# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Soften baby's face, body and bottom with this 100% organic, AllergyCertified balm. A fragrance-free blend of soothing and nourishing shea butter and botanical oils, it's perfect for baby's delicate skin.

We've replaced the olive oil in our Organic Baby Balm with sunflower oil - rich in linoleic acid - to nourish baby's skin.

Fragrance free, softening balm

Ideal gift for new parents

Hypoallergenic

Dermatologically Tested

Free from synthetic fragrances, colours, parabens, and non-GM

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Soften baby's face, body and bottom with this 100% organic, AllergyCertified balm. A fragrance-free blend of soothing and nourishing shea butter and botanical oils, it's perfect for baby's delicate skin. We've replaced the olive oil in our Organic Baby Balm with sunflower oil - rich in linoleic acid - to nourish baby's skin.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
May be taken up to 6 times per 24-hours. Shake well as some sediment is normal. Clean syringe thoroughly aer each use. Refrigerate aer opening and consume within 60 days.
SUGGESTED USE:
Babies 0 to 1 month of age: 2.5 mL

Infants 1 to 6 months of age: 5 mL

Children 6 months and older: 10 mL

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
garden of life organic baby gripe water - 120ml

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Garden of Life Organic Baby Gripe Water - 120ml

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
May be taken up to 6 times per 24-hours. Shake well as some sediment is normal. Clean syringe thoroughly aer each use. Refrigerate aer opening and consume within 60 days.

# data[].attributes.body
By NHS

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
has vomit that's green or yellow, or has blood in it

is projectile vomiting (being sick with more force than usual)

has blood in their poo

has a swollen or tender tummy

has a very high temperature or they feel hot or shivery

keeps being sick and cannot keep fluid down

has diarrhoea that lasts for over a week or has signs of dehydration

will not stop crying and is very distressed

is refusing to feed

Also call your GP or 111 if you have any other concerns about your baby.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Find out about reflux, where a baby brings up milk during or soon after a feed.

# data[].attributes.body
By NCT

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
What is baby reflux?

It's something many parents talk about but what is baby reflux? It's basically when a baby brings milk back up during, or just after, a feed (NHS start4life, 2019).

Babies get reflux when the ring of muscle between the oesophagus (food pipe) and stomach is not fully developed. Food or milk can leak out and travel back up the food pipe (NHS, 2019). Other potential causes for reflux can include an intolerance to cow's milk protein or other allergies (La Leche League 2017).

Baby reflux affects at least four in ten newborns and it isn't usually cause for concern (NICE, 2015). Most of the time, it gets better on its own - often by the time a baby is one (NICE, 2015; NHS, 2019). That's because over a baby's first 12 months their digestive system naturally develops and they spend more time upright as they start to sit up (Tighe et al, 2014; NICE, 2015; NHS, 2019).

Is baby reflux just vomiting?

Baby reflux is effectively the same thing as posseting, which is when babies bring up a small amount of milk (usually a teaspoonful) without seeming to mind (NHS start4life, 2019). Reflux is common in babies under six months for completely normal physiological reasons and doesn't need medication. Baby reflux is also different from gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD), which is when reflux symptoms become troublesome or cause complications (NICE, 2019).

Baby reflux signs and symptoms

Many of the common signs of baby reflux can also be signs that a baby is distressed for any number of reasons; for example, they're hungry, need a cuddle or they're cold. So it's good to remember that while there are some recognisable signs of baby reflux, this isn't necessarily a disease that needs medicated. Nonetheless, signs can include:

A baby arching their back and turning their head.

Crying for long periods and becoming irritable during and after feeds.

Choking or coughing during a feed or seeming to have a sore throat.

Spitting up milk during or after feeds several times a day, which upsets them.

Persistent hiccups.

Frequent ear infections.

Fighting feeding or refusing to feed.

Poor weight gain.

Waking very frequently at night.

Signs of pain or discomfort when feeding.

(NHS, 2016; La Leche League GB, 2017; Essential Parent, 2019)

Are some babies more likely to get reflux?

Reflux is more common among babies who are born prematurely and babies with low birth weight. It's also common in babies or children with some impairment of their muscles and nerves, such as cerebral palsy, or those with a cow's milk allergy (Patient, 2018).

When should you seek medical advice for reflux?

Baby reflux isn't usually a cause for concern if your baby is happy and is gaining weight. However, if reflux starts after six months of age, continues beyond a year or if your baby has any problems mentioned below, contact your midwife, health visitor or GP:

Spitting up feeds frequently or refusing feeds.

Coughing or gagging while feeding.

Frequent projectile vomiting (forceful vomiting that lands some distance away).

Green or yellow vomit (maybe bile), or blood in vomit.

Blood in poo or persistent diarrhoea.

Excessive crying or irritability.

Swollen or tender tummy.

High temperature of 38⁰C or above.

Not gaining weight or losing weight.

(NICE, 2015; NHS, 2016)

In a small number of babies, reflux might be associated with a more serious problem, such as gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD). This is a form of long-term baby reflux where stomach contents are able to rise up and irritate the oesophagus (NHS, 2016).

Silent reflux in babies

Sometimes babies don't spit out what comes back up but swallow it instead. This is known as 'silent reflux'. Babies with silent reflux might gain weight normally but show some of the symptoms as reflux (NHS start4life, 2019).

How to ease your baby's reflux

You can help ease your baby's reflux by making small changes to the way you feed them. Talk to your midwife or health visitor who might suggest:

Gently burping your baby regularly throughout feeding.

Ensuring they take breaks during a feed.

Giving your baby shorter but more frequent feeds.

Keeping your baby's head higher than their bottom during feeds.

Keeping your baby upright for a bit after feeding.

Changing baby on their side to avoid any discomfort caused by lifting their legs up towards their stomach.

Using thickened 'anti-reflux' formula milk. You can buy these without a prescription but it's important to talk to a healthcare professional before you do. There is some caution about their use, such as the fact that they are made at a lower temperature than is currently recommended to get rid of harmful bacteria.

If your baby has a cow's milk allergy, your doctor might suggest using special formula milk that doesn't contain cows' milk.

(NHS, 2016 ; La Leche League GB, 2017; First Steps Nutrition Trust, 2018; Patient, 2018)

Some parents might be advised to raise the head end of their baby's cot slightly or place a rolled up towel under the mattress. It's important to say that there is no scientific evidence that this works and it might increase the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) (Lullaby Trust, 2019).

Diagnosis and treatment

Usually, babies with reflux don't need any tests as the condition can be diagnosed based on their symptoms. But in rare cases and if a healthcare professional thinks they might be helpful, an endoscopy, pH monitoring or barium swallow test can be done (NICE, 2015; NHS, 2016).

Baby reflux usually doesn't need any specific treatment but the feeding suggestions above might be helpful. In severe cases, a GP or gastroenterologist can prescribe medicines that might help with pain and discomfort (Tighe et al, 2014). Surgery might also be recommended for a small number of babies who have underlying medical conditions, such as cerebral palsy (NICE, 2015; NHS, 2016).

If you have a baby with a reflux, it can feel stressful and worrying at times. There's lots of support and information to help you though. Read other parents' experiences here.

Further information

Our support line offers practical and emotional support with feeding your baby and general enquiries for parents, members and volunteers: 0300 330 0700.

You might find attending one of NCT's Early Days groups helpful as they give you the opportunity to explore different approaches to important parenting issues with a qualified group leader and other new parents in your area.

Make friends with other parents-to-be and new parents in your local area for support and friendship by seeing what NCT activities are happening nearby.

Living with reflux is a UK non-profit for information and support for sufferers of GOR and GORD.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
What is baby reflux? Symptoms and support

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
It's something many parents talk about but what is baby reflux? It's basically when a baby brings milk back up during, or just after, a feed (NHS start4life, 2019). Babies get reflux when the ring of muscle between the oesophagus (food pipe) and stomach is not fully developed.

# data[].attributes.body
by Living with Reflux charity

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Supporting Families with Children with Gastro-oesophageal Reflux and Reflux Disease

As parents and carers, ourselves we know only to well how stressful and exhausting it can be living with a child with reflux (GOR) everyday - not just for you but for them also. We do understand the battles you face, which is why Living with Reflux charity is here to help and support you.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Supporting Families with Children with Gastro-oesophageal Reflux and Reflux Disease As parents and carers, ourselves we know only to well how stressful and exhausting it can be living with a child with reflux (GOR) everyday - not just for you but for them also.

# data[].attributes.body
This video shows you reflexology techniques to ease reflux.  This tutorial takes you through a routine so get comfy with your baby and join in as you watch. By Lucy Johns

# data[].attributes.headline
Baby Massage for Colic, Reflux and Wind.

# data[].attributes.subject
Baby Massage for Colic, Reflux and Wind.

# data[].attributes.body
by www.mummaloveorganics.com

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Baby Massage for Colic, Reflux and Wind.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Britain's number one colic remedy†

Infacol has been specially formulated to relieve wind, infant colic and griping pain

Can be used from birth onwards

Orange flavour

Sugar, alcohol and colourant free

Comes with a convenient integrated dropper - making it easy to give to your baby

Each bottle contains enough liquid for up to 100 doses

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Infacol Colic Relief Drops | Official Site Homepage

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
This is the offical site for Infacol Colic Relief Drops. Infacol is a baby colic treatment that helps to bring up wind or air trapped in your baby's tummy and can relieve griping pain.

