadband: £18.99/mo - £35/mo  17mb/s to 76mb/s

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To identify a website you must first look for a Domain name. Domain names are used to identify one or more IP addresses. For example, the domain name Microsoft. com represents about a dozen IP addresses. Domain names are used in URLs to identify particular Web pages.

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The internet
- a massive network of networks, a networking infrastructure.
- connects millions of computers together globally
- forming a network in which any computer can communicate with any other computer as long as they are both connected to the Internet

The world wide web
-  a way of accessing information over the medium of the Internet.
-  an information-sharing model that is built on top of the Internet.
- uses the HTTP protocol
- The Web also utilizes browsers, such as Internet Explorer or Firefox,