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The Science of Reading: The Basics and Beyond - The Science of Learning Blog

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What should educators and parents know about the science of reading? Here is a basic summary, plus two important beyond-basic facts to inform educators' choices of reading programs.

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It's great to have you Please introduce yourself and give a link to where others can follow you!

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Describe and share a way you will provide opportunities of computational thinking to all learners.

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Computational Thinking for High School Teachers

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There is no single agreed-upon definition of "Computational Thinking," but in essence it involves the use of specific strategies and tools to solve complex problems. The BBC Bitesize offers this concise and simple definition:
"Computers can be used to help us solve problems. However, before a problem can be tackled, the problem itself and the ways in which it could be solved need to be understood. Computational thinking allows us to do this...(it) allows us to take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions. We can then present these solutions in a way that a computer, a human, or both, can understand. There are four key techniques (cornerstones) to computational thinking: Two other definitions:

Decomposition- breaking down a complex problem or system into smaller, more manageable parts

Pattern recognition- looking for similarities among and within problems

Abstraction- focusing on the important information only, ignoring irrelevant detail

Algorithms- developing a step-by-step solution to the problem, or the rules to follow to solve the problem"

Al Aho of the Columbia University Computer Science Department describes computational thinking as "the thought processes involved in formulating problems so their solutions can be represented as computational steps and algorithms."

Jeannette Wing, also of Columbia University, brought the idea of computational thinking to prominence in a paper she wrote in 2006. She says, "Informally, computational thinking describes the mental activity in formulating a problem to admit a computational solution. The solution can be carried out by a human or machine, or more generally, by combinations of humans and machines."

Why Computational Thinking?
Three Good Reasons
1) CT complements and enhances your existing high school curriculum. 2) CT teaches students how to solve complex problems in a variety of disciplines. 3) CT leverages the strength of computer technology to solve real-world problems.

An Operational Definition
The International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) and the Computer Science Teachers Association developed an "operational definition" of computational thinking that describes it as a problem-solving process that includes a number of common characteristics and dispositions. The ISTE/CSTA definition says:
"Computational thinking (CT) is a problem-solving process that includes (but is not limited to) the following characteristics:

Formulating problems in a way that enables us to use a computer and other tools to help solve them

Logically organizing and analyzing data

Representing data through abstractions such as models and simulations

Automating solutions through algorithmic thinking (a series of ordered steps)

Identifying, analyzing, and implementing possible solutions with the goal of achieving the most efficient and effective combination of steps and resources

Generalizing and transferring this problem-solving process to a wide variety of problems

These skills are supported and enhanced by a number of dispositions or attitudes that are essential dimensions of CT; they include the following:

Confidence in dealing with complexity

Persistence in working with difficult problems

Tolerance for ambiguity

The ability to deal with open-ended problems

The ability to communicate and work with others to achieve a common goal or solution"

Modeling and simulation are powerful tools for solving problems through the computational thinking method. Shown here is a screen shot of pedestrian-flow simulations created by CCICADA, a Rutgers University-based homeland security research group.

Algorithm - An algorithm is a sequence of steps that must be followed in a specific order to solve a problem. When you follow the instructions in a recipe to bake a cake, you are, in essence, executing an algorithm. By expressing the solution to a problem in the form of an algorithm, you make the process reproducible.

Automation - Automation often involves using a program or computer application to perform repetitive tasks or calculations. By making processes reproducible, algorithms are a key enabler of automation.

Decomposition - Solving a complex problem by breaking it up into smaller, more manageable tasks is called decomposition.

Simulation - Simulations use of models as surrogates for real systems. People often use simulation as a way to explore systems that have uncertainty.

People from many disciplines use these strategies. You may already use related activities in your class.

One goal of this course is to help you recognize that, when you ask your students to engage in this type of thinking, you are asking them to think computationally. Once you begin to recognize the computational thinking already present in the courses you teach, you can label it and illuminate it for your students.

The above list of CT terms is not exhaustive, but it gives you a sense of some of the building blocks of computational thinking. The units of our project's CT course will highlight other CT terms. Others terms appear in the online resources listed below:

Although algorithms are most often associated with complex math equations, such as those shown above, an algorithm is simply a series of ordered steps that can be followed to solve a problem. Photo by weta2000nz, Flickr, Creative Commons.

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What Is Computational Thinking? - Computational Thinking for High School Teachers

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This professional development program for high school teachers was developed by the Center for Discrete Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science (DIMACS) at Rutgers University as part of its Teacher Professional Development for Embedding Computational Thinking in Mathematics and Science High School Classes (PDCT) project.

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Stormy M. Daniels (@MsDanielsStormy) - Wakelet

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Public Collections from Stormy M. Daniels. Educator and lifelong learner with a passion for leveraging the power of technology to bring students across the globe together to share ideas and create innovative products that will ultimately lead to solutions to the 17 Global Sustainable Development Goals. Early-childhood Educator, Speaker and Learning-Design Trainer.

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Public Collections from Hedeen Wendy. Faith-filled educator that is passionate about accessibility and using technology to help students unlock their Super Powers! Wakelet Ambassador MIE Expert MIE Trainer MIE Master Trainier Flipgrid Certified Educator Gimkit Ambassador

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Could your reading instruction use some serious streamlining?

Grab your own complementary copy of our Streamlined Pathway.

readingsimplified.com/start-here and get ready to simplify.

