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1. Who: Vaquita Porpoise

2. When: Not extinct, but currently critically endangered

3. Where: Gulf Coast, Mexico

4. What: the smallest species in the porpoise family, looks very similar to dolphins....only about 10 of them left and have a very slow reproductive rate

5. Why: overfishing...they were also mixed up with a similar fish species who's liver can provide fertility in humans

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What? Extinct vertebrate in the bird family Psittacidae
When? The last individual was seen in the wild in 1910 and the last individual of this species died in a Zoo in 1918.
Where? The Carolina parakeet was found from southern New York and Wisconsin to the Gulf of Mexico, from the Atlantic littoral to as far west as eastern Colorado.
Why? Deforestation, hunting, pet trade, introduced honeybees, (poultry disease?)
Source: Wikipedia.org; by: Jimena Golcher-Benavides

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Western Black Rhinos- Heidi Martin and Wylie Kendall

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Western Black Rhinos- Heidi Martin and Wylie Kendall

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Who: Western Black Rhinoceros
What: Extinct
Where: Middle Africa, Eastern Africa, Southern Africa
When: Declared extinct in 2011
Why: These rhinos are heavily hunted because of the value of their horn. Their horns are seen as valuable from old folk lore, medicinal uses, and for cosmetic use. The ivory in their horn is very rare and cannot be found in many other places. Once their horn is gone, they cannot get it back.
Source: endangeredlist.org/animal/western-black-rhinoceros/

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What? Tasmanian Tiger
When? The last Tasmanian tiger was the star of a movie in 1936 at the Hobart zoo, where it died the same year.
Where? Roamed the Australia Plains
Why? Farmers and European colonists hunted the Tasmanian tiger because of the threat it showed towards their sheep. Another reason was the competition for food with the Dingo's

source: https://www.ourendangeredworld.com/species/animals-that-have-become-extinct/

Hailey Smith

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Who? Caribbean monk seal
What? Extinct pinnipedia in the phocidae family
When? The species was oficially declared extinct by the us in 2008 after an extensive 5 year search.
Where? Last confirmed sighting of Caribbean monk seal was 1952 at Serranilla Bank, between Jamaica and Nicaragua. They were native to Caribbean.
Why? Predators (sharks and humans), hunting, and over-fishing of food source.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbean_monk_sealhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbean_monk_sealhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbean_monk_sealhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbean_monk_sealhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbean_monk_seal
By: Emma Jackson

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The Caribbean monk seal (Neomonachus tropicalis), also known as the West Indian seal or sea wolf, was a species of seal native to the Caribbean which is now believed to be extinct. The main natural predators of Caribbean monk seals were large sharks, such as great whites and tiger sharks, and possibly transient orcas (though killer whales are not often sighted in the Caribbean); however, humans would become their most lethal enemy. Overhunting of the monk seals for oil and meat, as well as overfishing of their natural prey, are the likely reasons for the seals' extinction.

The last confirmed sighting of a Caribbean monk seal was in 1952, at Serranilla Bank, in the waters west of Jamaica and off the eastern coast of Nicaragua. In 2008, the species was officially declared extinct by the United States, after an exhaustive five-year search. This analysis was conducted by the National Marine Fisheries Service of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The Caribbean monk seal is closely related to the critically endangered Hawaiian monk seal, a species which is restricted to the central Pacific Ocean surrounding the Hawaiian Islands, and the Mediterranean monk seal, another endangered species, predominantly found in the waters off of Greece.

Drawing of Neomonachus tropicalis

Caribbean monk seals had a relatively large, long, robust body, could grow to nearly 2.4 metres (8 ft) in length and weighed 170 to 270 kilograms (375 to 600 lb). Males were probably slightly larger than females, which is similar to Mediterranean monk seals. Like other monk seals, this species had a distinctive head and face. The head was rounded with an extended broad muzzle. The face had relatively large wide-spaced eyes, upward opening nostrils, and fairly big whisker pads with long light-colored and smooth whiskers. When compared to the body, the animal's foreflippers were relatively short with little claws and the hindflippers were slender. Their coloration was brownish and/or grayish, with the underside lighter than the dorsal area. Adults were darker than the more paler and yellowish younger seals. Caribbean monk seals were also known to have algae growing on their pelage, giving them a slightly greenish appearance, which is similar to Hawaiian monk seals.

