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What are Infrared Waves?

Infrared is electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths longer than those of visible light and shorter than radio waves. It is therefore invisible to the human eye. IR is generally understood to have wavelengths from around 1 millimeter to the nominal red edge of the visible spectrum, around 700 nanometers.

Infrared Pros and Cons:

Pros:
Can be used to measure temperatures.
Low emissions.
Cheap to use.

Cons:
Too much exposure can lead to eye damage (lens, cornea and retina)
Line of sight limitation (blocked by people, buildings)

Where is infrared used?

Infrared Therapy
Airport Cameras (thermal imaging)
Night Vision Equipment
Sunbeds
Tattoo Removal

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X-rays are electromagnetic radiation that can pass through objects. They are usually used in medical settings. Their wavelength is usually between 0.03 and 3 nanometers, with frequencies of about 3x10^16 Hz to 3x10^19 Hz.

X-rays have two main uses, diagnostic and therapeutic. Diagnostic X-rays detect bone fractures, some abnormal masses, pneumonia, some injuries, calcifications, foreign objects, and dental problems. Therapeutic X-rays use radiation to destroy cancerous tumours.

Pros: one of the best ways to detect life-threatening conditions or injuries.
Cons: excessive exposure to radiation can cause problems (like cancer)

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Ultraviolet radiation is a portion of light that lies beyond visible light and before x-rays along the electromagnetic spectrum. UV light has a shorter wavelength than visible light, spanning wavelengths ranging from  100 to 400 nanometers (UCAR).

Uses: UV radiation is abundantly used in industrial processes and in medical and dental practice in a variety of ways. These include killing bacteria, creative fluorescent effects, curing inks and resins, as well as phototherapy and suntanning (CCOHS).
Note: Different UV wavelengths and intensities are used for different purposes.

Advantages:
- No chemicals are needed, therefore no chemical residue is left behind.
-Kills microorganisms that drugs cannot necessarily get to.
Disadvantages:
- Excessive exposure can damage skin, eyes, and be a potential risk of sunburn or cancer.
- As it works in a light path, it can be blocked easily by objects, therefore choosing suitable sterilizing equipment is very important.

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Gamma rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation that sits at around 10²⁰ Hz. Gamma rays are similar to ex-rays but have an excited nucleus. Gamma rays are used in many ways for cancer treatment along with sterilization of medical equipment how ever if uncontrolled they are extremely dangerous to the human body.

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Spectrum: 3 kilohertz up to 300 gigahertz

Applications:
TV - Television broadcasts use radio waves. For TV broadcasts, sounds are encoded with frequency modulation, and pictures are encoded with amplitude modulation. The encoded waves are broadcast from a TV tower. When the waves are received by television sets, they are decoded and changed back to sounds and pictures.

Pros:
No Harm to human physical health
Can travel long distance
Cheap and easy to use

Cons:
Can be easily disrupted
Can be affected by weather conditions
Low amount of data transmitting

-Ehrlich