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Summary:
In chapter one, the Germans have just taken over Denmark. Our main character, Lisa, and her family seem to be scared and worried when they see the German planes just above their homes (just like most of Denmark when they find out that they are being taken over). Lisa’s brother, Stephan, seems to be more angry than scared when Denmark was taken over. Then when Lisa goes to school for the first time after being invaded by Germans, everything is weirdly normal considering the fact that their countries have been taken over by the Germans who were known at the time to despise Jews. Then we meet Erik (Lisa’s cousin) he seems to be totally unbothered by the whole invasion, his mindset is more like “everything will be fine if I just follow whatever the germans are saying". Stephan is angered by him ( we quickly find out that Stephan has a short temper) and he almost hits him.

Questions:
What's Lisa's part in the war/resistance? So far it just seems like she's a normal girl that's afraid.

What exactly is gonna happen to Stephan? It seems that Stephan has a short temper so I think that's gonna play a big role in the story since it seems like he would attack any german person.

Vocabulary:

Copenhagen- Copenhagen is Denmark's capital city, it is also where chapter one takes place.

Ourøgade- Ourøgade is a street in Denmark, also the street both Lisa and Stephan use to get to school.

Leaflet- A leaflet Its like a brochure

jansvej- jansvej is also another street/road that Lisa and Stephan take for school.

sabbath- Sabbath is a Jewish holiday/festival that occurs on the 7th day of the week.

synagogue- A synagogue is a Jewish house of worship, so it's sort of like a church.

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Summary:
Chapter Two starts off with Lisa's dad yelling "I can't do it! I won't do it" indicating he's angry or frustrated with something, Lisa, on the other hand, can't sleep because she keeps getting nightmares about the nazis so she decides to eavesdrop on her parent's conversation. The Germans also forced all the people in Denmark to use black blinds at night so no light goes through them, that's so the allied bombers won't find their targets. If the German soldiers see any light going through the windows at night then they will shoot the person through the window, anyways that aside; It seems that Lisa's dad is a surgeon and he is telling Lisa's mom that he won't treat the german soldiers, Lisa's mom tells Lisa's dad that he can't say no directly in there faces unless he wants to be sent to a concentration camp or be killed. Lisa then suggests that Lisa's dad can pretend to be really nice and trustworthy when in reality he makes their condition worse by giving them sugar pills and other substances that cause them to stay out of commission. Lisa's dad and mom agree with the plan.

Adam- Adam is Erik's dad, he's a firm believer that the Germans are not doing anything bad and that if the people of Denmark would just follow the rules then everything would be okay(He has a similar mindset to Erik).

The Knudsen Family- The Knudsen Family is a close family friend to Lisa's family.

Vocabulary:
Passover- Passover is a Jewish holiday to remember the Jews who were enslaved in Egypt.

Exodus- Exodus means a mass of depart of people.

Mantzohs- Mantzohs is a traditional Jewish flatbread.

Articles about the blackout curtains
https://www.answers.com/Q/Why_do_danish_people_have_to_draw_the_black_curtains_in_Number_the_Stars

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackout_(wartime)

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Summary:
In chapter three Lisa overhears Stephans and Jesper's conversation about them talking about how the resistance won't let many Jewish people join the resistance, finally, Stephan convinces Jesper to talk to them (the resistance) about letting him join. Lisa thinks this is a great opportunity to help and actually do something instead of just staying home and doing nothing. Lisa then decides to follow Stephan and Jesper after school to see what they're doing, she ends up following them to the park, she hides behind a tree while she sees Stephan and Jesper meet a man who is dressed like its winter, she also notices that Stephan and Jesper also have their winter coats. The man wearing the coat leaves a big bag with something inside, then Jesper and Stephan stuff the contents in their jackets. Then Jesper and Stephan leave for the streetcars Lisa then doesn't know what to do she then decides to get on the streetcar with them and risk them finding out she's following them, but the streetcar already was driving away she then sees Jesper looking at her looking worried. She then starts running for the next stop, once she finally arrives at the stop and gets on the streetcar she can't Jesper and Stephan, then someone knocks on the window shes sitting at and it turns out to be Jesper and Stephan, they start laughing and making fun of her. she then sees a note near the seat she was sitting at, she then picks it up and runs home, when she arrives home she opens and reads the note, it says "yes, its a bulletin from the resistance. they've managed to blow up a tool factory and some rail lines they tell us to listen to radio free Denmark for more information."