Historical records suggest that this species may have "hauled out" at resting areas on land in large social groups, typically 20-40 animals, but sometimes up to 100 individuals, throughout its range. The groups may have been organised based on age and life stage differences. Their diet most likely consisted of fish and crustaceans.

Like other true seals, the Caribbean monk seal was sluggish on land. Its lack of fear of humans, and an unaggressive, curious nature was taken advantage of by human hunters.

Reproduction and longevity

Two young individuals in New York Aquarium, 1910

Caribbean monk seals had a long pupping season, which is typical for pinnipeds living in subtropical and tropical habitats. In Mexico, breeding season peaked in early December. Like other monk seals, this species had four retractable nipples for suckling their young. Newborn pups were probably about 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) in length and weighed 16 to 18 kilograms (35 to 40 lb) and reportedly had a sleek, black lanugo coat when born. It is believed this animal's average lifespan was approximately twenty years.

The Caribbean monk seal nasal mite ( Halarachne americana), was entirely dependent on the seal, living inside of its nasal cavity, and went extinct with it.

Caribbean monk seals were found in warm temperate, subtropical and tropical waters of the Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and the western Atlantic Ocean. They probably preferred to haul out at low sandy beaches above high tide on isolated and secluded atolls and islands, but occasionally would visit the mainland coasts and deeper waters offshore. This species may have fed in shallow lagoons and reefs.

Depiction by Henry W. Elliott from 1884

The first historical mention of the Caribbean monk seal is recorded in the account of the second voyage of Christopher Columbus. In August 1494, a ship laid anchor off the mostly barren island of Alta Velo, south of Hispaniola, where the party of men aboard killed eight seals that were resting on the beach. The second recorded interaction with Caribbean monk seals was Juan Ponce de León's discovery of the Dry Tortugas Islands. On June 21, 1513, when Ponce de León discovered the islands, he ordered a foraging party to go ashore, where the men killed fourteen of the docile seals. There are several more records throughout the colonial period of seals being discovered and hunted at Guadeloupe, the Alacrane Islands, Bahamas, Pedro Cays, and Cuba. As early as 1688, sugar plantation owners sent out hunting parties to kill hundreds of seals every night in order to obtain oil to lubricate the plantation machinery. A 1707 account describes fisherman slaughtering seals by the hundreds for oil to fuel their lamps. By 1850, so many seals had been killed that there were no longer sufficient numbers for them to be commercially hunted.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, scientific expeditions to the Caribbean encountered the Caribbean monk seal. In December 1886, the first recorded scientific expedition to research seals, led by H. A. Ward and Professor F. Ferrari Perez as part of the Mexican Geographical and Exploring Survey, ventured to a small collection of reefs and a small cay known as the Triangles (20.95° N 92.23° W) in search of monk seals. Although the research expedition was in the area for only four days, forty-two specimens were killed and taken away; the two leaders of the expedition sent to museums around the Western world. Two specimens from the encounter survive intact at the British Museum of Natural History, and the Cambridge Zoological Museum, respectively. The expedition also captured a newly born seal pup that died in captivity a week later.

The first Caribbean monk seal to live in captivity for an extended period was a female seal that lived in the New York Aquarium. The seal was captured in 1897 and died in 1903, living in captivity for a total of five and a half years. In 1909, the New York Aquarium acquired four Caribbean monk seals, three of which were yearlings (between one and two years old) and the other a mature male.

