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In 1971, this case guided not only to only raise the question, but ultimately challenge against the state of Pennsylvania's educational laws- as they denied generalized, public education to the students that identify with specific intellectual disabilities that did not achieve a specific mental age by first grade. In essence, there was a lawsuit coming from the Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children and this was the primary one in the world to allow a just education for those students with disabilities. The attention from this case had aided in giving these students with disabilities a lot more legal protection. Before there was attention drawn to this, loads of public schools had purposely shut out students with intellectual disabilities and deemed them to be unsuccessful in a manner where they were seen as "untrainable." After this lawsuit, PA had to give a public, ethical education to those in between the ages of 6-21. Due to this case, Individuals with Disabilities Education Act had been further grown, helping students with disabilities in their rights to having a greta education.

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This case is extremely important for educators to know about because it shows us just how important it is to be a positive representative for students with disabilities. Just because a student may have a disability does not mean they should not receive a fair, moral, ethical, and quality education. In addition, I believe that this case directly impacts students, especially those with disabilities because it speaks upon the importance of fully educating those with disabilities in the state of PA. One of the sole purposes of education is to prepare students for their futures in the job market; helping educate students with disabilities from age 6-21 will help prepare them for being even more successful in the future. As a means for students without disabilities, while many people think that allowing those with disabilities to be immersed into a classroom with non disabled students can be a hinderance, having students with disabilities in the same classroom can broaden these students' perspectives and help them understand the world in a different light. Families of those with students that have intellectual disabilities are also directly impacted- specifically in the state of PA as they no longer need to worry about a quality education for their children. This way, they can live a day to day life knowing that their children will be educated, not constantly worrying about their futures and what they are learning in schools. In regard to society, I believe that society is directly impacted as during this time, people from society would have gotten hired to educate these students. While educators may claim to want the best for their students, if educators are educating as a means of money, and not to directly help these disabled students, this is going to be a hinderance in these students' lives as the implicit biases from educators may subconsciously overshadow actually helping these students, which is what their job entails. On the other hand, society may have more of an understanding for those who are disabled through this, an education takes a village and if a community is dedicated to helping these individuals, then they will be more apt to succeed. In conclusion, there are many ways that this affects and impacts not only students with disabilities, but those without disabilities, families, and society in total.

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To sum it up, on October 8, 1971, the court had ruled something in which the parties agreed. In essence, various state laws had been unconstitutional and it was necessary for the state to reconsider and properly evaluate the students with intellectual disabilities (from a mental perspective) that ranged from age 6 to 21 in an economically flourishing educational place. In more simple terms, it means that the state could not say no to giving a student a great education just because they have a mental retardation disability, or a disability in general.

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PARC (Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children) had entered a lawsuit directly up against the Commonwealth of PA in which there had been a multitude (14 to be exact) of students who had been disproved from getting a fair, phenomenal education.

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In the United States District Court, this was the primary time that trial was started for the Eastern District of PA.

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This was a very important day for the United States that deems as constantly memorable. Basically, the court had ruled on the side with the plaintiffs and this meant that PA revolting education to those with intellectual disabilities was deemed as unconstitutional.

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According to the Public Interest Law Center, per court, PA had to generate a free public education and be cognizant in the regard of working with a plethora of different students (special needs and not).

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To begin, in regard to the Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children (PARC) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (1971), knowing the historical context, significance, social implications, and legal precedent of the situation remains so vital as a future educator. This case was a monumental landmark in society for students with intellectual disabilities to be positively advocated for, as a means of representing them in public schools- specifically the state of Pennsylvania.

To preface, as for some historical context, 1971 was the year where this case raised the question and challenged the educational laws of PA because public, generalized education had been completely denied for those with disabilities that did not have a certain mental age by the first grade. Because of this, people were arguing that these students deserve a fair educative experience; this case had gotten so much attention, that students eventually got the legal protection they deserve- evolving into not only protecting students with disabilities, but guiding them to have the most positive experience possible. While many of the staff thought that these students were not worth working hard for, this lawsuit had forced the state of PA to give a just education to children that ranged between ages 6-21. This was just the beginning of the experience of changing students with disabilities' lives for the better.

In addition, as for the historical significance, so much had come from this lawsuit. IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act) was further enhanced because of this case which aided students with intellectual disabilities in having a wonderful, meaningful education. This plays such an integral part in the world because from one thing to another, this case led to the domino effect which helped advocate and bring attention to those with disabilities- helping them to achieve even more in the realm of education. This raised awareness and knowledge from society to try and understand a minuscule fraction of what those with disabilities had been going through. Just because students ages 6-21 were getting the education that every student in America deserves, doesn't mean there were not other complications with that. This case had led to society positively advocating and sticking up for not only these students, but the future of students with disabilities.

To add on, this case is vital for educators to know about and brings about many social implications. If someone is going into education, it is vastly significant to know the history behind those with intellectual disabilities and positively advocate, and inspire them to have great futures. This gives educators a sense of appreciation for these students and can help them feel compassion for these students- motivating them to work harder for these students to succeed. Also, the impact that this case has on students, families, and society is never ending. For instance, students who have intellectual disabilities are positively impacted because they get more of an education, and educative professionals are more trained and knowledgable in the regard that they can help these individuals to succeed in the world of education and in their futures also. Though students with disabilities are positively influenced, those without disabilities can be positively impacted as they will have experience with people with intellectual disabilities, broadening their horizons for the better. These students will have a better understanding of understanding that those with intellectual disabilities have an integral part in the world. Families of those with kids who are intellectually disabled are benefited as they do not need to constantly worry on a daily basis about their kid's potential. Also having a proper education will guide them in the future to get a job, and the families can live their lives knowing that their kids are going to be educated in hopes of being prepared for the real world, getting a job. As for society, this case gives society a means for helping those with intellectual disabilities to succeed. Because this case raised awareness for those with intellectual disabilities and tied that to education, this puts society in a stance of helping, and advocating for these students to succeed, as it takes a village. There are a lot of people that this case has influenced, but for the better.

Furthermore, the legal precedent was set on October 8, 1971 where the parties agreed that multitudes of state laws were unconstitutional and it was time for reevaluation for students with intellectual disabilities (from a mental component) ages 6-21 to be in a healthily funded, stable place. In other words, this means that the state was no longer eligible to say no to granting a student with disabilities education due to mental retardation, or any disability on the whole.

In conclusion, this case has had such a prevalence in the world from historical aspects, the influences on surrounding people, and in the legal world. This case had helped people with disabilities feel seen and spoken up for, helping them to succeed and achieve all types of goals in an educational setting.