Characters:
Jesper- Jesper Is Stephans friend That's part of the resistance who I think was the one who introduced the residence to him.
Questions:
Is Stephan angry or worried ever since Lisa found out what he's up to?
Does Lisa know the danger of joining the resistance and how it can bring danger to her and her family?

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Summary:
In chapter four Lisa confronts her brother about the resistance. She asks Stephan to help her by handing out leaflets and if he doesn't help her then she'll do it herself. Stephan doesn't take this seriously, he starts smiling and says "how?" She then replies by saying she'll follow Stephan and make copies of leaflets and hand them out. Stephan stops smiling and says that she could get caught. Lisa then convinces him to ask the resistance if she could join. The next morning Erik and Lisa arrived at school, when they arrived there was barbed wire all around the school, and men with dirty prison uniforms were silently looking at Erik and Lisa. Erik tries to talk to them in different languages but they don't seem to understand him. They seem to look starved and terrible. Lisa then takes out her lunch and gives it to the prisoners. She gave an apple to a prisoner with no teeth but the prisoner still did smile at her.

Then a guard sees them and starts yelling at them so they start running into the school. Mrs. Jensen says that everyone must go to a school called Hellerup. She also says that school classes only happen a few days a week. Erik gets upset and when Lisa asks why he says that he won't be able to keep his good grades without all his classes. Then when she goes home she waits for Stephan, when Stephan finally comes home he tells Lisa that when she does the laundry tomorrow then she'll go to a different laundry place then she'll say a code word to a guy there and he'll give her leaflets to hand out.

Characters:

Mrs. Jensen- Mrs. Jensen is Lisa's Teacher, and also the same teacher that started crying on the first day of the invasion.

Sussane- Sussane Seems to be a close friend of Lisa's, Maybe she's her best friend?

Predictions:

I think that soon Erik will learn how the German invasion is negatively affecting Denmark.

I also think something bad will happen while she hands out the leaflets.

Questions:

Is Stephan nervous at all about sending his younger sister to hand out leaflets?

Who were those prisoners? What language do they speak? Where are they from?

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Summary:
In chapter four it's Friday, the day she'll be handing out the leaflets. The chapter starts off with her on her way to the laundry place where Stephan said where she's going to be given the leaflets. when she sees the man that assumedly is secretly handing out the leaflets, she gets anxious and nervous. Then she says the code "Soren soreness Laundry". The man gives her a quick smile and gives them a big heavy laundry bag that has the leaflets in it. She asks if he can tell her mom that She helped the old man with his laundry and that's why she was late. he agrees, they both say their goodbyes and then Lisa goes to hand out the leaflets. Lisa feels extremely anxious and worried because if she gets caught she could be sent to a camp or she could be killed. she gets on the streetcar and she sticks her hand in the laundry bag to feel the leaflets. Then two German soldiers come on the streetcar and sit two seats away from her, they both look up and down at her and start laughing. She gets up from her seat and then while she walks down the aisle the car hits a full stop, she loses her balance and lunges toward the soldiers, and then she vomits on them, therein too much shock to be mad. then a few moments later they get to their stops and before the soldiers can do anything The people on the streetcar start blocking the soldiers, one of the passengers tells Lisa to go. she then runs out of the streetcar and then starts running. she runs onto the grass and then lies down. she feels horrible and she starts crying. she then gets herself together and stands up she then reachers a bundle of paper and starts laughing she gets on another streetcar and starts handing out leaflets. after she finishes handing out the leaflets she goes to the laundry place to return the bag and then the old man gives her money. she arrives home and tells Stephan everything and they both start laughing.

Questions:
Will Lisa get caught?
What would happen if she did?
Will her parents find out?

Predictions
I think that Lisa might get caught with this
I also think her mom and dad will find out Stephan is a part of Lisa helping with the resistance.

This article is about a real girl in world war 2 doing the same thing that Lisa's doing.
https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/sophie-scholl-and-white-rose

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Within the United States, Sophie Magdalena Scholl is not the best-known resistance fighter, but her story is a powerful one. She was a key member of the Weiße Rose (White Rose)-a resistance group run by students at the University of Munich who distributed leaflets and used graffiti to decry Nazi crimes and the political system, while calling for resistance to the Nazi state and the war. On February 22, 1943, she was beheaded for treason at just 21 years old.

