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Works Cited

Davis, Paul K., and Allen Lee Hamilton. “Hittites.” World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras, ABC-CLIO, 2017, ancienthistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/574518. Accessed 26 Apr. 2017.

Hutchinson, Jennifer. “Hattusas.” World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras, ABC-CLIO, 2017, ancienthistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1262862. Accessed 26 Apr. 2017.

Paul Davis. “Vikings.” World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras, ABC-CLIO, 2017, ancienthistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/589586. Accessed 27 Apr. 2017.

Wolf, Kirsten. “Viking Furniture.” World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras, ABC-CLIO, 2017, ancienthistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1791465. Accessed 28 Apr. 2017.

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https://weaponsandwarfare.com/2015/11/04/the-hittites/

https://www.bibleodyssey.org/en/places/related-articles/hittite-laws-and-texts

https://www.pinterest.com/molokaitita/element-metal/

http://www.keywordsuggests.com/y1kHnbtZxeYJizo9MJICRfflOxLt8842jgj2LdE%7CxgjX08f3PawTFbLJtYmxwFAvMNNHm%7CgvrUUttL*HWb99wA/

https://phillipshakesbymasters.wordpress.com/2011/12/04/111/

http://www.thevikingmuseum.com/viking-longships.html

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Although the Vikings were tough sea men, they had an unorganized government. Though the Vikings' boats were amazing, Hittites had better technology and organized government. They had an organized fighting system, a standing army, a clear system of rulers, and had some great resources. So the winner of this competition is... Hittites!!!

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Hittites had a better government system because they lived in a united kingdom, not in different little groups like the Vikings did.

Vikings had a better way of transportation, and plundering let them become really rich. And also gave them fame and glory.

Hittites had better technology, because they had sewage systems in some of the houses. They had easy wins over their enemy, because the Hittites' iron weapons were stronger than their enemies' bronze weapons.

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History:

The Vikings were a ruthless and aggressive Scandinavian population. The Vikings most likely got their name from raiding. For, in their language, vikingr  translates to pirate. Monasteries were huge targets for the Vikings. They had very little protection, and they had a great amount of wealth inside them, (Paul).

Government:

Vikings would have a Jarl or King. Sometimes the Vikings would have aristocracy. The Jarl would look after and make decisions for the group. The fellow vikings would vote for Jarls. An aristocracy is where there is maybe 2 or 3 rulers with the same equal power ruling, (Paul).

During campaigns the standard amount of time that a soldier would serve was four months per year. Mercenaries were also employed for service from other areas of the world, (Paul).

Also, some ranks of Vikings were called berserkers. They had the will to focus entirely on killing the enemy. They concentrated on killing so much that they were really devastating on the battlefield, (Paul).

Trade and or Economy:

The Vikings used Viking Longships for transportation. These were long, narrow, fast boats that could carry up to 574 men. These boats gave the Vikings an advantage over the enemy. Since they were fast and quick, the Vikings could sneak at night into enemy territory and kill the enemy quickly. The Viking ships usually had about 32 to 50 oars, (Paul).

The Vikings set up settlements at the mouths of the major French rivers. Then they rowed upward to attack others. Paris was a large target for the Vikings. These types of attacks were so successful that they were offered permanent land along the Northeastern coast. That is how the Norsemen became know as the Normans and Normandy became their permanent home, (Paul).

The Vikings were paid what they pillaged. So really well trained Vikings could be the most richest Vikings. Danegeld, tax or tribute, would usually be collected. The Dangeld would usually be hundreds or thousands of pounds of silver, (Paul).

Technology:

The Vikings used several different weapons and armor. They would wear cone-like helmets and sometimes chainmail armor. They carried either a sword or ax with a round wooden shield with a metal boss in the center to protect the hand. The axes were either double bladed or single bladed. The swords had a Frankish pattern that was double bladed and pretty broad, (Paul).

The Vikings' highway was mainly the oceans. They traveled by boat. The Vikings were excellent at piloting boats through the water. Unlike other seamen, the Vikings could be guided by stars and sun, not by compass, (Paul).

Vikings got their heat from fires. They would burn a fire in the middle of their homes. It was positioned on a slightly raised stone-lined hearth. It was rectangular so it was called a long hearth. Some Vikings would also have ovens in their house for cooking, (Wolf).

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History:

The Hittites came from the Caucasus Mountains, and then eventually they moved down into Asia Minor in 1900 B.C. There, they built a kingdom. This migration possibly started pushing other civilizations more south which could have activated the Hyksos invasions of Egypt. Lots of information about the Hittites comes from cuneiform writing found from ruins in Turkey. The first leader to spread control from Asia minor to the coast was Laberna. He created the Old Hittite kingdom and he made the capital at Hattusas, (Davis).

Technology:

The secret power that the Hittites had was that they figured out the way to smelt iron in large amounts. This was a time where everyone was using bronze weapons. The Hittites had a head start in war because they used iron weapons, (Davis).

Most of the Hittite army was made up of troops and archers riding on chariots. These well trained soldiers fought in a powerful phalanx formation against their enemy, (Davis).

Some mud-brick and wood houses included a drainage system connected to a sewer. The water was stored in deep pots or basins, and was carried through the city by clay pipes, (Hutchinson).

Government:

The Hittite government had a supreme ruler with an aristocracy. They had an early form of feudalism for the basic social and government structure. The king had lords in the feudal system, (Davis).

The lords provided the king with soldiers. The king then held a standing army, unlike medieval Europe, (Davis).

The Hittites would most likely have laws written in cuneiform, (Davis).

Trade and Economy:

The Hittite inhabitants of Hattusas traded gold, silver, copper, and gems for other resources in Mesopotamia, (Hutchinson).

Temples were there for worship of their gods. These also served another purpose, for storage of grains and other goods. These were used as their stable food supply, (Hutchinson).

In the city of Hattusas, they had many small streams to provide water to the city. See technology, third bullet point for more detail, (Hutchinson).

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By: Fletcher Robinson

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The Hittites had a better government and technology, although the Vikings had a more developed economy.