# data[].attributes.body
by La Leche League UK

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
In the early weeks, it is normal for a baby to "spit-up" and around half of all newborns do, at least once a day. As a baby's digestive system matures, this usually decreases and for most mothers it is just a short-term inconvenience. ¹

However, in some babies the valve between the stomach and oesophagus does not close properly. The stomach contents flow back into the oesophagus and can cause vomiting. There are several reasons a baby may vomit and a doctor will need to rule out other causes, but one possible diagnosis is GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease), also referred to as GOR (gastro-oesophageal reflux).

Not all reflux is noticeable and it doesn't always make a baby uncomfortable, but when it's severe it can be painful and cause distress to mother and baby. ²

What are the signs to look out for?

A baby may choke and cough, or seem to have a sore throat. Some babies have bad breath.

A mother may notice back arching and head turning. The baby may stretch out flat as this reduces pain, instead of snuggling close to his mother.

A baby may cry for long periods and be irritable during and after feeds. His cries may sound hoarse. This sometimes leads to a misdiagnosis of colic.

A baby may seem to fight feeding or even refuse to feed. There may be poor weight gain.

What might help?

A few things may help lessen pain. Keeping the baby's head higher than his bottom during feeding can be more comfortable for him/her. Being at a 30 to 40 degree angle with the baby's bottom in the mother's lap and his torso supported on the mother's crossed leg may be one way for the baby to feed more comfortably. If the baby is feeding in a side-lying position then s/he may feed better on the left side; moving the baby over instead of turning him round if changing sides. It's preferable to move the baby to a more upright position as soon as possible. ³

It can be useful to consider "head above bottom" at all times. A baby sling can be helpful for this purpose. A baby with reflux may find it uncomfortable to lay down flat and might cry or spit up when laid in a cot.Some parents choose to keep their baby in their arms or a sling for naps.Others find it helps to keep their baby upright for a period of time after feeds before they lay them down.

Changing the baby on his side may be preferable to avoid putting pressure on his stomach when lifting his legs. A lay-back bouncy seat can be useful. Babies with reflux can find travelling in a car seat uncomfortable due to the pressure on their stomachs and some mothers choose to use the car less while it distresses the baby and instead use public transport while carrying the baby in a sling.

As the opening from the stomach to the oesophagus is usually on the right side, keeping the right side higher than the left may also help.

Short, frequent feeds ease the incidence and discomfort of reflux. ⁴ If a mother has a copious milk supply then feeding one side only at each feed may ease discomfort. However, it is worth looking at what seems to suit your baby.

What causes reflux?

There are several suggestions as to why reflux happens. It's sometimes suggested that it's caused by an immature sphincter muscle 5 and that this will strengthen as the baby grows.

Other studies have shown a link between reflux and allergies, or an intolerance to cows' milk protein. ⁶ A mother could try to remove dairy products from her diet, in consultation with a medical professional, to see if that improves things.

One of the biggest causes can be fast-flowing milk or oversupply. If a baby seems to be choking or gasping because of a fast flow, there are several things to try. You can take him off the breast for a moment until the flow slows, or feed in a more upright position.

Making sure a baby has a deep latch and good tongue function can also make a difference. Tongue-tie can affect a baby's sucking action and can lead to a baby swallowing too much air. You can find further suggestions here:
https://www.laleche.org.uk/too-much-milk-and-oversupply/
https://www.laleche.org.uk/tongue-tie/
https://www.laleche.org.uk/unhappy-baby/
Adding solids to "thicken feeds" has significant drawbacks

It is sometimes suggested that babies with reflux will be helped by adding solids to their diet to thicken feeds. In 2018, a study in the British Medical Journal reported that "Feed thickeners are commonly used for managing infants with GOR despite the lack of strong supporting evidence". 7 As most existing studies assessing the efficacy of thickened feeds on reflux symptoms mainly include formula-fed infants, there is limited information available on the potential reduction of regurgitation in breastfed babies. ⁸

Aside from the lack of strong evidence, this treatment has some significant drawbacks. Introducing solid food too early replaces human milk, which is nutritionally ideal for babies, with a food of less nutritional value. It will also lower a mother's milk supply. Regurgitating solids can add to the baby's distress and discomfort, and introducing solids too early might also trigger allergies in an already sensitive baby.

Switching to formula may not be the answer

Although it is sometimes suggested that breastfeeding mothers change to formula, this may well worsen symptoms. While both breastfed and formula fed babies can experience reflux, research has shown that formula fed infants have episodes of reflux more often than breastfed babies and they last longer. ⁹

As one cause of reflux can be a delayed emptying of the stomach, the fact that human milk leaves the stomach twice as quickly as formula means that breastmilk lessens the possibility of reflux. ¹⁰

If nothing seems to work

If a baby continues to be distressed, then a doctor may refer you to a gastroenterologist who may prescribe medications which can help.

Something positive?

In his Guide to Breastfeeding, ¹¹ Dr. Jack Newman, a member of La Leche League International's Panel of Professional Advisors, explains how breastmilk is full of immune factors that interact with each other and protect the baby from bacteria, viruses and other micro-organisms.
They work by forming a protective layer on a baby's mucous membranes which line the gut, respiratory tract and other areas. This stops micro-organisms from invading the body through these mucous membranes. Dr. Newman explains that a baby who spits up gets double protection, first when the milk goes down to the stomach, and again when he spits it up.
If you would like further help and support look for your nearest LLL group or Leader.

You can find further information here:

www.llli.org/why-infant-reflux-matters/
breastfeeding.support/reflux-in-newborns/

Written by Anna Burbidge, LLLGB 2019

1 Nancy Mohrbacher, "Breastfeeding Answers Made Simple. A Pocket Guide for Helping Mothers", (Jon Dorling: "Feed thickeners in gastro-oesophageal reflux in infants", http://www.lllgbbooks.co.uk/store/p94/Breastfeeding_Answers_Made_Simple%3A_A_Pocket_Guide_for_Helping_Mothers.html)
2 La Leche League International, "The Womanly Art of Breastfeeding", 8 th Edition, 2010, p. 417. ( http://www.lllgbbooks.co.uk/store/p91/The_Womanly_Art_of_Breastfeeding.html)
3 Boekel, S. "Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) and the breastfeeding baby", ILCA Independent Study Module. Raleigh, North Carolina: International Lactation Consultant Association, 2000.
4 La Leche League International, "The Womanly Art of Breastfeeding", 8 th Edition, 2010, p. 417. ( http://www.lllgbbooks.co.uk/store/p91/The_Womanly_Art_of_Breastfeeding.html) 5 http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/reflux-babies/Pages/Introduction.aspx
6 Nancy Mohrbacher, "Breastfeeding Answers Made Simple", 2010, pp. 517-520. ( http://www.lllgbbooks.co.uk/store/p93/Breastfeeding_Answers_Made_Simple.html)
7 T'ng Chang Kwok, Shalini Ojha and
8 Kwok TC, Ojha S, Dorling J.: "Feed thickener for infants up to six months of age with gastro‐oesophageal reflux." Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2017, Issue 12. Art. No.: CD003211. ( BMJ Paediatrics Open 2018 ( https://bmjpaedsopen.bmj.com/content/2/1/e000262) https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD003211.pub2/full)
9 Hegar B. et al: "Natural evolution of regurgitation in healthy infant.s" Acta Paediatrica 2009; 98(7): 1189-1193 ( https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01306.x)
10 Ewer, A. et al: "Gastric emptying in preterm infants", Arch Dis Child 1994; 71:F24-F27.
11 Dr. Jack Newman and Teresa Pitman: "Dr. Jack Newman's Guide to Breastfeeding", Revised Edition 2014 ( https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/1780662300/?tag=breastfsuppor-21)

Further reading:

Trikha, A.,Baillargeon, J. G.,Kuo, Y. F.,Tan, A.,Pierson, K.,Sharma, G.,Wilkinson, G.,Bonds, R. S. "Development of food allergies in patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease treated with gastric acid suppressive medications.." Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2013 Sep; 24 (6): 582-8

Smyth C, Why Infant Reflux Matters, Pinter and Martin 2021

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/6746107/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/26022877/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
I Think My Baby's Got Reflux - La Leche League GB

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
In the early weeks, it is normal for a baby to "spit-up" and around half of all newborns do, at least once a day. As a baby's digestive system matures, this usually decreases and for most mothers it is just a short-term inconvenience. 1 However, in some babies the valve between the stomach and oesophagus does [...]

# data[].attributes.body
by The Breastfeeding Network (BfN)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
This information can also be viewed as a PDF by clicking here.
The information provided is taken from various reference sources. It is provided as a guideline. No responsibility can be taken by the author or the Breastfeeding Network for the way in which the information is used. Clinical decisions remain the responsibility of medical and breastfeeding practitioners. The data presented here is intended to provide some immediate information but cannot replace input from professionals.
Some gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) occurs in most babies. Up to 40-50% of babies younger than 3 months regurgitate their feeds at least once a day (Craig 2004). Incidence peaks around 4 months. GOR is a normal physiological process that usually happens after eating in healthy infants, children, young people and adults. Most of us are familiar with it in the later stages of pregnancy. In reflux there is no retching as associated with a gastric infection, milk simply comes up and out of the baby's mouth.