Sophie was born in May 1921, the fourth of six children to an upper-middle class family in the south of Germany. Robert, her father, was mayor of Forchtenberg, an idyllic town in the northeast of the modern state of Baden-Württemberg. When Sophie was 10, the family moved to Ulm, a mid-size southern town dating back to the Middle Ages, where her father worked as state auditor and tax consultant.

After the Nazis came to power in January 1933, Sophie, along with most of her siblings, was an excited and happy follower of the National Socialist cult of youth. The teenager believed in the ideals propagated at the time. Similar to many of their contemporaries, Sophie was particularly intrigued by the focus on nature and communal experiences. She joined the BDM, the Bund Deutscher Mädel (League of German Girls) and quickly rose in their ranks. The parents, especially her father, did not like their children's' involvement in the Nazi youth groups and made no secret about it. A critic of the party from the beginning, who had raised their children firmly grounded in the Christian tradition, Robert Scholl viewed the developments in Germany and their children's interest in Nazism with growing fear and horror. Lively discussions were a daily occurrence at the dinner table, teaching the children the value of open and honest conversation-a rarity at the time.

Sophie's siblings, especially her oldest brother Hans, later to become a founding member of the Weiße Rose, also were members of non-Nazi groups of young people. These associations shared and propagated a love for nature, outdoor adventures, as well as the music, art and literature of German Romanticism. Originally seen as compatible with Nazi ideology by many, these alternative groups were slowly dissolved and finally banned by 1936. Hans remained active in one such group, however, and was arrested in 1937 along with several of the Scholl siblings. This arrest left a mark on Sophie's conscience and began the process that eventually turned her from happy supporter of the Nazi system to active resistance fighter.

On September 1, 1939, Hitler invaded Poland and two days later, France and Britain declared war on Germany. The older Scholl brothers were sent off to fight on the front. Sophie's life in Ulm changed as well. She graduated high school in the spring of 1940 and started an apprenticeship to become a kindergarten teacher. She eventually wanted to study biology and philosophy. In order to be admitted, students had to spend a period of time working for the state in the Reichsarbeitsdienst (RAD; National Labor Service). Sophie's hopes that becoming a teacher would allow her to substitute for the RAD were quashed and she instead had to enter the service in the spring of 1941. She hated it. The military-like regimen and mind-numbing routine caused her to find solace in her own spirituality, guided by readings of theologian Augustine of Hippo. She wrote down her thoughts, noting that her "soul was hungry"-she longed for an autonomous life, an end to the war, and for happiness with her boyfriend Fritz Hartnagel, who was now fighting on the Eastern front. Her doubts about the regime grew.

When she finally moved to Munich to study biology and philosophy in May 1942, her brother Hans, a medical student at the same university, and some of his friends had already begun to actively question the system. Serving on the Eastern Front, they learned about the crimes committed in Poland and Russia first hand and saw the misery with their own eyes. They knew they couldn't remain quiet. Starting in June 1942, they began printing and distributing leaflets in and around Munich, calling their fellow students and the German public to action. Other members of their circle joined in the endeavor, writing four pamphlets until the fall of the same year. As a student, Sophie had seen the flyers and applauded their content as well as their authors' courage to speak truth to power. When she found out about her brother's involvement, she demanded to join the group. She did not want to stay passive anymore.

The White Rose was a small endeavor with large consequences. At its core were siblings Hans and Sophie Scholl, their fellow students Alexander Schmorell, Willi Graf, Christoph Probst, and a professor of philosophy and musicology at the University of Munich, Kurt Huber. Together they published and distributed six pamphlets, first typed on a typewriter, then multiplied via mimeograph. At first, they only distributed them via mail, sending them to professors, booksellers, authors, friends and others-going through phone books for addresses and hand-writing each envelope. In the end, they distributed thousands, reaching households all over Germany. Acquiring such large amounts of paper, envelopes, and stamps at a time of strict rationing without raising suspicion was problematic, but the students managed by engaging a wide-ranging network of supporters in cities and towns as far north as Hamburg, and as far south as Vienna. These networks were also activated to distribute the pamphlets, attempting to trick the Gestapo into believing the White Rose had locations all across the country.

