# data[].attributes.body
Fire Hydrants have codes and standards that are controlled at a state and local level. And it should be unobstructed at all times, and within 50 ft of any building. The federal government does not control the code but the state or local levels that control it typically agree on most of the guidelines and codes.

Elliana, Oli, Zara, Zoe

# data[].attributes.body
AEDs fall under state laws. In Ohio, AEDs are not required by law, but they are recommended. This is because AEDs can prevent the possibility of a public building being sued if someone has a medical emergency (such as cardiac arrest) that could have been prevented with the use of an AED.

Elliana, Meredith, Oli, Zara, Zoe

# data[].attributes.body
Outside schools there are signs that have a gun free zone sign. This is a state law because federal cant make it, its past the federal jurisdiction. This makes it illegal for anyone to have a firearm in the school. If one brings a firearm into the school zone they can be fined up to $5000. This dose not have to just be in the school this just have to be in the school zone.

Elliana, Meredith, Oli, Zara, Zoe

# data[].attributes.body
The Egress used to be a smoking lounge in the late 1900's. In 2006 the Ohio government put the Ohio's Smoke Free Workplace Act in place. The act makes public places and places of employment smoke free. This is a state law because the federal government left it up to the states to decide.

Sadie, Madi, Will, Elise, Max

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
The pesticide free area sign means that no chemicals are used on an area of land. 

# data[].attributes.body
The law that is in charge of the pesticide free areas is the Federal Insecticide. It states that any pesticides must be registered and before they are registered they must prove that the pesticides "will not generally cause unreasonable adverse effects on the environment.''

Elliana, Meredith, Oli, Zara, Zoe

# data[].attributes.body
Although this mural is simply to show support for trans staff and students in the school, depicting Marsha P. Johnson (who is often credited as the leader of the Stonewall Riots and was a major advocate for the Pride movement), Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex (including gender identity and sexual orientation). This is an example of legislation at a federal level, as the Civil Rights Act applies to the entire nation. Thus, basic discrimination is not a local or state level issue, but rather a national one. (This Act also applies to race, religion, and national origin, not only gender).

Eliana, Meredith, Oli, Zara, Zoe

# data[].attributes.body
The Ohio Board of Building Standards states the regulations of fire safety required for every building in Ohio. These must be in accordance with the UL 217. States regulate the standards that are set for their states, however, the federal government requires that there be a single fire alarm in every building in the United States.

# data[].attributes.body
The old pool in the basement of the high school was covered in the later 1900s but remains of it are still here today. Right below the weight room, you can see the bottom of where the pool used to be. Back when the pool was still running it required many lifeguards to run. The certificate of lifeguards is set by the federal government specifically the U.S. Department of Labor. There are training that all lifeguards must take part in to acquire their certifications and the requirements/training are the same for every state. Which makes this a Federal law. Also through the federal government, it has a set of requirements for every pool. For example in recreation facilities like the old pool here at Shaker, a guard is required to be on duty while any amount of people is in the water. All of these are laws set at the federal level and carried out at the state level.

Madi, Will, Max, Sadie, Elise

# data[].attributes.body
City of Thieves is a book taught to all 11th graders at SHHS, but some local governments across the US have banned it from being taught in schools. The local government controls what books are available/allowed to be taught. This is because the decision depends on the cultural, social, and political beliefs of people in the surrounding area. Max, Sadie, Elise, Madi, and Will

# data[].attributes.body
Stage 3 in the basement was deemed a bomb shelter during the mid-1900s. This allowed the SHHS to be prepared in the event of an attack during a time of high geopolitical tension. This demonstrates a Federal Government, because the federal government, specifically Congress under Article I, Section 8, Clause 11 of the Constitution, can declare war on other nations.

Will, Max, Sadie, Elise, Madi

# data[].attributes.body
There are two levels of laws concerning AED kits in Ohio. Ohio does not require AED kits to be installed in all schools, but it does grant qualified immunity from civil liability for buildings that do have them installed. That is to say that if a building (school, shop, anything!) installs an AED, they cannot get sued or blamed if someone has a preventable injury or medical emergency that the AED could address, since they provided access to an AED. This is called the Good Samaritan Law. Other states, such as Oregon, require AEDs to be installed in schools outright. There is additionally a state law for AED Maintenance. However, the decision on whether to install an AED is up to the discretion of the school board, that is, the local government.

Ezra E, Tessa N, Ingrid H, Ian K, Henry N

# data[].attributes.body
The MOTOGO club reconstructs motorcycles, a vehicle that requires a license from the state of Ohio to drive. Licenses like these are administered by the state because the number of people seeking motorcycle licenses is too large for the local government to catalogue and administer, while the state level does have the resources and scope to keep records of those who want to drive motorcycles. This is not a duty held by the federal government because different states have different road rules and regulations, and therefore different tests a motorcyclist must pass in order to get their license.

Ezra E, Tessa N, Ingrid H, Ian K, Henry N

# data[].attributes.body
Federal government- Nutrition labels are regulated by the Food and Drug Administration, as set by the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act that Congress passed in 1990. Most foods are required to have nutrition labels, and there are requirements for labels that have certain health messages and nutrient content claims. Some nutrition labels are regulated by the US Department of Agriculture, which is still a federal organization.

Ezra E, Tessa N, Ingrid H, Ian K, Henry N

# data[].attributes.body
At Shaker Heights High School we have a tutoring center. Tutors at the Arc are paid minimum wage.

Both the state and federal governments set a minimum wage making it a shared power. The federal government sets a standard minimum wage all employees in the US must be paid. However, states are also able to set their own minimum wage. If a state minimum wage is higher than the federal government the state wage must be followed.

Ezra E, Tessa N, Ingrid H, Ian K, Henry N

# data[].attributes.body
Various local governments across the US have banned or attempted to ban the book To Kill a Mockingbird from being taught in schools and included in local libraries. For example, a school board in Seattle took TKAM off its school's shelves in January 2022

https://www.deseret.com/utah/2022/1/28/22906501/seattle-school-bans-to-kill-a-mockingbird-over-racism-concerns-as-wave-of-book-challenges-continues. The local level of government has the power to regulate what books are available because the decisions on what books should be taught is largely dependent on the social, cultural, and political ideas of the area surrounding the school. Different school districts will have different sensitivities to various books.

Ezra E, Tessa N, Ingrid H, Ian K, Henry N

# data[].attributes.body
The Shaker Heights Police force is under the local government of Shaker Heights, Ohio. They are considered a department of the local government. The police enforce the laws enacted by Shaker's local government.

Since many laws are created at the local level, it wouldn't be possible to create police forces at the state or federal level, because their job is to enforce laws. Since laws vary by state and city, it would be impossible to have one police force assigned to more than one city.

# data[].attributes.body
State/Local Government - Cuyahoga County

Ohio Revised Code - Title IX AGRICULTURE - ANIMALS - FENCES - 955.01 Registration of dogs.
"Except as otherwise provided in this section or in sections 955.011, 955.012, and 955.16 of the Revised Code, every person who owns, keeps, or harbors a dog more than three months of age shall file, on or after the first day of the applicable December, but before the thirty-first day of the applicable January, in the office of the county auditor of the county in which the dog is kept or harbored, an application for registration for a period of one year or three years or an application for a permanent registration."

This is done at the local level because it is much more efficient for smaller local level government to register dogs, as if they are lost it is likely to be locally.  It would be too overwhelming for the federal government, or even the state, to do this task.