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Who: Europeans
What: Some pushed out of country for war or religious persecution
Why: Introduced different races into America and made it a more diverse country
When: 1871-1921
Where: America (Coming from Europe)
How: Immigrated from various countries, coming through Ellis Island
Citation: study.com/academy/lesson/old-and-new-immigrants-in-the-us-definition-overview.html

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Who: Island of the coast of New York
What: Most important point of immigration during a surge of American immigration
Why: Represented America to millions of immigrants and a new and better life
When: 1892-1954
Where: New York, New York
How: European immigrants came through immigration at this checkpoint
Citation: www.exploregenealogy.co.uk/ellis-island-american-immigration.html

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Who: Government and its people
What: Term in capitalism that means hands off
Why: Government stays out of the economy (for the most part), which creates the important separation of economy and state that is needed for any good economy
When: Reached apex in 1870's
Where: America
How: By the government staying out of the economy it is less restricted, being able to create/buy/sell whatever
Citation: www.u-s-history.com/pages/h844.html

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Who: Founder of Standard Oil company
What: One of the wealthiest men in the history of the world, really jump started the oil industry
Why: John also set the precedent for what a monopoly was by buying out other smaller companies, eliminating competition
When: Born 1839, died 1937
Where: Richford, NY
How: Progressed America into the next era by giving light to every home, past dark
Citation: www.history.com/topics/john-d-rockefeller

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Who: American Industrialist
What: Created a massive steel industry that amassed him a fortune
Why: By creating so much steel many building and bridges that were not able to be made before were constructed, such as skyscrapers
When: Born 1835, died 1919
Where: Dunfermline, United Kingdom
How: Gave America prestige with some of the most impressive structures in the world
Citation: www.history.com/topics/andrew-carnegie

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Who: Powerful banker in his era
What: Financed many railroads and organized big companies
Why: Using his influence he helped to stabilize American financial markets during economic crises
When: 1837-1913
Where: Hartford, CT
How: With all his money he was able to influence the economy so greatly, he could almost control it
Citation: www.history.com/topics/john-pierpont-morgan

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Who: Scottish born American scientist
What: Inventor of the telephone
Why: This massive change in communication made it easier, cheaper, and faster to communicate, which saved lives and increased productivity
When:1847-1922
Where: Edinburgh, United Kingdom
How: Inventing the telephone increased worldwide productivity that is still used today
Citation: www.history.com/topics/inventions/alexander-graham-bell

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Who: American Inventor
What: A great inventor who has over 1,093 United States patents, most ever
Why: His arguably most important invention, the light bulb, made it possible to safely work past dark and utilized electricity, which was renewable
When: 1847-1931
Where: Milan, OH
How: His inventions pushed America into the next era like silicon valley today
Citation: www.history.com/topics/inventions/thomas-edison

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Who: American Inventors
What: Achieved first powered, sustained and controlled airplane flight
Why: Created a faster mode of transportation that will, and would save countless hours of peoples lives
When: 1903
Where: Kitty Hawk
How: Making something faster than a train saved people's time travelling from place to place
Citation: www.history.com/topics/inventions/wright-brothers

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Who: Inventor and Engineer
What: Developed first process of making steel inexpensively
Why: Making steel inexpensive led to a boom of the steel industry that led to improved American infrastructure
When: 1813-1898
Where: Charlton, United Kingdom
How: Steel is stronger than anything that had been used before in buildings
Citation: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Bessemer

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Who: People of America
What: Eliminating corruption in the government, targeted political machines and their bosses
Why: Led to political reform that was much needed and social activism that would inspire other movements
When: 1890's to 1920's
Where: America
How: By democratically protesting the majority of people got what they wanted, a true democracy
Citation: https://www.boundless.com/u-s-history/textbooks/boundless-u-s-history-textbook/the-progressive-era-1890-1917-22/the-progressive-era-165/the-progressive-era-906-9652/

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Who: Journalists
What: Exposed America's problems brought on by rapid industrialization
Why: Created public awareness of corruption, abuses of power. This exposure led to reform
When: 1900 to 1917
Where: America
How: Publishing papers on political injustices called for reform from the people
Citation: http://study.com/academy/lesson/the-muckrakers-of-the-progressive-era-definition-and-influence.html

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Who: A political process
What: Enables citizens to bypass their state legislature by placing proposed statute
Why: Lets people vote directly on if they want something in their state, rather than going through the state
When: 1898
Where: South Dakota
How: Puts a section on the ballot explaining what you'd be voting for
Citation: http://www.ncsl.org/research/elections-and-campaigns/initiative-referendum-and-recall-overview.aspx

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Who: Electorate
What: Direct vote on a particular proposal
Why: Could result in an adoption of a new law just by people directly voting on it
When: 1936
Where: America
How: The people of the country vote on a certain topic
Citation:http://www.ncsl.org/research/elections-and-campaigns/initiative-referendum-and-recall-overview.aspx

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Who: Citizens
What: Remove a political figure from public office by direct state vote
Why: People decide if someone is not doing a good job and can vote them out without reason, other than majority vote
When: 1936
Where: America
How: State takes a direct vote
Citation: http://www.ncsl.org/research/elections-and-campaigns/initiative-referendum-and-recall-overview.aspx

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Who: Labor organization
What: Meant to protect its members from employer retaliations
Why: Gave a base of ideas for workers unions
When: 1869
Where: United States
How: By employees coming together to protect their rights
Citation: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Knights-of-Labor

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Who: Workers
What: Organize skilled workers into national unions, each in the same trade
Why: Made it so that employers could no longer take advantage of their employees
When: 1886
Where: United States
How: Strength in numbers, an entire trade can't quit otherwise the company would not be able to replace all of them
Citation: www.u-s-history.com/pages/h4002.html

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Who: Amendments
What: Things such as price discrimination, price fixing, and unfair business practices
Why: The government starting to take a stand against racial discrimination, not tolerable
When: 1890 and 1914
Where: America
How: Making things equal for all, influenced how future races were treated
Citation: www.investopedia.com/terms/c/clayton-antitrust-act.asp

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Who: Amendment
What: Direct election of U.S. Senators
Why: Gave more power to the people and political parties and one would control power (more national now, less state power)
When: 1913
Where: America
How: Citizens would vote for who they want to be senator
Citation: https://www.archives.gov/legislative/features/17th-amendment

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Who: Nation's Authority
What: Acquisition of territory or controlling of other nations economy
Why: America had power of Spanish colonies it won in battle and could decide what to do with them
When: 1898
Where: Spanish colonies
How: Set America on the world stage as a peacemaker instead of conquer
Citation: https://www.reference.com/government-politics/imperialism-important-3cdbe0a0b7261247

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Who: America and Spain
What: War fought over Spanish territories
Why: Established the United States as a world power
When: 1898
Where: America
How: America had now defeated all the previous imperial countries in Europe
Citation: www.history.com/topics/spanish-american-war

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Who: John Hay
What: Protection of equal privileges among countries trading with China
Why: Made it so that China was not closed off and controlled by trade of one country, but was available to all, improving world economy
When: 1899 and 1900
Where: China
How: By letting all countries trade it boosted everyone's economy
Citation: https://www.britannica.com/event/Open-Door-policy

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Who: President William Howard Taft
What: United States extended international power by guaranteeing loans made to foreign countries
Why: America improved other nations economies with a jump start of money, but America would receive more than lent out
When: 1909
Where: Latin America, East Asia
How: Interest on loans, showed American dominance as they were the ones forwarding the economy
Citation: https://www.britannica.com/event/Dollar-Diplomacy