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APS Middle School Math Teacher Tool Kit

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Have you ever started teaching a lesson and realized—right in the middle of it—that students are stuck… not because today’s content is too hard, but because a skill from last month, last year, or even last week is missing?

That moment—that pause, that pivot—is JIT Scaffolding.

It’s not reteaching an entire unit. It’s identifying the exact barrier in real time and giving students just enough support to move forward—without lowering the rigor.

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Video on the power of Just- In -Time scaffolding with Dr. Juli Dixon.

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Math Instruction for All Learners (Juli Dixon)

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So how do we provide differentiation that is equitable? We can still deliver differentiated instruction through appropriate scaffolding. The key is to provide the scaffolding just in time rather than just in case students need it. Just-in-time scaffolding helps to develop productive perseverance by allowing students to engage in demanding tasks on their own and then assisting them in maintaining the engagement when they struggle by using teacher questioning as the means of support.

Consider a class of students in Grade 7 who are tasked with solving the following problem:
Alex used up all of the money she had saved from her lawn care job to buy a skateboard. She then borrowed $17 from her mother to go to the movies with her friends. After she went to the movies she bought a soccer ball for $15. She borrowed that money from her mother as well. Alex keeps track of her money in her notebook. What should she write in her notebook to indicate her balance now? Explain your reasoning.
What are your thoughts as you read the problem? Are you thinking that the wording might be confusing for your readers who struggle? Are you thinking about issues students often have when computing with integers? Those are all legitimate thoughts. It is what we do in response to those thoughts that either supports or inhibits students' achievement. It is all about the scaffolding.

Often, when I observe teachers using tasks like this with learners who struggle, I see scaffolding in the form of teachers unpacking the word problems to the point that the task becomes a simple exercise. It might sound something like this:
Teacher: Would the $17 be positive or negative? Students: Negative. Teacher: What about the $15? Students: Negative. Teacher: What do we do when we add negative numbers?
The cognitive demand of the task is greatly diminished by this "scaffolding."

The students are no longer left to make sense of the context and determine the operation to be performed. The teacher is providing supports for students in anticipation of a struggle. This is what we mean by just-in-case scaffolding.

In contrast, imagine a classroom where the teacher provides space for students to do the sense making. It might sound something like this:
Teacher (after reading the problem to the students): Class, spend 2 minutes thinking about this problem and then share your ideas with your partner. (Teacher waits 2 minutes before circulating the room to listen to discussions of students as they work in small groups) Student (addressing teacher): We don't know how to solve it. Teacher: What is the problem asking? Student: What Alex should write in her notebook to show how much money she has. Teacher: What do you know? Student: We know that she spent all her money and then borrowed money from her mom. Teacher: Now work with your partner to see how you might represent the money she borrowed. (Teacher walks away.)
What you probably notice is that the teacher provides processing time for students to do the sense making. When students indicate a struggle, the teacher provides just enough information so that students can re-engage with the task without lowering the cognitive demand of the task ( Boston, Candela, & Dixon, 2019). Which classroom description most closely represents the opportunities you or the teachers you support are affording students? How would you describe your classroom?

The shifts in practice I suggest have the goals of ensuring that the students are doing the sense making and the teacher is supporting them to meet the learning goal through the task that is chosen and the questions that are used to support the implementation of that task. We can transition our unproductive practices to be productive by keeping the learning goal and student engagement at the foreground of our planning and by critically analyzing our instructional decisions and structures.
The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily represent those of HMH.
***
Dr. Juli Dixon is an author of HMH's K-8 core mathematics program, Into Math. This blog, originally published in 2018, was updated in 2024.

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Just-in-Time vs. Just-in-Case Scaffolding: How to Foster Productive Perseverance

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This article explains why to provide scaffolding

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New Service Now

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For full site functionality and security, you must use the latest version of either Chrome, Firefox, Microsoft Edge or Safari.

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AI-powered research assistant

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Sign up for the NMPED Math and Science Newsletter.

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Please check out the Structured Literacy Website for information about LETRS, AIM Pathways, the Structured Literacy Plan, and the Dyslexia Screener.

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Access Google Forms with a personal Google account or Google Workspace account (for business use).