In reading the group's leaflets today, one cannot help but think of how chillingly accurate they were in their accusations and calls to action, and the powerful insights they provide about Nazi Germany: The third pamphlet reads:

"Our current 'state' is the dictatorship of evil. We know that already, I hear you object, and we don't need you to reproach us for it yet again. But, I ask you, if you know that, then why don't you act? Why do you tolerate these rulers gradually robbing you, in public and in private, of one right after another, until one day nothing, absolutely nothing, remains but the machinery of the state, under the command of criminals and drunkards?"

In their attempt to gain traction for the resistance and to stop the war effort, they gave clear advice and advocated sabotage of Hitler's war machine. Their fifth pamphlet stated: "And now every convinced opponent of National Socialism must ask himself how he can fight against the present 'state' in the most effective way....We cannot provide each man with the blueprint for his acts, we can only suggest them in general terms, and he alone will find the way of achieving this end: Sabotage in armament plants and war industries, sabotage at all gatherings, rallies, public ceremonies, and organizations of the National Socialist Party. Obstruction of the smooth functioning of the war machine....Try to convince all your acquaintances...of the senselessness of continuing, of the hopelessness of this war; of our spiritual and economic enslavement at the hands of the National Socialists; of the destruction of all moral and religious values; and urge them to passive resistance!"

In January 1943, the group felt empowered and hopeful. Their activism seemed to be working, rattling the authorities and sparking discussions amongst their peers. Their group was well-organized and they were about to set up even more connections to other underground resistance groups. Observing the political situation in Germany in January of 1943, Sophie and the White Rose members believed a change in the country was imminent. The German army's disastrous defeat at Stalingrad was a turning point on the Eastern Front, and voices of dissent grew louder at the University of Munich after students were publicly called out as leeches and war resisters. This encouraged them to work more boldly, distributing the flyers directly in person and writing slogans like "Down with Hitler" and "Freedom" on the walls around Munich. Their sixth-and last-pamphlet reads: "Even the most dull-witted German has had his eyes opened by the terrible bloodbath, which, in the name of the freedom and honour of the German nation, they have unleashed upon Europe, and unleash anew each day. The German name will remain forever tarnished unless finally the German youth stands up, pursues both revenge and atonement, smites our tormentors, and founds a new intellectual Europe. Students! The German people look to us! The responsibility is ours: just as the power of the spirit broke the Napoleonic terror in 1813, so too will it break the terror of the National Socialists in 1943."

Hans and Sophie distributed them at their university on February 18, for their fellow students to find walking between classes. At some point, in what we can assume was an attempt to make even more people see the flyers, Sophie pushed a stack off a railing unto the central hall. What is now an iconic scene in every movie and documentary about the group, was the moment that changed everything. The pamphlet drop was seen by a janitor, a staunch supporter of the Nazis, who had Hans and Sophie immediately arrested by the Gestapo. The draft for the seventh pamphlet was still in Hans' bag, which led to Christoph Probst's arrest the same day.

Mug shots of Sophie and Hans Scholl after their arrest by the Gestapo on February 18, 1943.

The three endured a mock trial after long and arduous interrogations. They took all blame for the White Rose's actions. This attempt to save their friends from persecution failed in the end, and Willi Graf, Alexander Schmorell, and Kurt Huber were arrested later in February and put to death shortly after.

After a half-day trial led by the infamous Roland Freisler, president of the People's Court, Hans, Sophie, and Christoph were sentenced to death for treason. Despite this horrific prospect, Sophie did not waver. Freisler asked her as the closing question whether she hadn't "indeed come to the conclusion that [her] conduct and the actions along with [her] brother and other persons in the present phase of the war should be seen as a crime against the community?" Sophie answered:

"I am, now as before, of the opinion that I did the best that I could do for my nation. I therefore do not regret my conduct and will bear the consequences that result from my conduct."

Sophie Scholl, Hans Scholl, and Christoph Probst were executed by guillotine on February 22, 1943.

While their deaths were only barely mentioned in German newspapers, they received attention abroad. In April, The New York Times wrote about student opposition in Munich. In June 1943, Thomas Mann, in a BBC broadcast aimed at Germans, spoke of the White Rose's actions. The text of the sixth leaflet was smuggled into the United Kingdom where they were reprinted and dropped over Germany by Allied planes in July of the same year.