The predominant symptom is frequent regurgitation of feeds (posseting). Diagnosis is usually made by description of symptoms. Other signs include:

Irritability or excessive crying

Recurrent hiccups

Frequent night waking

Frequent coughing

Studies show that frequency of regurgitation declines over the first 6 months and dramatically after 12 months (NICE 2015). This interestingly corresponds with the time when babies can sit and stand.

Regurgitation of at least 1 episode a day with age (Nelson 1997)

NICE 2015 recommends to healthcare professionals that GOR is a normal physiological process in infancy. Parents should be reassured that it does not need any investigation or treatment unless the child presents with symptoms such as unexplained feeding difficulties, distressed behaviour, or faltering growth. Overfeeding is a common cause in artificially-fed infants who may benefit from smaller, more frequent bottles.

Silent reflux is described as reflux where the regurgitation is swallowed rather than being spat out. Babies may cry and show signs of distress but not posset. Symptoms may otherwise be identical to GOR.

Most cases of reflux clear up without intervention but simple changes can help reduce symptoms.

Feed more frequently and respond at the baby's first cues that he/she is hungry - crying is a late sign of hunger and will increase the air swallowed making regurgitation of feeds more likely. Scheduling feeds with longer intervals and larger volumes may increase symptoms.

Keep the baby upright after feeds over your shoulder ideally for at least 30 minutes with a muslin to catch milk if necessary.

Using a sling to keep the baby upright may help but ensure there is no pressure on the stomach and do not bend yourself.

Do not put the baby down in a car seat where they become somewhat slumped. Try not to jiggle or move the baby too much as the feed settles.

Take time to burp the baby in a sitting position with his/her head supported with your hand - be prepared with a muslin cloth over your shoulder and a bib on the baby to protect clothing (and reduce washing!)

Put the baby to sleep flat on his or her back.

Ensure that breastfeeding has been optimised to ensure the baby has access to all the milk and that your breasts are well drained after a breastfeed (Woolridge 1988).

Caring for a baby with reflux is difficult, exhausting and confusing. It may be isolating as you may be concerned about the baby vomiting when outside the family home. Do you have enough changes of clothes for yourself and the baby? What will other people say? What if the regurgitated milk goes onto someone or something else?

With GOR, medication is not essential. However you may wish to try remedies to relieve symptoms of excessive crying and posseting in the baby. Medication should not be commenced without support by an expert in breastfeeding to optimise attachment.

If frequent regurgitation associated with marked distress, continues despite a breastfeeding assessment and advice, NICE recommends that alginate therapy can be considered for a trial period of 1-2 weeks. If the alginate therapy (Gaviscon Infant sachets ®) is successful continue with it, but it should be stopped at intervals to see if the infant has recovered as we know that it may resolve with time as described above.

The sachets of alginate should be dissolved in water or expressed breastmilk as described below.

Side effects Alginates, such as Gaviscon®, can cause constipation in the baby as they thicken the gastric contents. This may cause further distress to the baby and anecdotally can lead to prescription of bulk forming laxatives in addition to the alginate. This is inappropriate and symptoms would be better managed with other drugs

Dose: infant body-weight under 4.5 kg, 1 'dose (sachet)' mixed with feeds (or water in breast-fed infants) when required (max. 6 times in 24 hours); body-weight over 4.5 kg, 2 'doses' mixed with feeds (or water or expressed breastmilk in breast-fed infants) when required (max. 6 times in 24 hours);

Manufacturer Gaviscon® directions: Bottle fed infants; Mix each sachet into 115ml (4 fl oz) of feed in the bottle and shake well before feeding as normal. Breast fed infants and other infants up to 2 years mix each sachet with 5ml (1 teaspoon) of cooled boiled water until a smooth paste is formed, add another 10ml (2 teaspoons) of cooled boiled water and mix. For breast fed infants give Gaviscon Infant® part way through each feed or meal using a spoon or feeding bottle.

Symptoms:

The baby is not gaining weight

The baby vomits frequently and forcefully

The baby spits up green or yellow fluid

The baby spits up a liquid which looks like coffee grounds

The baby repeatedly refuses feeds

The baby has blood in the bowel motions

It is reported by Salvatore (2002) that in up to half of the cases of G0RD in infants younger than
1 year, there may be an association with Cow's Milk Protein Allergy. Heine (2006) noted that infants with these conditions often respond to hypoallergenic formula or a maternal elimination diet but that only a few randomized clinical trials have been conducted.

Treatment first line is with alginate but may be replaced with a 4 week trial of the H2 antagonist ranitidine or Proton pump Inhibitor (PPI) Omeprazole. NICE 2015 recommends that metoclopramide, domperidone or erythromycin to treat GOR or GORD are not prescribed without seeking specialist advice and taking into account their potential to cause adverse events.

Ranitidine is licensed to treat Reflux oesophagitis. Studies have suggested that H₂ antagonists are effective in treating children with GORD. Ranitidine is well tolerated and has a low incidence of side effects. Common side effects include fatigue, dizziness and diarrhoea. (Cucchiara 1993). Ranitidine is the H₂ antagonist used most commonly to reduce the acidity of GORD. Cimetidine is rarely used, as concerns surround its effects on cytochrome P450, leading to multiple drug interactions.
Dose (BNFC May 2015):

Neonate 2 mg/kg 3 times daily but absorption unreliable; max. 3 mg/kg 3 times daily

Child 1-6 months 1 mg/kg 3 times daily; max. 3 mg/kg 3 times daily

Child 6 months-3 years 2-4 mg/kg twice daily

An oral solution is available and can be provided as a sugar free formulation. Anecdotally some babies refuse to take the solution with an alcohol content so it is worth asking the dispensing pharmacist to check the excipients.

The 2014 Cochrane review concluded that "Moderate evidence was found to support the use of PPIs, along with some evidence to support the use of H₂ antagonists in older children with GORD, based on improvement in symptom scores, pH indices and endoscopic/histological appearances. However, lack of independent placebo-controlled and head-to-head trials makes conclusions as to relative efficacy difficult to determine. Further RCTs are recommended".

Omeprazole is licensed to treat GORD. It is usually dispensed as Losec MUPS® to be dissolved in water as directed.
Dose (BNFC May 2015):

Neonate 700 micrograms/kg once daily, increased if necessary after 7-14 days to 1.4 mg/kg; some neonates may require up to 2.8 mg/kg once daily

Child 1 month-2 years 700 micrograms/kg once daily, increased if necessary to 3 mg/kg (max. 20 mg) once daily

Child body-weight 10-20 kg 10 mg once daily increased if necessary to 20 mg once daily (in severe ulcerating reflux oesophagitis, max. 12 weeks at higher dose)

Child body-weight over 20 kg 20 mg once daily increased if necessary to 40 mg once daily (in severe ulcerating reflux oesophagitis, max. 12 weeks at higher dose)

Studies of omeprazole and lansoprazole in infants with functional GOR have demonstrated variable benefit, probably because of differences in inclusion criteria (Cochrane 2014)

Cost to NHS (NICE 2015)

British National Formulary

Craig WR1, Hanlon-Dearman A, Sinclair C, Taback S, Moffatt M.Metoclopramide, thickened feedings, and positioning for gastro-oesophageal reflux in children under two years. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004 Oct 18;(4):CD003502

Cucchiara S, Minella R, Iervolino C, Franco MT, Campanozzi A, Franceschi M, et al. Omeprazole and high dose ranitidine in the treatment of refractory reflux oesophagitis. Archives of Disease in Childhood 1993;69:655-9.

Heine RG. Gastroesophageal reflux disease, colic and constipation in infants with food allergy. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006 Jun;6(3):220-5.

Jones W Breastfeeding and Medication Routledge 2013

Nelson SP, Chen EH, Syniar GM; Christoffel KK Prevalence of Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux During Infancy. A Pediatric Practice-Based Survey , Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1997;151(6):569-572.

NICE 2015 Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: recognition, diagnosis and management in children and young people www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng1/ifp/chapter/reflux-in-babies

Salvatore S, Vandenplas Y Gastroesophageal reflux and cow milk allergy: is there a link? Pediatrics. 2002 Nov;110(5):972-84)

Woolridge MW andFisher C. Colic, "overfeeding", and symptoms of lactose malabsorption in the breast-fed baby: a possible artifact of feed management. The Lancet, 1988; ii:3

©Dr Wendy Jones MBE, MRPharmS and the Breastfeeding Network August 2021

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Reflux and Breastfeeding - The Breastfeeding Network

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
This information can also be viewed as a PDF by clicking here. The information provided is taken from various reference sources. It is provided as a guideline. No responsibility can be taken by the author or the Breastfeeding Network for the way in which the information is used. Clinical decision…

# data[].attributes.headline
Spitting Up & Reflux in the Breastfed Baby

# data[].attributes.subject
Spitting Up & Reflux in the Breastfed Baby

# data[].attributes.body
by Kelly Mom

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Spitting Up & Reflux in the Breastfed Baby • KellyMom.com

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Spitting up, sometimes called physiological or uncomplicated reflux, is common in babies and is usually (but not always) normal. Most young babies spit up sometimes, since their digestive systems are immature, making it easier for the stomach contents to flow back up into the esophagus (the tube con…

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Would you like to receive personalised offers and tailored information from RB UK Commercial Ltd, (" RB", " we", " our") about Gaviscon and our other health brands and receive updates on exclusive events and competitions based on your purchase history and browsing history? As this information may relate to your health, which is sensitive information, we need your explicit consent:

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Gaviscon Infant treats infant gastric reflux & regurgitation

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Would you like to receive personalised offers and tailored information from RB UK Commercial Ltd, (" RB", " we", " our") about Gaviscon and our other health brands and receive updates on exclusive events and competitions based on your purchase history and browsing history?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Nearly all babies will spit up after some feedings, whether they are breastfed or bottle-fed. In a healthy baby who is gaining weight well and has good urine output (6-8 wet cloth diapers or 5-6 disposable) and at least 3 bowel movements in 24 hours (in babies over 6 weeks old, stooling less often is normal), then spitting up is more of a laundry problem than a medical problem.