Extinction

Through the first half of the 20th century, Caribbean monk seal sightings became much rarer. In 1908, a small group of seals was seen at the once bustling Tortugas Islands. Fishermen captured six seals in 1915, which were sent to Pensacola, Florida, and eventually released. A seal was killed near Key West, Florida in March 1922. There were sightings of Caribbean monk seals on the Texas coast in 1926 and 1932. The last seal recorded to be killed by humans was killed on the Pedro Cays in 1939. Two more seals were seen on Drunken Mans Cay, just south of Kingston, Jamaica, in November 1949. In 1952 the Caribbean monk seal was confirmed sighted for the last time at Serranilla Bank.

The final extinction of the Caribbean monk seal was triggered by two main factors. The most visible factor contributing to the Caribbean monk seals' demise was the nonstop hunting and killing of the seals in the 18th and 19th centuries to obtain the oil held within their blubber. The insatiable demand for seal products in the Caribbean encouraged hunters to slaughter the Caribbean monk seals by the hundreds. The Caribbean monk seals' docile nature and lack of flight instinct in the presence of humans made them very easy to kill. The second factor was the overfishing of the reefs that sustained the Caribbean monk seal population. With no fish or mollusks to feed on, the seals that were not killed by hunters for oil died of starvation. Surprisingly few conservation measures were taken towards attempting to save the Caribbean monk seal; by the time it was placed on the endangered species list in 1967, it was likely already extinct.

Unconfirmed sightings of Caribbean monk seals by local fishermen and divers are relatively common in Haiti and Jamaica, but two recent scientific expeditions failed to find any sign of the species. It is possible the mammal is still extant, but some biologists strongly believe the sightings are of wandering hooded seals, which have been positively identified on Caribbean archipelagos such as Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.

1. ^ Lowry, L. (2015). "Neomonachus tropicalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T13655A45228171. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T13655A45228171.en.

2. Rice, D (1973). Caribbean monk seal (Monachus tropicalis). In Seals. Proceedings of working meeting of seal specialists on threatened and depleted seals of the world, held under the auspices of the Survival Service Commission of the IUCN, 18-19 August. Ontario, Canada. Morges, Switzerland: Univ. Guelph, IUCN Publ, Suppl. paper.

3. ^ Kyle Baker; Jason Baker; Larry Hanse; Gordon T. Waring (March 2008). "Endangered Species Act 5-Year Review Caribbean Monk Seal (Monachus tropicalis)". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service.

4. ^ Fisheries, NOAA (March 8, 2018). "What's the Latest on Hawaiian Monk Seals? | NOAA Fisheries". NOAA.

5. Jefferson, Webber (2008). Marine Mammals of the World, A Comprehensive Guide to their Identification. Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 470-471.

6. ^ Kerr, R (1824). A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels. London and Edinburgh. p. vii.

7. Moore, J (1953). "49". Distribution of Marine Mammals to Florida waters. pp. 117-158.

8. Gray, J (1850). Catalogue of the Specimens of Mammalia in the Collection of the British Museum. London. p. v.

9. Anon (1903). The West Indian Seal. New York.

10. ^ Allen, G (1942). Extinct and vanishing Mammals of the Western Hemisphere. American Committee for International Wild Life Protection.

11. ^ Gunter, Gordon; Leedy, Daniel L.; McMurry, Frank B.; Schantz, Viola S.; Mickey, Arthur B.; Steele, Charles N.; Bishop, Sherman C.; Peterson, Randolph L.; Engels, William L.; Jaeger, Edmund C.; Angulo, Juan J.; Doetschman, Willis H. (1947). "General Notes". Journal of Mammalogy. 28 (3): 289-299. doi:10.2307/1375180. JSTOR 1375180.

12. ^ Lewis, C (1948). "The West Indian Seal". Natural History Notes of the Natural History Society of Jamaica. 34: 169-171.

13. ^ Sloane, H (1707). "A voyage to the islands Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S. Christophers and Jamaica, with the natural history of the herbs and trees, four-footed beasts, fishes, birds, insects, reptiles, &c. of the last of those islands; to which is prefix'd an introduction, wherein is an account of the inhabitants, air, waters, diseases, trade &c. of that place, with some relations concerning the neighboring continent and islands of America". 1 (1). London: 1-419.

