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PW6: Explain energy conservation and analyse process in terms of energy changes and dissipation

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What is energy? What are the types of energy?

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2. Collaborative Planning Document         Unpacking LO

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2. Collaborative Planning Document         Unpacking LO

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Lesson Plan PowerPoint for the LO

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Nature of Science:

NOS3, NOS5, NOS9.

(justification in links to other strands)

Other Science Strands

CW9 + EaS6

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Is Ireland using its energy efficiently? This graph will be used to show the efficiency of the electricity being supplied and not being dissipated

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Energy changes that take place in everyday life and the types of energy used in these changes

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4. Key Junior Cycle Skills and Principles

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4. Key Junior Cycle Skills and Principles

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This paper analysed the effects of becoming more energy efficient. It focuses on the positive affects it has on sustainable development and economic growth. It focuses on become more energy efficient and becoming less reliable on natural resources.

This paper would be used to show the importance of energy efficiency and eliminating energy dissipation. It would help show on a broader scale, how not being energy efficient causes problems at an economic level (cost), and from a sustainability point of view.

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Abstract

Due to the prevalence of . Due to asymmetrical data distribution, this study utilizes the method of moments regression - a more robust and efficient estimator. The results asserted that forest rents, coal rents, and energy efficiency adversely affect the region's sustainable development. At the same time, oil rents are a significant factor in sustainability. The mineral rents are found insignificant in association with the development. In addition, the total natural resources are negatively associated with growth, which validates the natural resource dependence and its adverse impact on sustainability in various emerging economies, this study analyzes this nexus more comprehensively. The research examines the specific influence of forest rents, mineral rents, natural gas rents, oil rents, coal rents, and total natural resource rents on the sustainable development of the BRICS economies. Due to the importance of energy efficiency in recent environmental protection and economic growth trends, this research tested its role in sustainable development from 1990 to 2020. For empirical examination, various panel data estimators are employed, which leads to the utilize the second-generation unit root test and validate the variables' stationarity quantile resource curse hypothesis in the region. Besides, the results suggested that the negative influence of energy efficiency is transformed into a positive one in the presence of total natural resource rents, reflecting the importance of natural resources for the region's sustainability. The causality results verify the robustness of the model. Based on the empirical findings, this study recommends policies for attaining sustainable regional development.

Introduction

Natural resources are considered the national assets from which other forms of the national capital are made. Natural resources are as important for sustainable development as they are essential for the environmental quality of the nations (Shao and Razzaq, 2022). The relationship between natural resource rents and economic development is an essential subject of discussion because it generates economic benefits that help the country's development process. In existing shreds of the empirical literature, the association between both variables is usually asymmetric. Several studies have inspected the association, but still, the linkage is ambiguous. Recent studies (Alvarado et al., 2022; Ben-Salha et al., 2018; Sharma and Mishra, 2022) determined that resource rents have a two-way directional association with economic growth with asymmetric associations running from rents to GDP and vice versa. The findings depict that increasing the revenue from natural resources can be advantageous in promoting economic and sustainable development. However, some studies observed negative and positive associations of resource rents on economic growth depending on the kinds of resource rents. For instance (Korkmaz, 2022), inspected that oil rents positively impact economic growth while natural gas and coal rents negatively affect the economy's growth (GDP). In another novel contribution (Asiedu et al., 2021), explored the negative role of oil, forest, and mineral rents on the economy's GDP, although natural gas and total natural resource rents presented positive connotations. The current study is beneficial in clarifying the vague associations.

Energy efficiency and economic growth are scarcely discussed areas. The literature highly discusses the impact of energy efficiency on climate and environmental conditions (Caglar et al., 2022; Rasoulinezhad and Taghizadeh-Hesary, 2022; Wang et al., 2022). The minimum energy usage for the same output amount is defined as energy efficiency. It is a substantial ingredient for all economic activities. The relationship in the existing literature demonstrates that there is a constructive association of efficient energy with economic growth (Rajbhandari and Zhang, 2018). considered the causal linkage between energy efficiency and economic growth and found that increasing energy efficiency is essential for economic growth depending on the country's income levels. The findings depicted that energy efficiency granger causes economic growth in some countries. Supplementary (Akram et al., 2020), observed a positive association between energy efficiency on sustainable growth.

The study aims to examine the influence of energy efficiency on economic growth in BRICS economies. To accomplish this objective, the authors employed energy efficiency and Gross Domestic Product as substitutes for sustainable growth in BRICS countries. The study exploits panel econometric approaches for analyzing the energy efficiency transition and economic growth associations. Further, the study also scrutinizes the long-run causal associations between the variables by employing pairwise causality tests. Second, the study aims to determine the role of different types of natural resource rents and total natural resource rents (TNR) on the economic growth (GDP) of BRICS nations. Natural resource rents have a substantial role in economic development, and every kind has a different impact on the economic growth in different countries. The present study tries to assess the role of diverse types of resource rents on the GDP of 'Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa as BRICS nations, a valuable input in the existing literature.