Babies spit up for lots of reasons, including gagging when the milk lets down quickly and forcefully, oversupply of milk, immature muscle control, allergy, and disease. Many times the reason for the spitting up can't be determined. Most healthy babies will outgrow the spitting up stage within 4-6 months.

If your baby seems happy and is growing normally, try these tips for minimizing spitting up:

Handle him gently and burp him often.

Try to keep him in an upright position during and after feedings. Nurse frequently. Smaller, more frequent feedings are easier to digest.

Keep clean up supplies (a cloth diaper to throw over your shoulder is a necessity) and a change of clothes nearby.

If you have tons and tons of milk, and your baby chokes or gags when the milk lets down, then spits up afterward, try offering one breast per feeding. You may also try taking him off the breast when the milk first lets down and catching the forceful spray in a towel, then putting him back on the breast after the initial flow of milk has subsided. For more suggestions on handling an overabundant milk supply, see the article Oversupply: Too Much Milk.

If your baby wants to nurse constantly, and seems to spit up every time he eats, try offering a pacifier -that may keep him from overfilling his stomach and spitting up the excess. If he isn't gaining weight well and getting him to nurse is a struggle, forget the pacifier. He needs to spend all his sucking time at the breast.

If you are giving him supplemental vitamins, iron, or fluoride, try discontinuing them. Most breastfed babies don't need vitamin supplements. If you are taking herbal or vitamin supplements, try stopping and see if it makes a difference. If your baby is receiving supplemental formula or has just started eating a new food, stop offering it. If you are eating a lot of dairy products, or if you have a family history of allergies, try cutting back or eliminating allergenic foods like milk, eggs, or wheat. It takes up to two weeks to completely eliminate milk protein from your milk, so allow that much time before you decide if it has made a difference.

The article Nutrition, Weight Loss, and Excercise has more information about diet and allergies.

Sometimes babies have a number of symptoms in addition to spitting up which may indicate a problem called "gastroesophageal reflux", also called GER, or just "reflux". Reflux occurs when the muscle at the opening of the stomach (which keeps milk in the stomach until it is empties into the small intestine) opens up at the wrong times, causing the milk to back up into the esophagus (the tube that leads from the throat to the stomach). The gastric juices are acidic, and can burn and irritate the throat and esophagus.

The newborn's stomach is small (about the size of a ping pong ball), and has to accommodate a large volume of milk in relation to its size. Most babies who spit up are just messy eaters, and the excess milk they take in comes back up. The spitting up disappears without treatment as they mature.

There is another condition that can cause symptoms of vomiting in infants, and is more severe than reflux. It is pyloric stenosis, and is seldom seen in breastfed babies. It is most common in male infants, and usually develops 4-6 weeks after birth. The baby often projectile vomits, which means that his stomach muscles force the milk up his throat and it shoots forcefully out of his mouth, sometimes as far as several feet away. As time goes on, he will begin projectile vomiting after every feeding, and will not gain weight well. This condition is usually treated with a simple surgery (called pyloromyotomy). Occasional projectile vomiting doesn't mean the baby has pyloric stenosis, but if it occurs once a day or more, you should have your baby checked by his doctor.

Reflux in adults causes heartburn. Symptoms of reflux in infants may include sudden, inconsolable crying; refusing to nurse, or wanting to nurse 'constantly'; difficulty swallowing; vomiting hours after eating; frequent sore or irritated throat; breathing difficulties, such as wheezing, bronchitis, labored breathing or apnea; disruption of s leep patterns, or slow weight gain. Many healthy, normal babies will have some of these symptoms without having reflux. Reflux is not usually considered a problem unless the baby is really hurting and miserable, is not gaining weight, has choking episodes, or is experiencing complications from aspirated fluid or inflamed tissue in his esophagus. In most cases, treatment of reflux focuses on helping your baby be more comfortable while his digestive system has time to mature. Many babies with symptoms of reflux show great improvement by the middle of the first year, and outgrow it completely by one year, although sometimes it takes longer.

Research has shown that breast-fed babies have fewer and less severe episodes of reflux than formula-fed babies. Breast milk is more easily digested than formula, and is emptied from the baby's stomach twice as quickly. The less time the milk spends in the stomach, then the less opportunity it has to back up into the esophagus. Any delay in stomach emptying can aggravate reflux. Because human milk is digested so quickly, more milk can be absorbed in a shorter amount of time, even if it does come back up.

Another advantage of breastfeeding the baby with reflux is that human milk is less irritating to the esophagus than formula, and has a lower acidity, so if the baby does aspirate it, it causes less burning. Breastfed baby's spit-up also has a much less offensive smell than a formula-fed baby's, and it is less likely to stain clothing.

Another advantage of nursing the baby with reflux is the 'comfort factor'. The closeness between the nursing couple is unique. When your baby is in pain or unhappy, it is easy to become overwhelmed and stressed out. Nursing gives you a built in way to comfort your little one, and the hormones produced when you breastfeed help you relax while dealing with a very fussy baby. Nursing helps you respond to your baby's cues, and while you can't always eliminate his discomfort or make him happy, it is important for you to be there to comfort him, and nursing (with the closeness and body contact that it involves) is the very best way to do that.

Once the diagnosis of reflux is made - usually based on the mom's description of her baby's behavior, but often doctors will give the baby a radioactive isotope in milk and track the passage of the milk - breast milk can be used for this test, and given by dropper or cup if the baby won't take a bottle and other medical problems such as lung disease, asthma, or pyloric stenosis are ruled out, treatment options vary. Usually the first thing to try is upright positioning during and after feedings. Some baby seats can aggravate reflux because they bend the baby's middle and put pressure on his stomach. Using a front carrier or baby sling, elevating the crib at a 45 degree or greater angle, or letting him sleep upright on your chest are good alternatives.

The next thing is to try to identify foods or vitamins in the mother or baby's diet that might be causing a reaction. In the past, it was often recommended that mothers add cereal to thicken their baby's feedings. The theory was that thicker food would have a harder time bouncing back up into the esophagus. This method has not been shown to be effective, and can interfere with breastfeeding. It can also cause more irritation to the baby's esophagus if it is aspirated, and is not commonly used today.

If these measures don't work, the next step is to try medicine to reduce stomach acid and help speed up the time that it takes for the milk to pass into the baby's intestines. A commonly used medication is Zantac (which reduces stomach acid). Surgery is a last resort, and is reserved for severe cases with dangerous complications, and only after all other treatment has failed.

One common challenge to overcome when dealing with reflux is that since the baby experiences pain when he eats, he may decide he doesn't want to nurse. This can be terribly frustrating for both you and your baby, and can result in low weight gain. If he needs to be supplemented, you can pump after feedings to get high calorie hindmilk and supplement with that instead of formula. If you don't want to use bottles, see the article Introducing Bottles and Pacifiers to the Breastfed Baby, for information on alternate feeding methods.

Experiment with the suggestions in this article, because what works for one baby may not work for another. Work closely and communicate with your baby's health care providers, because treatment of reflux can require adjusting medications and trying different options until you find what works for your baby.

Make sure that you have lots of support and help for you and your family while you are dealing with the stress of an unhappy baby. Ask for help! Let someone bring you meals or take your older kids for a while. A great support group for parents dealing with reflux is PAGER (Pediatric/Adolescent Gastroesophageal Reflux Association). PAGER is a national organization that provides information and support to families who have children with reflux. They have brochures, hold monthly meetings, and publish a monthly newsletter. Their website address is www.reflux.org.

If your baby has reflux, try to keep a positive attitude, and remember that in almost all cases, spitting up and reflux occurs in healthy babies who just need a little more time to grow. Before you know it, your fussy baby will be a teenager and getting his driver's license, and then you'll really have something to worry about!

*Please 'Pay it Forward'!*

If you found any of the information in this article helpful, please consider making a small donation to my favorite cause - Project Pets: Spay, Neuter, Love, an all volunteer, non-profit organization that provides free spay and neuter services for homeless rescue dogs and cats...because every baby deserves a home, whether they have two legs or four! To find out more, visit Project Pets on Facebook.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Nearly all babies will spit up after some feedings, whether they are breastfed or bottle-fed. In a healthy baby who is gaining weight well and has good urine output (6-8 wet cloth diapers or 5-6 disposable) and at least 3 bowel movements in 24 hours (in babies over 6 weeks old, stooling less often is normal), then spitting up is more of a laundry problem than a medical problem.

# data[].attributes.headline
10 Natural Remedies for Acid Reflux in Babies

# data[].attributes.subject
10 Natural Remedies for Acid Reflux in Babies

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Last Updated on

As parents, we are used to babies throwing up spit and coughing. Acid reflux may also look strangely similar but usually, your baby will look troubled or may even end up crying. Most babies have this occasionally but if your baby has this more frequently, then this is a problem that needs addressing. There are a few acid reflux remedies that are natural and safe to use.