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Instructional Materials has committed to a rigorous selection process for all HQIM. This process includes input from all APS stakeholders including your peers and content area experts. In our commitment to fostering academic excellence and supporting you, we emphasize the use of district-vetted and

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APS Math website for K-12

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Sparked by observing teachers struggle to implement rich mathematics tasks to engage students in deep thinking, Peter Liljedahl has translated his 15 years of research into this practical guide on how to move toward a thinking classroom. Building Thinking Classrooms in Mathematics, Grades K-12 helps teachers implement 14 optimal practices for thinking that create an ideal setting for deep mathematics learning to occur. This guide

Provides the what, why, and how of each practice Includes firsthand accounts of how these practices foster thinking Offers a plethora of macro moves, micro moves, and rich tasks to get started

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Comprehension Connections: Building the Bridge Between Reading and Understanding (September 29 - October 3)

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Comprehension Connections: Building the Bridge Between Reading and Understanding (September 29 - October 3)

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Register for our Fall Science of Reading Webinar Week to learn all about comprehension.

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Join us for five straight days of webinars to learn everything you can about reading comprehension. Save your spot now!

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Not your computer? Use Private Browsing windows to sign in. Learn more about using Guest mode

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UDL Quick links

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Accommodations within Read & Write

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Copy of 🔵NMPED-Amira 25-26 Professional Development

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Great game based learning platform for all types of learners.

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A free site for teachers and students at APS.

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Canva is a free-to-use online graphic design tool. Use it to create social media posts, presentations, posters, videos, logos and more.

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Explore all things Amplify with these great resources. They are located in the PD Library Tab.

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Forgotten how things work? Click here!

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First time using IXL? Curious about a feature you've never tried? Our illustrated IXL Quick-start Guides will help get you started.

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A fantastic tool for collaborative discussions and a quick exit ticket for students.

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Not your everyday calendar, here you can find important events in literary history, authors' birthdays, and a variety of holidays, all with related activities and resources that make them more relevant to students.

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Not your everyday calendar, here you can find important events in literary history, authors' birthdays, and a variety of holidays, all with related activities and resources that make them more relevant to students.

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This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data.

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It's time to improve literacy skills during social studies instruction and ensure that readers of all abilities have what they need to access grade-level social studies concepts.

Join us on Thursday, December 7 for a look at scaffolded materials that provide extra literacy support while building key social studies concepts and skills.

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Newsela | Content and assessment platform

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Content Aligned To National & State Standard, Flexible To Support Relevant Curriculum. Find the Perfect Piece Of Content For Lessons. Go beyond the book.

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Insightful blog, podcast, and resources from Jennifer Gonzalez covering classroom culture, teacher mental health, and pedagogy best practice.

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Teaching strategies, classroom management, education reform, educational technology -- if it has something to do with teaching, we're talking about it. Jennifer Gonzalez interviews educators, students, administrators and parents about the psychological and social dynamics of school, trade secrets, and other juicy things you'll never learn in a textbook. For more fantastic resources for teachers, visit http://www.cultofpedagogy.com.

Teaching strategies, classroom management, education reform, educational technology -- if it has something to do with teaching, we're talking about it. Jennifer Gonzalez interviews educators, students, administrators and parents about the psychological and social dynamics of school, trade secrets, and other juicy things you'll never learn in a textbook. For more fantastic resources for teachers, visit http://www.cultofpedagogy.com.

Inspiring and Motivating

I listen to these podcasts on my 35 minute drive to work and during my morning/evening walks. I have discovered so many resources in a short period of time. Jennifer addresses everything from social issues to technology in the classroom, and so much more. I feel extremely fortunate to have found this wealth of information for educators. What Jennifer shares on her website and on her podcasts are relevant to all those working in the educational field. I urge anyone who is looking for guidance in the teaching field to at least listen to one of these podcasts! Be careful though: It's addicting...:)...