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Reading Simplified - streamilined instruction, accelerated achievement

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What is Reading Simplified? I once heard that a classroom teacher has to make 700 decisions each school day. But I heard that number well before the internet took over our worlds! Today, who could possibly count how much information and decision-making moments must pass through a teacher's mind?

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Reading Simplified Pathway

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Union Elementary School
jglueck@uesd.org

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Angie- First Grade Teacher and MACUL Board Member @ADressander on Twitter

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Learning Technology Coach - Clear Creek ISD

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3rd Grade Teacher - PWCS

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Ways to support my teachers on incorporating computational thinking in Reading

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4th grade ELAR in College Station ISD
@ReyClassroom on Twitter

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2nd Grade self-contained/Teacher advisor interventionist
@KimberlyAlthoff

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Bonnie Truitt
2nd grade
Early, Tx

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Instructional Technology Coordinator
Gainesville ISD (Gainesville, TX)

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Third Grade Teacher (All Subjects)
Mineral Wells, ISD

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First Grade
1st Grade

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knowledge on how to using computational thinking in reading

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knowledge on how to using computational thinking in reading

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Elementary Teacher
Military Spouse
Fort Sam Houston ISD
2021-22 SY 4th Grade

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@darleneteaches on twitter
Teach Plus Research Fellow
1st Grade, Santa Fe, NM

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3rd bil Math/Sci

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Marlane Woods; Hays CISD
currently 5th grade

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I hope to learn how I can better my reading instruction for my students.

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Audrey Villanueva
5th Grade at Fort Sam Houston ISD in San Antonio, TX

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@Teacher_Malay

First grade teacher in Arlington ISD in Texas.

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Teacher at Nava in Santa Fe, NM
New position teaching 1st/2nd grade combo.

I have been teaching 16 years.

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Bandera ISD
I’m a first grade teacher moving down from fifth grade.
Instagram: @msschochteachesfifth

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Ruth Haddick, 5th Grade Math Intervention, Mexia, TX

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Ruth Haddick, 5th Grade Math Intervention, Mexia, TX

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2nd and 3rd Language Arts

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Information to help improve my reading instruction

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Information to help improve my reading instruction

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Paris TX 1st grade

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I am hoping to gain tech integration ideas that will help me support ALL educators in their support of students. 

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I am hoping to gain tech integration ideas that will help me support ALL educators in their support of students. 

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Lubbock ISD
Digital Learning Specialist

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3-5th grade teacher, Winchester VA!

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I really do not know what the concept is regarding its use in reading!

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I really do not know what the concept is regarding its use in reading!

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LaTonya Bryer Curd 3rd grade

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5th Grade ELAR
Mexia, TX

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Implement New Ideas or alternative approaches

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Implement New Ideas or alternative approaches

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I am teaching 4th grade this year for the first time and I am interested in how to engage my students in alternative ways in reading instruction

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I'd like to know how enhance my reading instruction during RTI to help my struggling readers.

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I'd like to know how enhance my reading instruction during RTI to help my struggling readers.

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Learn more about how to use computing thinking with reading. 

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Learn more about how to use computing thinking with reading. 

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2nd Grade
I hope to use a new strategies to teach reading

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I would love to gain skills in  teaching reading to my students in different ways.    

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I would love to gain skills in  teaching reading to my students in different ways.    

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Functional text, how to writings, etc can all use computational thinking

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Kinder-3rd special education
Channelview, TX

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A way to improve the reading skills of my struggling and on grade level students.

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Methods that will help me close the gap for students who fell behind during the pandemic.

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I hope gain some strategies and tools to use.  I hope to get some new perspectives on how to teach reading.

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I hope gain some strategies and tools to use.  I hope to get some new perspectives on how to teach reading.

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usually only think of this related to math

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usually only think of this related to math

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3rd Grade, Houston, TX

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Not much, but thinking that it is a way to help students think/learn in a scaffolded way?

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I hope to get some ideas to implement in my classroom to help emerging readers

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My knowledge about computational thinking includes my years as a technology applications teacher as well as an ELAR teacher (in which I used computational thinking strategies for technical /informational writing)

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Interested in the science of reading. Just finished the LETRS course. How do we mesh?

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Not sure

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I hope to gain knowledge about various reading instruction methods.

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How to use computational thinking in ELAR instruction

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Creating better opportunities for reading instruction for my students

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Creating better opportunities for reading instruction for my students

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I hope to learn how to use Computational Re-Thinking in Reading

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very little

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Not much,

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Special Education teacher
Grapevine, TX

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2nd Grader teacher in Arlington ISD

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Way to support teachers in my district!

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Algorithms in every day learning

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I am math leaning, so this speaks to my heart!

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3rd Grade teacher, GCCISD - Baytown

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I don’t know anything

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New ways of thinking about how to help my readers become better readers.

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Not sure how to computationally think about reading.

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3rd Grade Teacher-Idaho

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Very little!  Excited to grow and be better prepared for success in the fall.

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Very little!  Excited to grow and be better prepared for success in the fall.

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Kimberly Mabie
2nd Grade Teacher - Hays CISD, just outside of Austin, TX

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3rd Grade Teacher-more ways to actively engage students during reading and help them become better readers.

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Systematic ways to problem solve complicated problems

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Systematic ways to problem solve complicated problems

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Excited to learn something new, and / or confirm ideas.

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Excited to learn something new, and / or confirm ideas.

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I am unsure how it relates to reading

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3rd Grade teacher - Jefferson Davis Parish - LA

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3rd Grade teacher - Jefferson Davis Parish - LA

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Little Elm ISD - 3rd Grade