How to Treat Baby Acid Reflux Naturally?

Here are some natural ways to treat acid reflux in your little one.

1. Cumin Seeds

The seeds of cumin are known to stimulate the process of digestion, thus bringing a reduction in the chances of acidity and gas from occurring. Babies can be given cumin seed water. Boiling a few spoons of cumin seeds with water and straining it gives a solution that can be consumed by the baby. A few spoons of this water given every day can bring relief from acid reflux.

2. Castor Oil

The constituents of the oil contain detoxing abilities, which can help to directly flush out any items in the baby's body that might be causing trouble. Take a cloth and dip it in castor oil. Put the cloth on the baby's tummy and wrap it in plastic so that the oil does not drip elsewhere. Cover this with cloth and let the cloth stay up to an hour. Later, give your baby a nice warm bath and the relief he gets will be supported.

3. Coconut Oil

Coconut oil consists of anti-inflammatory constituents. This directly affects the irritation that causes acid reflux in the child. Furthermore, the oil is known to lubricate the digestive system, making it function at a higher efficiency. The oil also contains lauric acid. This is an antimicrobial fatty acid that helps in boosting the immunity in newborns. A spoon of extra virgin coconut oil with hot water should be given to your baby thrice a day before feeding him.

4. Baking Soda

This may seem weird at first glance but makes complete sense in scientific terms. For acid reflux, baking soda is a quick recommendation that is given by many. Acid reflux is a sign that the pH value of your baby is at the lower end. By ingesting baking soda, which is basic in nature, it shifts the pH content to a higher side, reducing the acidic nature in the stomach. This provides relief from acid reflux and resets the functioning of the digestive system to a normal state.

5. Peppermint

Peppermint is available in the form of an oil which is a potent cure for acid reflux. Peppermint in itself contains quite a few soothing properties that provide relief from any spasms one might be suffering from. Peppermint oil is also known to provide relief in indigestion and inflammation, which also acts in reducing acid reflux.

It can be used on the baby by mixing a few drops of peppermint oil in a small spoon of olive oil. This mixture can then be rubbed on the baby's tummy to provide relief from the reflux. This should be done twice a day. Mothers can talk to their doctor if they can consume peppermint capsules or even make peppermint tea and consume it twice or thrice in a day.

6. Probiotics for Babies

The reasons for acid reflux could also be the absence of good bacteria in the gut, which results in a comparatively larger amount of bad bacteria that causes digestive issues and so on. The presence of good bacteria helps maintain a balance that fights off the bad bacteria and keeps the gut healthy. If your doctor agrees with this solution, you can administer probiotics for your baby. These come in the form of powders that can be given to your baby with the water. The powder can also be mixed with breastmilk in a bottle and given to the baby. If your baby is purely breastfeeding directly, then the powder can be applied around your nipple prior to the feeding so that it is sucked by the baby.

7. Motion Exercises

Most babies just lie down in their cribs without any motion or exercise. This could also result in improper digestion or acid reflux. A small amount of motion-oriented exercises can help stimulate the digestive process and also take care of any gas or bloating inside the stomach. These, consequently, reduce the chances of acid reflux from taking place. The best way is to let your child lie down flat and move his legs as if he was riding a bicycle. Undertaking this exercise for a few minutes every day will be fun for the baby as well as assist digestion. Do not do this right after feeding or at least half an hour prior to feeding the baby.

8. Chamomile

Chamomile tea is a well-known remedy for adults in taking care of the stomach as well as getting a good night's sleep. For acid reflux in babies, chamomile is also known to work wonders. The chamomile flower contains constituents that have properties that reduce spasms in the body as well as are light sedatives, too. This, in a combination, provides relief from acid reflux and allow the body to rest. Boiling a few flowers with water and straining them gives a solution, whose few spoons can be given to the baby every day.

9. Apple Cider Vinegar

This is yet another way that works on the principles of science and sets the pH value inside the stomach to a normal state. Once the acid levels are balanced, the acid reflux reduces and your baby will stop feeling any discomfort. Mixing a tiny amount of this raw unfiltered vinegar with warm water, and giving a few spoons of this mixture to your child is quite beneficial.

10. Feeding and Sleeping Practices

By making small changes in the position of sleep and feeding, chances of acid reflux can be highly reduced. It is good to ensure that the child is always upright while feeding is on. While sleeping, if acid reflux persists, try to provide an elevation of around 30 degrees for the upper part of the baby. This ensures that the food stays in the stomach and prevents the baby from throwing up.

Acid reflux rarely gets out of hand for babies and can be easily controlled. With the above-mentioned home remedies for reflux in babies, you can take care in ensuring that reflux is prevented altogether and your baby gets quick relief in case it has affected them.
Also Read: Gas Problems in Infants

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
10 Effective Home Remedies for Acid Reflux in Babies

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Last Updated on As parents, we are used to babies throwing up spit and coughing. Acid reflux may also look strangely similar but usually, your baby will look troubled or may even end up crying. Most babies have this occasionally but if your baby has this more frequently, then this is a problem that needs addressing.

# data[].attributes.body
by Dr. Sears

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
About Ask Dr. Sears

AskDrSears.com is intended to help parents become better informed consumers of health care. The information presented in this site gives general advice on parenting and health care. Always consult your doctor for your individual needs.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
AskDrSears.com is intended to help parents become better informed consumers of health care. The information presented in this site gives general advice on parenting and health care. Always consult your doctor for your individual needs.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Windi Gas and Colic Reliever for Babies 10 4.9 5 1

Buy 2 for £13.29 each and save 5%

Buy 3 for £12.59 each and save 10%

Want it delivered by Saturday, 10th Oct? Order within and choose Special Delivery at the checkout.

Key Features

1. Drug-free way to help treat wind & colic in baby for fast relief, pack of 10 Windi's

2. Windi The Gaspasser naturally relieves colic in babies by removing excess gas quickly and easily

3. Designed by doctors to be safe, comfortable and hygienic to bring calm and comfort quickly

4. Soft, pliable material that's free from latex and BPAs, gentle on your baby's body

5. Calms your baby in seconds, to help both them and you to get some sleep!

Baby colic is quick and simple to relieve with this clever doctor-designed invention

Colic in babies is often caused by excess gas or constipation. Just think - if you didn't understand what trapped gas was or how to relieve it, you'd be pretty miserable too. Trying to find effective colic relief can be a struggle - if your baby won't stop crying you will already be exhausted and upset, and colic can often have no specific cause.

If you think your baby's colic could be caused by trapped wind or constipation, give Windi a try! This clever catheter enables you to relieve your baby of trapped wind. Doctors will sometimes recommend using a rectal thermometer to do this, but Windi The Gaspasser is specially designed to be safer and more comfortable. Made from soft and pliable BPA and latex-free material, Windi is gentle on your baby's body. The stopper ensures that you won't insert it too far or harm your baby. It offers natural, safe relief from gas in seconds.

Ease your baby's wind quickly and easily without drugs or medicine! Using Windi is a simple 5 step process:

1. Gently massage your baby's belly downward towards the rectum

2. Lubricate Windi's tip with coconut oil or the lubricant of your choice

3. Lift your baby's legs and have a nappy ready; it's a good idea to do this in the bath!

4. Gently insert Windi and listen for a whistling sound; this is the air releasing

5. Remove and discard Windi, then enjoy the peace and quiet!

Each pack contains 10 disposable, biodegradable catheters. Suitable for babies from 0-6 months.

SKU

11922

Brand

Fridababy

Recommended For

Doctor devised home-use for relieving trapped wind in babies, quickly and gently.

Included Contents

10 Windi's for relieving colic and gas in babies.

Certification

CE Certificated

Quantity

10 catheters

Same Day Dispatch
Order before 3.45pm Monday to Friday and your order will be dispatched the very same day.

Discreet Packaging
As some of our products are of an intimate nature. Rest assured that no one, other than you, will know what is contained in your delivery. We use plain brown, unbranded, boxes. Keeping the contents secure and private.

Free Returns
If you're not 100% happy with your purchase and you have not opened or used any of the intimate products, and everything is in an un-opened, re-saleable condition, you can return them for FREE within 14 days of delivery to get a full refund. If not faulty, for hygiene reasons some items such as pillows, bedding and underwear etc. cannot be returned unless it is faulty, you can find the full list of excluded products here.
Speak to our Customer Care team if you have any questions.

Our Experts Are Here to Help
If you have any questions about our products, please pick up the phone and speak to a member of our Customer Care team. Our team have over 10 years of customer service experience, helping you make the best decision when it comes to your health.

Call us on 01482 496 931. Our Customer Care line is open 8.00am - 6.00pm GMT, Monday to Friday, 9.00am - 5.00pm GMT, Saturday.

If phone calls aren't for you, visit our contact us page to use our contact us form, email or live chat which is also available on our website 8.00am - 6.00pm GMT, Monday to Friday, 9.00am - 3.00pm GMT, Saturday.

Have you already brought a product?
We're still here to help! Let us know how we can help and we will endeavour to answer any questions you may have.

We Are Environmentally Friendly
The cardboard boxes we use to deliver your goods are made of over 70% recycled materials, the rest is made from pure Kraft from managed sources. Please recycle our packaging to continue the cycle.

We found other products you might like!