First year teacher

I was first exposed to Cult of Pedagogy during grad school; a professor of mine shared with us a blog titled I think, "Find your Marigold". I was very impacted by the blog that I started referencing the website when I needed support to find more valuable information. Now that it will be my first year teaching, I have been listening to the podcast and the wisdom and knowledge that I have been receiving, is making a huge impact on me. There was only so much my teaching program and student teaching were able to provide for me and now it is up to me to go out a find the resources to depend my learning and fill in a lot of those areas that I still do not feel prepared for as a first year teacher. I will reccommend this podcast and blog to anyone I know going into teaching.

unconditional positive regard is NOT new

I struggle to take this seriously when the podcaster has no hisotrical overview of a conept that has been discussed since the 1950s when Carl Rogers wrote about it. One can change how one views disruptive behavior, if one is so fixated on bad behavior that a new 'lens' throgh which to view things is necessary. But, this does not change the behavior and the effects its has on reducing instrucional time and related, empirical affects pertaining to classroom dynamics.

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‎The Cult of Pedagogy Podcast on Apple Podcasts

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Teaching strategies, classroom management, education reform, educational technology -- if it has something to do with teaching, we're talking about it. Jennifer Gonzalez interviews educators, students, administrators and parents about the psychological and social dynamics of school, trade secrets,...

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Energize your classroom with friendly competitions, collaborative learning opportunities, and more! IXL tools make instruction fun for you and your students, providing immediate and meaningful insight into what they know.

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Math and Reading Intervention tool with information regarding learning, assessment and analytics. A great platform for measuring student growth and success.

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By selecting “remember” you will stay signed in on this computer until you click “sign out.” If this is a public computer please do not use this feature.

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‎Melissa & Lori Love Literacy ™ on Apple Podcasts

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Science of Reading: The Podcast will deliver the latest insights from researchers and practitioners in early reading. Via a conversational approach, each episode explores a timely topic related to the science of reading.

Science of Reading: The Podcast will deliver the latest insights from researchers and practitioners in early reading. Via a conversational approach, each episode explores a timely topic related to the science of reading.

Dr. Reid Lyon Episodes

Fascinating.

Horrible

I thought this was about science / potential energy and forces and motion acceleration and kinetic energy I'm maddddd

So when do we actually get to the science of reading?

The first five episodes are about how teachers are horrible to children, and how they have been letting them down for years, and that children only aren't learning because they've had horrible teachers. Not a single mention behind any of the science of reading methods or practices or theories. Just some interviews with some people who hate teachers

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‎Science of Reading: The Podcast on Apple Podcasts

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Science of Reading: The Podcast will deliver the latest insights from researchers and practitioners in early reading. Via a conversational approach, each episode explores a timely topic related to the science of reading.

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Education Podcast · Updated Weekly · Join author and professional learning coach April Smith as she explores research and insights into effective writing instruction in K-12 classrooms. She delves into methodologies, interviews experts, …

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Self-Improvement Podcast · Updated Semimonthly · The Teacher's Tool Kit For Literacy is the free podcast for motivated teachers and school leaders who want the latest tips, tricks and tools to inspire their students and school community in literacy ...

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The Bright Morning Podcast with Elena Aguilar

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Listen to Elena Aguilar’s The Bright Morning Podcast with Elena Aguilar podcast on Apple Podcasts.

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Self-Improvement Podcast · Updated Weekly · Jim Knight is the founder of The Instructional Coaching Group, a professional development provider dedicated to offering PD for coaches, teachers, and leaders based on a partnership approach that crea…

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Illustrative Mathematics Free Resources Hub

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Collection of bite-sized videos for fun and ideas for your classroom

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Sign up for the NMPED Literacy & Humanities Newsletter.

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New Mexico Public Education Department Email Forms

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Access materials, resources, testing platforms, Library Services, and more.

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An interactive tool for direct instruction and independent learning.

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Pear Deck is on a mission to help teachers create powerful learning moments for every student, every day - using the tools you already know and love.

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New name, same platform. Wayground is the new Quizizz.

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Develop models to describe the atomic composition of simple molecules and extended structures.

Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred.

Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.*

Apply Newton’s Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects.*

Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object’s motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object.

Ask questions about data to determine the factors that affect the strength of electric and magnetic forces.

Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects.

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To learn more about the standards, click here. To learn more about the NGSS Appendices,click here.

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Meet your team! We are here to support you.