The memorial for the White Rose in front of the main building of the Ludwig Maximilians University depicts the group's flyers.

In post-war Germany, the White Rose was and is revered. A myriad of schools, streets, and a prestigious award are named after individual members, the group or the siblings Scholl. Sophie's story looms especially large in the history of Ulm, my hometown. She personifies the importance of acting according to one's beliefs and of following your conscience, even in the face of great sacrifice. In our collective memory, her story reminds us to not be silent, and fight for what Sophie wrote on the back of her indictment a day before she was killed: Freiheit-Freedom.

English texts of the pamphlets are from White Rose Translation Project and The Holocaust Research Project.

Image of the indictment courtesy of Institute fuer Zeitgeschichte.

Tanja B. Spitzer, a native of Germany who came to New Orleans a little over a decade ago to study at Tulane University, is an expert on transatlantic history and cultural diplomacy.

Learn More

Modern mechanized armies need a robust logistics chain to provide fuel, ammunition, and other sinews of war to sustain combat operations. Fighting the Allies during the North African campaign of 1942-1943, German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel's Afrika Korps (DAK)was resupplied by a concerted air and sea lift effort.

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Sophie Scholl and the White Rose | The National WWII Museum | New Orleans

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Within the United States, Sophie Magdalena Scholl is not the best-known resistance fighter, but her story is a powerful one. She was a key member of the Weiße Rose (White Rose)-a resistance group run by students at the University of Munich who distributed leaflets and used graffiti to decry Nazi crimes and the political system, while calling for resistance to the Nazi state and the war.

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How Hellrup school currently looks like

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Lisa Chapter 6-8

Short Answer Questions

Answer the questions in point form on this sheet.

1. Give four reasons why Lisa’s fourteenth birthday is so memorable? (4)

when leaving for her fourteenth birthday she overhears a conversation about how a newborn baby's parents were killed by the Germans and how her dad barely got out alive.

Lisa gets a new sibling, Sarah after Sarah's parents were killed by the german.

Lisa’s best friend Susanne's parents were killed and Susanne was burned.

1. When Lisa tells Stefan and Erik about the hospital massacre, how does Erik react? Why does his reaction make Stefan so mad? (3)

After Lisa tells Stephan and Erik about what happened at the hospital Eriks is in disbelief but starts blaming the people who were killed and said that if they minded their own business that nothing would have happened. They make Stephan angry because there have been many times when Jews HAVE minded their own business but still get captured or killed. Stephan then lunges at Erik, Lisa held Stephan back and told Erik to run.

1. What “surprise” is waiting at home for Lisa and Stefan when they get back from Lisa’s birthday celebration? (1)

When Stephan and Lisa get home after her birthday event, they hear a baby crying when they open their door there's a baby in her father's hands, it turns out the baby is the same baby whose parents were killed, they name the baby Sarah because before the mother died she told Lisa father that she wanted to name the kid Sarah is it was a girl.

1. What happens to Susanne in chapter seven? (2)

After everyone went to sleep there was a big explosion

1. In chapter eight, what was Susanne’s motivation for helping with the resistance bombing? (1)

1. After they set the factory bomb, Lisa says the following:

“A chill runs down my spine. My God, I think, these Germans are dragging us all down to their level. How will we keep ourselves better than them?” (p. 46)

In your own words tell what does Lisa mean by this and what is she concerned about? (4)

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Mr. Moss gave me a free pass

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Advice Column

I'm a person living in Denmark. I have a sister, my mom, and my dad. I should also mention I’m Jewish which makes both me and my family a target for the nazis. I still don’t get why would they blame the Jews for their fall? Guess there is a lot more stupid than I thought. My sister asked me to help her with the resistance. My first thought was to say no and I probably would have told my parents to get her out of danger, but then the more I thought about it I really didn't want to let my sister down since she was so desperate to help with resistance, but on the other hand, I could disappoint my parents by doing this. I don’t want to let anyone I care about down, so I decided that I will help Lisa with the resistance, my parents can’t be let down if they don’t know right? Plus I hate the Germans so I would have liked to help as well. I know I made my decision and it's too late to turn back but… did I do the right thing? Do you think  I did the right thing? I could have put my sister in unnecessary danger and my parents might find out and been disappointed.