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Drug-free way to help treat wind & colic in baby for fast relief, pack of 10 Windi's Windi The Gaspasser naturally relieves colic in babies by removing excess gas quickly and easily Designed by doctors to be safe, comfortable and hygienic to bring calm and comfort quickly Soft, pliable material that's free from latex and BPAs, gentle on your baby's body Calms your baby in seconds, to help both them and you to get some sleep!

# data[].attributes.body
by dōTERRA

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Description

Consistently one of doTERRA's best sellers, Peppermint is always a useful oil to have on hand. Peppermint adds a refreshing, minty taste to desserts, beverages, smoothies, and even savoury dishes. A high menthol content - like that found in the doTERRA Peppermint essential oil - distinguishes the best quality Peppermint oil from other products. Peppermint is also frequently used in toothpaste and chewing gum for oral care.

Uses

Try adding one drop of Peppermint oil to your morning smoothie to start your day feeling more refreshed than ever.

When the summer heat seems to overwhelm you, add one drop of Peppermint oil and a cut fruit like strawberries or limes to a glass of water for a deliciously infused beverage.

Mix a drop of Peppermint oil with a drop of Lemon essential oil in water for refreshing mouth rinse.

Directions for Use

Cautions

Only use diluted. Take no more than one drop per day. Keep out of reach of children. If pregnant or under a doctor's care, consult your physician. Keep out of eyes, inner ears, face, sensitive areas, and mucosa.

Primary Benefits

Refreshing and powerful flavour addition to smoothies, cakes and desserts.

Aromatic Description

Minty, fresh, herbaceous

Collection Method

Steam Distillation

Plant Part

Whole Plant

Main Constituents

Menthol, Menthone, 1,8-Cineole

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Consistently one of doTERRA's best sellers, Peppermint is always a useful oil to have on hand. Peppermint adds a refreshing, minty taste to desserts, beverages, smoothies, and even savoury dishes. A high menthol content - like that found in the doTERRA Peppermint essential oil - distinguishes the best quality Peppermint oil from other products.

# data[].attributes.headline
7 REASONS WHY YOU WOULD GIVE PROBIOTICS TO YOUR BABY OR YOUNG CHILD

# data[].attributes.subject
7 REASONS WHY YOU WOULD GIVE PROBIOTICS TO YOUR BABY OR YOUNG CHILD

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Probiotics are beneficial for adults and children alike, but why and when would you give probiotics to your child?

Our gut microbiome plays a central role in supporting our health in a variety of ways. You may have recently read numerous blogs or research papers focusing on the positive impact of live bacteria on our immunity, digestive function and even the ability to alter our attention, behaviour and mood. 1,2 Perhaps you would like to support your child's health by optimising their gut flora, yet have a few questions we aim to answer.

The number of bacteria in the body, including our gut microbiome lining the gastrointestinal tract outnumbers even the body's own cells. It has been known for a long time that the bacteria play a role in digestion yet a new field of study is finding that these bacteria can influence many organ systems in the body, including diseases of the digestive tract, immune system and even the brain.

Over the past decade or so, we've seen a huge growth in childhood allergies, behavioural problems and chronic disease. Many experts now consider disrupted microbiome as a major contributory factor, and one that is possible to do something about using simple appropriate dietary changes and supplements.

Baby's initial exposure to bacteria via their mother's placenta, birth canal or hospital environment in the case of Caesarean section births is essential for training the immune system to respond appropriately to recognise potential pathogens, such as viruses or bacteria. ³ Once fully established, the composition and diversity of the microbiome is relatively stable, yet can be affected by dietary and lifestyle factors, such as the use of antibiotic medication. ⁴

Why and when to consider probiotics for your child:

Significant differences in infant microbiome have been noted depending on methods of birth. Babies born by C-section have lower bacterial counts and reduced populations of Bifidobacteria at 1 month compared to those born vaginally. ⁵ However, the simple solution to this is to populate your babies' microflora as soon as is possible after birth, by giving a daily probiotic bacteria supplement for a minimum of 6 months. ⁶

Certain probiotics have been designed to include the prebiotic GOS (galactooligosaccharides) in order to most closely emulate breastmilk.

Whilst it is sometimes important to give prescribed antibiotics to your baby, it is also vital to consider the longer term effects of this. Antibiotic medication not only destroys harmful bacteria, it does not discriminate therefore also affects beneficial microflora. This can leave us susceptible to recurrent infections, therefore following antibiotics it is vital to replenish healthy gut flora to enhance immune resistance.

Lactose Intolerance - breast or bottle-fed?

Whether you are breast or bottlefeeding your baby, milk contains the sugar, lactose, which can be difficult for some babies to digest efficiently. If your baby has been checked over by their GP and is still experiencing stomach pain, diarrhea, bloating or excessive wind (usually within 1-3 hours after a feed), it can be helpful to try lactase enzyme to predigest lactose, added into formula or expressed milk.Probiotic supplementation has been shown to support lactose digestion. ⁷

In rarer cases; 4-7% of bottle fed babies and 0.5% of breastfed babies, ⁸ can experience more severe reactions, for example, swelling of the lips or wheezing, as an immune response allergic reaction to the proteins in milk such as casein. This would need further GP investigation and possibly prescription of suitable hypoallergenic milk formula.

For breastfeeding mums, it may be beneficial to take a daily probiotic supplement and eliminate your intake of cow's milk protein. Although breastmilk does by nature contain some lactose, this would limit exposure and improve microbial diversity of breastmilk. ⁹

Baby thrush (e.g. white tongue coating) can be stubborn to alleviate and incredibly painful for mum on feeding. Low amounts of healthy gut bacteria (e.g. following antibiotic medication) can leave individuals susceptible to recurrent infections or thrush, due to overgrowth of yeast.

It may also be helpful for feeding mums to temporarily avoid all sources of refined sugar, yeast, alcohol and fizzy drinks, until significant improvement is seen.

Colic symptoms such as intense prolonged periods of crying (over 3 hours) and arching their back be disturbing and difficult to manage for parents desperately trying to relieve their discomfort, often feeling helpless.

Growing evidence suggests the infant's immature digestive system may be responsible for this, the proteins present in milk in particular being particularly difficult to digest. ¹⁰ Probiotics may be helpful in supporting efficient digestion and movement of food through the gastrointestinal tract. Whilst your child is under GP investigation, it may be helpful to choose a simple probiotic product to start with.

As they grow older, review your baby's progress and adapt their supplement programme as necessary for their specific age and needs. You could also consider visiting a local registered cranial osteopath, many of which specialise in infant colic.

A healthy gut wall is vital as our structural first line of immune defense, acting as a barrier with the environment. Lactobacillus species have been found to stimulate our immune system's natural function. The "PROCHILD" study in 2015 involved giving children aged 3-6 years, a combination of probiotics containing Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium lactic and Bifidobacterium bifidum, alongside a small amount of vitamin C daily, for 6 months. The results showed a 50% reduction in coughs and colds, antibiotic use and reduced absence from school. ¹¹

Common skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis or milia ("milk spots") can be incredibly sore and also distressing for parents trying to alleviate discomfort and determine possible underlying factors such as food allergy/intolerance or stress. Food allergies are an increasing concern in young children, where the incidence of food allergy is estimated to be greater in toddlers (5-8%) than in adults (1-2%). ¹²

Extensive research has shown live bacteria strains LAB⁴B, given during infancy can reduce incidence of allergy in children and improve symptoms of atopic eczema.

Would you like to try a probiotic for your child but you're not sure how to administer it? It's quite easy once you find what suit you and your child. Most high strength live bacteria products for children come in a powder. For infants, they can be mixed with a little milk and ingested directly from mum's nipple, or sucked from her finger/a dummy. The powder can also be given directly into their mouth before a feed. Practically, try whichever method best suits you and your baby.

For toddlers, the powder can be dissolved into milk/juice, onto a spoon to ensure they ingest it all, or into their porridge, yoghurt or mashed banana. The prebiotic often used, FOS, tastes sweet, therefore taste isn't a concern and they often like it!

We all want the best for our children's health. Digestion plays a crucial role in regulating immune function, in addition to supplying the body with the nutrients it requires during this critical period of growth and development. Adequate intake of vegetables, fruits, fibre and fluid encourages regular bowel movements, essential for effectively eliminating toxins. Taking a daily probiotic supplement provides a safe and effective way to support their immunity, digestion and even improve their mood, behaviour, learning and concentration.

The brand you can talk to:

We have a team of Nutritionists at the end of our advice line, open to you, for product support and advice (5 days a week). 0121 433 8702, clinicalnutrition@biocare.co.uk or live chat with us.

Or head to our advice page where you can find Healthnotes.

Not registered for an account with BioCare®?

You can register now to receive up to date news, product information and exclusive offers whether you are a practitioner or

References

¹ Reichelt, K. et al. Effect of a Dietary Intervention on Autistic Behaviour. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities. 2003; 18 (4): 248-257

² Owen, L. et al. A double blind, placebo controlled, randomised pilot trial examining the effects of probiotic administration on mood and cognitive function. 2014; 73:E29

³ Aagaard K et al. The placenta harbors a unique microbiome. Sci Transl Med. 2014; 21;6(237):237ra65

⁴ Madden, J. et al. Effect of Probiotics on Preventing Disruption of the Intestinal Microflora Following Antibiotic Therapy: A double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. International Immunopharmacology 2005; 5:1091-1097

⁵. Huurre, A., et al. Mode of delivery - effects on gut microbiota and humoral immunity. Neonatology. 2008;93(4):236-40.