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Desmos offers best-in-class calculators, digital math activities, and curriculum to help every student love math and love learning math.

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This new edition offers a step-by-step guide for teachers, counselors, and school leaders on how to address inequities and improve learning outcomes for all students.

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Explicit instruction is systematic, direct, engaging, and success-oriented — and has been shown to promote achievement for all students. This highly practical and accessible resource gives special and general education teachers the tools to implement explicit instruction in any grade level or content area.

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Explicit Instruction: Effective and Efficient Teaching (What Works for Special-Needs Learners) by Anita L. Archer; Charles A. Hughes: Acceptable (2010) | Goodwill Books

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ISBN: 9781609180416 - Soft cover - The Guilford Press - 2010 - Condition: Acceptable - Fairly worn, but readable and intact. If applicable: Dust jacket, disc or access code may not be included. - Explicit Instruction: Effective and Efficient Teaching (What Works for Special-Needs Learners)

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New Mexico Public Education Department (NMPED)

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New Mexico Social Studies Instructional Scope 1.0 | New Mexico Public Education Department (NMPED)

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The New Mexico Social Studies Instructional Scope (NMIS) offers educators a framework for designing and implementing effective social studies lessons. This webpage provides an overview of the scope’s components, including instructional tenets, planning guidance, resources, and sample content.

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Contact Julie Ornalas to sign up for this newsletter.

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Free videos, interactive lessons, and curriculum-aligned resources for every subject, curated by PBS.

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PBS LearningMedia | Teaching Resources For Students And Teachers

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Inspire your students with thousands of free teaching resources including videos, lesson plans, and games aligned to state and national standards.

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The Writing Revolution (TWR) provides a clear method of instruction that you can use no matter what subject or grade level you teach. The model, also known as The Hochman Method, has consistently demonstrated that it can transform weak writers into strong communicators by focusing on specific techniques tailored to their needs and providing them with targeted feedback.

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Free professional learning webinars for science educators

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Live and on-demand science webinars designed to support teachers in using collaborative, effective, and engaging science practices in K–12 classrooms.

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In Math-ish, Boaler shares new neuroscientific research on how embracing the concept of “math-ish”—a theory of mathematics as it exists in the real world—changes the way we think about mathematics, data, and ourselves. When we recognize the value of diversity among people and the multifaceted approaches to learning math, we are genuinely free to flourish.

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Mathematical Diversity book by Jo Boaler

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Buy a cheap copy of Mathematical Diversity book by Jo Boaler. From Stanford professor, author of Limitless Mind, youcubed.org founder, and leading expert in the field of mathematics education Jo Boaler comes a groundbreaking... Free Shipping on all orders over $15.

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Session Dates (Thursdays, 4:30-5:30 PM):

October 16, October 30, November 6, November 20, December 4, December 11

Register here to join the cohort! Register in iECHO to participate.

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Subscribe to the Educational Resources Channel

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Subscribe to the Educational Resources Channel

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APS’ Educational Resources Department strengthens student learning and fosters creativity, collaboration, and communication beyond the classrooms, empowering students of Albuquerque, New Mexico to become globally competent citizens. Our team is dedicated to empowering and inspiring educators to use Educational Resources to promote deep learning and continuous growth in both students and teachers.

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Brisk Teaching – AI Assistant for Teachers - Chrome Web Store

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Brisk Teaching is your AI-powered teaching assistant designed to save teachers 10+ hours a week. It works seamlessly with your…

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CLEAN updated Health 1 Course Framework.docx

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New Mexico Public Education Department (NMPED)

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New Mexico Science Instructional Scope 2.0 | New Mexico Public Education Department (NMPED)

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The New Mexico Science Instructional Scope (NMIS) 2.0 supports educators in understanding the NM STEM Ready! Science Standards. This webpage offers a framework for science instruction, including performance expectations, instructional tenets, and resources for teachers.

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Support Goal 4 Skills, Habits & Mindsets

Support Level All & Next Step Plan work

Slideshows to use with each lesson

Student and teacher feedback QR codes/URLs for each lesson

Questions? Contact Monica Asebedo, School Climate Manager, at maestas_moni@aps.edu.

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COLLEGE AND CAREER READINESS LESSONS.docx