14. ^ McClenachan, Loren; Cooper, Andrew B. (2008). "Extinction rate, historical population structure and ecological role of the Caribbean monk seal". Proc. R. Soc. B. 275 (1641): 1351-1358. doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1757. PMC . PMID 18348965.

15. ^ "Caribbean Monk Seal News - Monachus Guardian 4 (2): November 2001". www.monachus-guardian.org.

16. ^ Beard, David (22 July 1993). "Wounded Seal Found On Puerto Rican Beach - Thousands of Miles From Home". AP News. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021.

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The Caribbean monk seal (Neomonachus tropicalis ), also known as the West Indian seal or sea wolf, was a species of seal native to the Caribbean which is now believed to be extinct.

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who? passenger pigeon
What? Extinct Vertebrate in the bird family columbidae
when?The passenger pigeon went extinct September 1st 1914 the last known passenger pigeon was named Martha and died at the Cincinnati zoo at the age of 29.
where ?the last passenger pigeon went extinct at the Cincinnati zoo
why?They where hunted and people used to eat on them. the pigeons where also seen as a threat to agriculture

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What? Extinct vertebrate in the bird family Psittaculidae.
When? The last live bird seen in 1927.
Where? The Paradise Parrot was found across the Queensland and New South Wales border area of eastern Australia.
Why? Hunting, drought, land clearing.
Source: Wikipedia
Anita Ivanova

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What? Extinct mammal from the family Otariidae
When? They went extinct in the 1970s
Where? They used to live in the Japanese Archipelago and on the Korean Peninsula
Why? The species didn't have any natural enemies except humans, who hunted them for their skin, whiskers, and internal organs. They were also captured and sold to circuses.

Madison Redburn

Source:  https://www.ourendangeredworld.com/species/animals-that-have-become-extinct/#4_Japanese_sea_lion

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Who: Dodo bird
What: an extinct bird in the family Columbidae
When: The last individual was seen in in the wild in 1662.
Where: the dodo was found on the island of Mauritius off the coast of Madagascar
Why: Hunted to extinction

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What?  Extinct
When? 1920’s but there may have been sightings in 1970,s
Where? Sicily, Italy
Why? Human persecution, hunting
Source: Wikipedia
Israel Lopez

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Who? Pyrenean Ibex
What? Extinct Mammal in the family bovidae
When? The Pyrenean ibex became extinct January 2000, when a falling tree landed on the last surviving member of the species
Where? Pyrenean ibex were most common in the Cantabrian Mountains, Southern France, and the northern Pyrenees
Why?  the exact cause of the Pyrenean ibex's extinction is unknown, scientists hypothesize that some different factors contributed to the decline of the species, including poaching, disease and not being able to find food.

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-Who? Spix’s Macaw

-What? extinct in the wild

-When? 2019

-Where? Brazil

-Why? habitat destruction & illegal trapping & trade

-Source: https://safarisafricana.com/recently-extinct-animals/

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who: Japanese Otter, Lutra nippon
what: extinct  in the wild
when: last seen 1979, declared 2012
where: Shinjo River in Susaki, Japan
why: over hunting and loss of habitat due to development
source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_otter
Kaylee messick, Alex Niece, Gracie Holman

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Who: Pinta giant tortoise's, Chelonoidis abingdonii, last known individual was Lonesome George

What: They went extinct.

When: He died in captivity on June 24, 2012

Where: The Galápagos Islands in Ecuador.

Why: These tortoises we’re used as an food source for 19th-century whalers combined with deforestation from introduced goats led to the extinction of the species.

Source: https://www.treehugger.com/animals-presumed-extinct-in-the-last-decade-4869347

Savannah Slack and Elijah Stout

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Who: Golden Toad
What?: Extinct in the wild
When?: 2019
Where?: Costa Rica (Costa Rica (mainland))
Why?: It's restricted range, climate change, airborne pollution contributed to this species extinction
Source: https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/3172/54357699#threats