⁶ Allen, S. et al. Dietary Supplementation with Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria Is Well Tolerated and Not Associated with Adverse Events during Late Pregnancy and Early Infancy. Nutrient Physiology, Metabolism and Nutrient-Nutrient Interactions. 2009;483-488

⁷ Oak, S. & Jha, R. The effects of probiotics in lactose intolerance: A systematic review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 2018; 1-9.

⁸ Turnball, J., et al. Review Article: the Diagnosis and Management of Food Allergy and Food Intolerances. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2015; 41: 3-25

⁹ Koletzko, S. et al. European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. Diagnostic approach and management of cow's-milk protein allergy in infants and children: ESPGHAN GI Committee practical guidelines. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2012;55(2):221-9

¹⁰ Leung A., et al. Whole cow's milk in infancy. Paediatr Child Health. 2003;8(7):419-21

¹¹ Garaiova, I et al. Probiotics and Vitamin C for the Prevention of Respiratory Tract Infections in Children Attending Preschool: a Randomised Controlled Pilot Study. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2015; 373-379

¹² Pawankar R, C. G. The WAO White Book on Allergy (Update 2013).

¹³ Allen, S.et al. Probiotics in the Prevention of Eczema: a Randomised Controlled Trial. Arch Dis Child. 2014; 1-6

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
7 Reasons Why You Would Give Probiotics To Your Baby or Young Child

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Probiotics are beneficial for adults and children alike, but why and when would you give probiotics to your child? Our gut microbiome plays a central role in supporting our health in a variety of ways.

# data[].attributes.headline
Reflux in Babies—How to Help a Struggling Infant Find Relief

# data[].attributes.subject
Reflux in Babies—How to Help a Struggling Infant Find Relief

# data[].attributes.body
What causes baby reflux? How can you treat it naturally? See what natural remedies worked wonders for my daughter’s infant reflux.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Does your baby fight the breast? Or arch his back regularly? Or scream if you lay him on his back? Does he projectile vomit after meals (or even spit up a little more than normal)? You may be experiencing the troublesome effects of reflux in babies.

What Are Baby Reflux Symptoms?

So you think your baby may have acid reflux? While symptoms may vary, here are some main ones to look out for:

Crying or uncomfortable after eating

Coughing or choking regularly

Refusing the breast/bottle

Arching back after eating

Resistance to laying on back

Gassy and/or foamy bowel movements

Colicky, unhappy, or seemingly uncomfortable in body

Wheezing, apnea, or breathing difficulties (respiratory infections)

Sour breath, burps, and hiccups

Throwing up, usually projectile vomiting (not with silent reflux*)

Failure to thrive or failure to gain weight

What Causes Infant Reflux?

First, let's ground ourselves in this truth... all babies have some level of reflux. This is because their entire digestive tract is immature. The sphincter muscle that separates the esophagus from the stomach is often undeveloped and opens regularly, allowing stomach acid to flow back up the throat, causing burning and pain.

As baby's brain and nervous system develops, they their vagus nerve function (what controls bowel mobility and digestion) may be weak. It also doesn't help that we often put babies on their back, whether for play or sleep, and this can only exacerbate symptoms. For some children, infant reflux will be more severe or they may be more sensitive to the effects.

How Acid Reflux in Infants Diagnosed?

There are actually two forms of baby reflux: acid reflux and silent acid reflux.

Acid reflux in infants usually results in regular projectile vomiting and intense crying.

Silent reflux is more subtle and characteristic of sour breath, hiccups, and physical stiffness or discomfort.

Most doctors will diagnose acid reflux or silent acid reflux in infants by persistent symptoms. However, some doctors may suggest the following tests:

Blood tests: Some doctors will look at various blood markers to see if the eating issues stem from something else like anemia or an infection.

Ultrasound: A device that uses high frequency sound waves to create an image of the upper GI tract looking for obstructions or abnormalities.

Barium swallow or upper GI test: The baby drinks barium, which coats the esophagus, stomach, and upper part of small intestine. Barium is a chalky white liquid that highlights any obstructions or abnormalities in an X-Ray.

pH probe: A long, thin tube with a probe at the tip is inserted through the mouth and positioned in the lower part of esophagus. It measures the baby's stomach acid levels and identifies any breathing problems. This is a very invasive test-baby will have to be hospitalized to administer it.

Upper GI endoscopy: This is another invasive test that requires a hospital stay. Doctors use an endoscope to look directly inside the upper GI tract and detect any issues.

Because most of these tests are invasive or involve some negative side effects (ever tried to find a vein on a baby?!), it might be best, with your doctor's approval, to start treating based on your baby's acid reflux symptoms to see if he improves.

Natural Remedies for Baby Reflux

1. Elevate baby while sleeping

If baby doesn't seem to settle when placed on her back, try swaddling her and putting her in a chair. This is an excellent rocker/sleeper for baby with acid reflux as well. If you are co-sleeping, you can use this device, which would also work well in a crib.

2. Elevate baby while eating

While it's tempting to use your nursing pillow and feed baby as he lays down, it's best to have him sit upright. This ensures that the milk goes down into the stomach versus staying up in the esophagus, which causes the discomfort. You can also have baby lean slightly against your chest if you're bottle feeding, or have baby nurse upright. A Boppy pillow can be helpful for positioning baby upright after meals, too.

3. Hold baby upright for at least 30 minutes after feeding

To make this easy, you can babywear in an infant carrier or simply snuggle baby as you walk around the house or sit in a comfy chair. If baby needs to go to sleep after feeding, be sure they sleep elevated to reduce acid reflux symptoms (never place any pillows in the bassinet or crib!).

4. Nursing mom elimination diet

Dairy can cause problems, because the proteins found in this food can irritate baby's immature digestive tract. If you suspect this may be the case, give up the offending food/drink for a good month before you determine if it's the culprit. Other common allergens include wheat, gluten, citrus, coffee, nuts, eggs, and soy.

5. Special Probiotics

While I normally don't recommend supplements for young babies, there are times they can make a big difference, particularly with baby reflux. Try a probiotic specially formulated for infants. is an especially helpful probiotic strain, as it has been clinically shown to reduce crying time by 50 percent in colicky breastfed infants. The idea is that probiotics can boost baby's digestion and help alleviate many of the baby acid reflux symptoms naturally. Mix a little into breast milk or formula and spoon feed or give with a syringe.

6. Try body work

Some babies may have reflux due to the birthing process. Griffin's birth was long and difficult, so I got him to a chiropractor right away. You can find chiropractors trained for the postpartum/newborn stage here. You can also try massage therapy or cranial sacral treatments. Again, look for practitioners with clinical experience with acid reflux in infants. Finally, you may want to do do some basic movement/ massage exercises with baby targeting gas and bloating, such as bicycle legs or moving your hands gently along her digestive tract in a clockwise motion.

7. Homeopathic remedies

Nat Phos is a natural cell salt that we normally produce to aid in digestion, but it can be insufficient in newborns. Always consult with your pediatrician before administering homeopathic remedies. If you get the OK, dissolve 1/2 a tablet in breast milk and feed to baby with a syringe after each feeding. Children under three months can typically have up to six tablets per day, but again, you'll want to check with your healthcare provider.

Are There Any Special Herbs or Supplements for Reflux in Babies?

Some moms also have success using products like Gripe Water or Colic Calm for baby reflux. I felt most comfortable with the cell salt, because it was supplementing something our body already creates (versus adding in new herbs or formulations). A baby's microbiome is so pure-you want to be careful what you add to it.

Is There Medication for Infant Reflux?

Of course, some medical doctors may recommend prescription medications to decrease or neutralize your baby's stomach acid, and thereby reduce some of the initial symptoms of baby reflux. Examples include:

Antacids such as Mylanta and Maalox

Histamine-2 blockers such as Axid, Pepcid, Tagamet, or Zantac

Proton-pump inhibitors such as Nexium, Prilosec, or Prevacid

Because many infants with baby reflux aren't producing enough stomach acid, acid-blocking medications are not recommended in cases of uncomplicated infant reflux. Otherwise healthy children taking these medications may face an increased risk of certain intestinal and respiratory infections. In addition, prolonged use of proton-pump inhibitors has been linked to problems in iron and calcium absorption in infants.

My Experience With Infant Reflux

Soon after our daughter Paloma was born, I could tell she wasn't comfortable. She always had a reddish hue to her skin and she was very stiff. Every time I tried to bend her legs or arms, she would fight me. She never spit up, so I didn't think it was baby reflux, but she was gassy and got hiccups a lot.

Since I was nursing, I gave up dairy in hopes that it would help. I also noticed that she liked sitting up and even sleeping in reclining chairs versus flat on her back. But it wasn't until I happened to smell her breath, that I suspected reflux in babies. It was sour.... huge red flag.

I tried all of the natural remedies list above, but Nat Phos was like a miracle worker for my daughter. We stopped all the natural remedies for baby reflux when Paloma was about 4 months old and never looked back. She now has the digestion of an ox and can drink pasteurized milk and any other food with no discomfort. YAY!

How About You?

Have you tried natural remedies for baby reflux? Share it with us in the comments below.

