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Elizabeth Loftus and research on the misinformation effect

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Elizabeth Loftus and research on the misinformation effect

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Elizabeth Loftus is a psychologist well known for her research on false memory; specifically, the misinformation effect. The misinformation effect occurs when memory has been corrupted by misleading information. Individuals who've participated in the experiments can be confident in the false information, even going into great detail about such events that did not really occur.

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My dog with letters and numbers on it, in the dining area. 

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George Sperling and research on iconic memory (hold about 5 things briefly in visual memory)

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George Sperling and research on iconic memory (hold about 5 things briefly in visual memory)

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George Sperling is a cognitive psychologist and researcher. Sperling's research and experiments documented the existence of Iconic memory. Iconic memory is a momentary sensory memory of a visual stimulus. Iconic memory shows that people have the ability to store a picture-image of a memory, in great detail, for less than a second, before it disappears.

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An alien and blue snake in the kitchen & the clouds became pink. 

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George Miller, a psychologist whose research and experiments revealed that humans can hold/store about 7 pieces of information (give or take one or two) in short-term memory. Other research confirms we can recall, without distractions, about 7 pieces of information, the number can vary slightly depending on the task. Miller's magical number 7 is psychology's contribution to the seven wonders of the world.

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Me holding a “it’s all about me” sign while sitting on my bed, in my bedroom. 

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The self-reference effect is the tendency for people to remember information better when it is related to themselves. When the information is connected to your own experiences, feelings and thoughts- you are more prone to remembering it. The personal connection allows for deeper encoding of information and strengthens the memory.

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The brain, using the toilet in my barroom. 

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Frontal lobes and hippocampus: explicit memory

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Frontal lobes and hippocampus: explicit memory

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The Frontal Lobes and the Hippocampus are the network that processes and stores new explicit memories. The left and right frontal lobes process different types of memories. The left frontal lobe is responsible for verbal, working memory, and the encoding of information. The right frontal lobe is responsible for the spatial-working memory, nonverbal memory, and the retrieval of information. The Hippocampus is a temporal lobe neural structure located in the Limbic system. It allows for construction of detailed memories. It is complex with subregions that serve different functions. Memories are temporarily stored in the hippocampus while the brain registers the episode to be remembered. Memories then migrate from the hippocampus to the cortex for storage.

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The brain, smoking a cigar while ironing clothes in the laundry room. 

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cerebellum and basal ganglia: implicit memory

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cerebellum and basal ganglia: implicit memory

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The cerebellum plays a key role in forming and storing the implicit memories created by classical conditioning. The basal ganglia are deep brain structures involved in motor movement. They facilitate the formation of our procedural memories for skills. Implicit memories are the formation of habits; the procedural memories for skills.

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The amygdala swimming in the pool in my backyard. 

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The Amygdala are two limbic system emotion-processing clusters. The amygdala is responsible for emotional memory and how we remember emotionally significant events. Emotional events produce tunnel vision memories, which prioritize the important information and reduce the recall of minor/unimportant details. Significantly stressful events can form unforgettable memories. The strong emotional experiences create stronger, more reliable memories. Flashbulb memories are a clear memory of an emotionally-significant moment or event. Dramatic experiences remain clear in our memory because we tend to rehearse them.

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Represented by a family of aliens driving away in my car, past my house. 

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long term potential and the neurotransmitter glutamate

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long term potential and the neurotransmitter glutamate

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Long term potential (LTP)-is an increase in a nerve cell's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation. This is a neural basis/ fundamental mechanism for learning and memory formation. The neurotransmitter Glutamate is a central role in this process. It is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. It is essential for learning and memory. It's critical for the change of synaptic strength.