In consonance with the information on the BRICS portal, these countries have a substantial role in the global economy and financial system (Larionova and Kirton, 2020). The BRICS countries are natural resource-abundant economies that are gifted with growing energy reserves. Besides, the efficient energy agenda is an important concern for the BRICS nations to achieve sustainable development goals (IISD, 2022). Hence, the study is significant in scrutinizing the role of diverse types of resource revenues together with total natural resource rents and energy efficiency transition on the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of BRICS countries. The study is helpful in evaluating the economic policies and energy transition structures for environmental and economic development. Moreover, inspecting the diverse role of resource rents and energy efficiency on sustainable development is substantial because the BRICS nations together contribute almost 20 percent of the world's Gross Domestic Product. Henceforth, this new debate is noteworthy in investigating the influence of study factors on economic development.

The contribution of the study is in the succeeding ways. In the prevalent literature, previous studies (Dahir and Mahi, 2022; Dou and Li, 2022; Rasoulinezhad and Taghizadeh-Hesary, 2022) observed the impact of energy efficiency on environmental quality, while the present study focuses on sustainable development. Efficient energy is essential for reducing carbon emissions and boosting economic activity that leads to sustainable growth and development of the country. Therefore, according to the available knowledge of the authors, the current study assesses the connection between energy efficiency transition and economic growth in BRICS countries because efficient energy increases economic profits and productivity, which leads to improvement in economic growth. The present study contributes to the literature by examining different kinds of rents together with total natural resource rents in the BRICS region, such as Forest Rents, Mineral Rents, Natural Gas Rents, Oil Rents, and Coal Rents for the diverse of rents. Lastly, the BRICS countries have increasing economic potential and greater opportunities for economic influence on the world to reform and support the international system and economic organizations for more decisive global policymaking (Larionova and Kirton, 2020). Hence, the study outcomes contribute to the academics and literature in a novel way by simplifying the energy efficiency and resource revenue impact on sustainable economic development. It also extends the debate on empirical testing of sustainable development determinants: energy efficiency and resource rents.

The rest of the paper is organized in the following way. The upcoming section documents the empirical literature review on the variables' associations. Section 3 demonstrates the model, data and methodology applied in determining the connotations. Section 4 discusses the empirical results explored by employing the econometric approaches discussed in section 3. While section 5 deals with the conclusion and policy implications.

Section snippets

Literature review

This segment is further extended into two sub-segments to elucidate the relationships among the variables used for the study.

Energy efficiency and economic development

Nonetheless, the increased carbon and greenhouse gas emissions lead the globe to a serious threat of climate change and global warming. The prime reason behind such issues is the excessive use of fossil fuels obtained from natural resources. However, scholars have introduced various measures such as fiscal decentralization (Khan et al., 2020b), technology (Shahzad et al., 2021), financial inclusion and financial development (Qin et al., 2021a, 2021b), pollution prevention and new energy

Data and model specification

Following the objectives and the given literature, this study uses eight variables in total, where the factor or variable representing sustainable development is gross domestic product (GDP). Since GDP measures the economic health of the country, that considers aggregate consumption, government expenditures, investment, and saving, among others. Therefore, GDP is an appropriate proxy for sustainable development and growth of the region. In addition, several natural resources could substantially

Results and discussion

This study begins the empirical estimation process by analyzing the descriptive statistics and the normality estimates reported in Table 2. For instance, the mean and median values represent the trends, indicating such variables moving at an increasing or decreasing path. From the variables under consideration, the GDP, TNR, and ENEF report positive, while the FR, MR, NGR, and CR indicate negative values. Besides, the maximum and minimum values demonstrate the range of the variable, where the

Conclusion

In the contemporary era, all countries across the globe are paying attention to attaining sustainable development. For this purpose, most countries are consuming various natural resources such as oil, coal, forests, and minerals. In such a sustainability competition, the role of BRICS economies in utilizing natural resources could not be ignored as these economies are in the take-off position for economic development. Besides, these economies are among the top natural resources consuming

CRediT authorship contribution statement

Zhongbao Wang: Conceptualization, Methodology, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition. Asif Razzaq: Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing - review & editing.

Acknowledgment

This project was supported by the 2020 scientific research project of the Liaoning Education Department, entitled "A study on the historical evolution, operational mechanism and practical implications of industrial policy in the north-east since the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China of 1949", no. LQN202020.

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Natural resources, energy efficiency transition and sustainable development: Evidence from BRICS economies

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Due to the prevalence of natural resource dependence and its adverse impact on sustainability in various emerging economies, this study analyzes this ...

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Where does Ireland's energy supply come from? This resource shows the source of Ireland's energy. I will use this resource to show what forms of energy arise from these sources.

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The types of energy (explained) that are used in energy changes/conversions

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Energy | The Dr. Binocs Show | Educational Videos For Kids

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The Energy that is Dissipated and Transferred in the Atmosphere

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Example of energy dissipation in energy changes in real world applications.

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The Energy that is Dissipated and Transferred in the Atmosphere