References

https://www.webmd.com/heartburn-gerd/reflux-infants-children?page=1#2

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infant-acid-reflux/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351412

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Does your baby fight the breast? Or arch his back regularly? Or scream if you lay him on his back? Does he projectile vomit after meals (or even spit up a little more than normal)? You may be experiencing the troublesome effects of reflux in babies.

# data[].attributes.body
Cranial osteopathy is an alternative treatment used to calm babies, improve their sleep, and solve a variety of health issues. Does it work, and should you consider it for your little one?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Cranial osteopathy is an alternative treatment used to calm babies, improve their sleep, and solve a variety of health issues. Does it work, and should you consider it for your little one?

Cranial osteopathy is an alternative treatment that involves gently manipulating the bones and connective tissues of the brain and cranium. These movements create a balanced symmetry, which leads to improved overall health.

Pippa Middleton shared in October 2019 that her one-year-old son Arthur receives cranial osteopathy. "It's a popular alternative therapy for newborns, particularly those who have had a traumatic birth, are unsettled, or have trouble sleeping," she wrote for Waitrose Weekend magazine. "It claims to heal, relax and promote sleep, digestion and body alignment through gentle head and body manipulation." Pippa adds, however, that there's little scientific evidence to suppport this treatment.

So what is cranial osteopathy, and should you consider it for your baby? We spoke with two experts for more information.

What is Cranial Osteopathy?

Cranial osteopathy is a subset of "osteopathy"-a type of alternative medicine that focuses on the "relationship between structure and function," says Zinaida Pelkey, D.O., an osteopath in New York City. Osteopaths work by gently manipulating bones, fluids and muscle tissues with their hands. They're fully-licensed physicians in America-although they generally have more holistic approaches than traditional MDs, says Dr. Pelkey. (In the United Kingdom, where Pippa's son receives her treatment, osteopathy isn't always done by certified practitioners.)

So what exactly is cranial osteopathy? It's essentially a hands-on treatment that involves the brain and bones of the cranium. "The brain governs body chemistry. Alterations to that function influence all aspects of health," explains Dr. Pelkey. A cranial osteopath is trained to diagnose subtle rhythmic motion that's present in the head and brain, and apply gentle contact in precise locations to create balance. This, in turn, leads to improved wellness throughout the body.

Most cranial osteopaths are Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine (DOs), according to Katherine J Scoville, D.O., P.C, an osteopath in White Plains, New York. They have a great understanding of the central nervous system and its interactions in the body.

Osteopaths differ from chiropractors, who aren't required to complete medical school and residency. They also have a different approach to health: chiropractors focus on the spine, while osteopaths treat the "muscles, bones, connective tissue, and joints of the body, according to The Osteopathic Cranial Academy. Osteopathy also isn't the same as craniosacral therapy; the latter requires no standardized training or certification. In fact, many craniosacral therapists are actually massage therapists, nurses, or physical therapists.

Benefits of Cranial Osteopathy

It's important to note that there's no scientific evidence for cranial osteopathy. However, supporters such as Middleton swear by the benefits.

For example, cranial osteopathy can help babies overcome lingering side effects of delivery. " Birth can be a traumatic event, even in a normal vaginal delivery that goes smoothly," says Dr. Scoville. "The baby can have extension through its neck as it works its way out, and there's pressure at the base of the skull." Cranial osteopathy can help relieve this tension in cranial bones and tissues.

What's more, the treatment can solve feeding issues that may negatively affect growth and nutrition. "In the area where the head meets the neck are nerves that affect feeding, swallowing, and digestion," says Dr. Pelkey. "These bones in an infant are soft and pliable, and they can be stressed during the birth process." Licensed DOs, she says, can use gentle manipulation in this area to regulate infant feeding, swallowing, digestion- as well as treat colic.

According to Drs. Pelkey and Scoville, cranial osteopathy can also help with:

Cranial Osteopathy Side Effects

"Cranial osteopathy is generally safe for everybody, and if it's done by a fully-trained osteopath, we don't see any adverse side effects," says Dr. Pelkey. You may notice that infants feed and sleep better after treatment, and they may appear more interactive.

There are some instances when a baby shouldn't receive cranial osteopathy, though. For example, Dr. Scoville wouldn't treat babies with cerebral hemorrhage, recent skull fractures, bleeding in the brain, tumors, abscesses, or open wounds. Talk to your doctor to determine if treatment is safe for your little one.

When Can Babies Get Cranial Osteopathy?

Babies can technically get cranial osteopathy at any age-in fact, Dr. Pelkey remembers treating a premature baby in the intensive care unit. The benefits usually last long-term as the body adapts to the changes.

The recommended number of treatments will vary for everyone. Sometimes one visit to the cranial osteopath will fix the underlying health issue, while other babies need recurring consultations. Dr. Pelkey also doesn't hesitate to refer patients to another kind of practitioner "if we think someone needs a surgical intervention or some other kind of management."

Is Cranial Osteopathy Painful?

Since the movement involved with cranial osteopathy is gentle, it shouldn't hurt the baby-although there may be mild discomfort. "There's no fear that we're going to damage something because we are working with the body's own forces," says Dr. Pelkey.

A real problem, though, is getting older babies to lie still during the treatment. " From 6 months to about 2.5 years, the last thing kids want to do is lie on their backs and have something done to them," says Dr. Peley. She usually calms wiggly babies with toys, music, and books. Mothers can also breastfeed their infants during the treatment.

The Bottom Line

As Pippa Middleton notes, there's a lack of scientific evidence around cranial osteopathy. The benefits are difficult to measure and prove. However, many parents swear by it-and given the lack of negative side effects, it's a safe treatment option to try.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The Truth Behind Cranial Osteopathy and Why Pippa Middleton Is a Fan

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Cranial osteopathy is an alternative treatment used to calm babies, improve their sleep, and solve a variety of health issues. Does it work, and should you consider it for your little one? Cranial osteopathy is an alternative treatment that involves gently manipulating the bones and connective tissues of the brain and cranium.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
I often get asked whether it's worth taking a baby that is upset to an osteopath, a cranial sacral specialist, or a chiropractor. So I thought I'd share what I believe is the most appropriate and why.

My recommendation and why?

So, if you haven't already guessed, and getting straight to the point, my preferred choice of practitioner for our newborns is an osteopath. One of my reasons for this is because they have to undergo between 4 and 7 years of full-time study, depending on which country they train in. They are also required to continue post-graduate development to retain their registration, where as a cranial sacral specialist does not undergo such extensive training, and when we are manipulating such a developing, transitional newborn body, I believe the more training the better.

When comparing Osteopath treatment to Chiropractor perhaps this is more a personal learnt thing for me as I watched my father's treatment with a Chiropractor growing up and it always sounded quite strongly manipulative as opposed to the gentle viewing I have witnessed of Osteopath treatment. So I am not categorically saying don't see a Chiropractor, I am just more familiar first hand with an Osteopaths gentle manipulation.

What is Osteopathy?

Osteopathy is a form of manual medicine that detects and treats damaged parts of the body such as muscles, ligaments, nerves and joints. There are a number of types of osteopathic treatments, one of which is cranial osteopathy. This is a gentle treatment that encourages release of stresses and tension throughout the body, including the head.

Appropriate age for treatment?

This really is a situation where the earlier the better although, I do still advise that you allow baby and yourself the time to recover and ground back to earth before making the journey for a treatment. If baby is unsettled, then making this a course of treatment early on can be helpful, and it is said that within the first twelve weeks of life is when they are very responsive to treatment.

I also believe that it should be standard practice that all newborns receive one Osteopath treatment as part of their postpartum healing. The journey from womb to world can be vigorous for some. The position in the womb may have parts of their body curled up in an unusual way for quite some time. The pulling of forceps may extend their neck just a little bit. So who wouldn't enjoy having all of those tight muscles released after such a journey. I know I would, and I have witnessed the incredible difference it can for the baby many times.

How can osteopathy treatment help colic and reflux?

One of the nerves that can be worked on to relieve colic and reflux symptoms is the vagus nerve, which helps manage the functions of the digestive tract. When the vagus nerve is damaged, perhaps from the way baby was birthed, or the way they lay in the womb, the required communication can be interfered with, potentially slowing down digestive contractions and capabilities. An Osteopath can gently massage the vagus nerve to open up the communication again, relaxing the digestive tract, which often reinstates sleep for a short time. Now I say a short time, only because many newborns then return home after the treatment to continue being cared for with practices that cause the symptoms of colic and reflux - or what I call Digestive Overload, the cause of these symptoms. This then brings a return of tension to the digestive tract, which in turn brings tension to the vagus nerve. So while I believe Osteopaths can help with the symptoms of colic and reflux, and for some newborns the relaxation of the vagus nerve is all they require for the symptoms to disappear, thankfully. I also do know that in the majority of cases, it's a piece of the necessary treatment.

So, if your baby has had osteopath treatment and seemed better for a day, or so, but then returned to the unsettled behaviour, you may want to read my book below to help you define and heal the care practices that are causing the Digestive Overload symptoms.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
I often get asked whether it's worth taking a baby that is upset to an osteopath, a cranial sacral specialist, or a chiropractor. So I thought I'd share what I believe is the most appropriate and why. So, if you haven't already guessed, and getting straight to the point, my preferred choice of practitioner for our newborns is an osteopath.

# data[].attributes.body
Colic is when a baby cries a lot but there's no obvious cause. It's a common problem that should get better on its own.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Find out about colic, including what the symptoms are, what you can do to help soothe your baby, and when to get medical help.