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Jesus of Nazareth is born in Bethlehem during the reign of Emperor Augustus. His life and teachings would become the foundation of Christianity, spreading initially among Jewish communities in the Roman Empire.

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Jesus is crucified in Jerusalem under Pontius Pilate's authority. According to Christian belief, his resurrection three days later becomes the central message of the early Christian movement, inspiring followers to spread his teachings throughout the Roman Empire.

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Emperor Claudius expels Jews from Rome, including early Jewish Christians, due to disputes over 'Chrestus' (likely referring to Christ). This event demonstrates early tensions between Roman authorities and the growing Christian movement.

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64 CE: Great Fire of Rome and Christian Persecution

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64 CE: Great Fire of Rome and Christian Persecution

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Emperor Nero blames Christians for the Great Fire of Rome, leading to the first major persecution of Christians. Many believers are martyred in cruel ways, including being used as human torches in Nero's gardens.

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A Christian martyr is a person who was killed for following Christianity, through stoning, crucifixion, burning at the stake or other forms of torture and capital punishment. The word "martyr" comes from the Greek word mártys, which means "witness." This meant that a Christian martyr was a witness for their religious belief or testified that they were Christian. They endured suffering and/or death for their beliefs. Early Christians martyrs were venerated, or regarded with great respect, and seen as both powerful leaders and examples. Martyrs are often viewed as heroes for their willingness to die for their beliefs.

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1. What is a martyr?

2. How were martyrs viewed by other Christians? Why?

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The Romans destroy the Second Temple in Jerusalem, significantly impacting both Jewish and Christian communities. This event accelerates the separation between Judaism and Christianity as distinct religions.

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Pliny the Younger writes to Emperor Trajan seeking advice on handling Christians in Bithynia. This correspondence provides valuable insights into early Christian practices and Roman attitudes toward the growing religion.

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Perpetua, a young Christian noblewoman, is martyred in Carthage. Her diary becomes one of the earliest Christian texts written by a woman, showing how Christianity attracted followers from various social classes.

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Direction: Read the excerpt below and respond to the questions.

Nor does your [Roman] cruelty, however exquisite, [help] you; it is rather a temptation to us. The oftener we are mown [cut] down by you, the more in number we grow; the blood of Christians is [the] seed [of the Church]. [...] On this account it is that we return thanks on the very spot for your sentences. As the divine and human are ever opposed to each other, when we are condemned by you, we are acquitted by the Highest.

1. What does the sentence, “the blood of Christians is [the] seed [of the Church]” mean?

2. According to this excerpt from Tertullianus, how does the killing of Christians impact the growth of the Church?

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Emperor Decius orders all citizens to make sacrifices to Roman gods, leading to widespread persecution of Christians who refuse. Many Christians face the difficult choice between their faith and survival.

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 How did Emperor Decius requirement affect Christians? 

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 How did Emperor Decius requirement affect Christians? 

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Emperors Constantine and Licinius issue the Edict of Milan, officially tolerating Christianity in the Roman Empire. This marks a turning point as Christians can now worship openly without fear of persecution.

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Emperors Constantine and Licinius issue the Edict of Milan, officially tolerating Christianity in the Roman Empire. This marks a turning point as Christians can now worship openly without fear of persecution.

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How did the Edict of Milan affect Christians?

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 It made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire

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It legalized Christianity and granted religious tolerance to Christians

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It banned all non-Christian religions in the Roman Empire.

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D) It required Christians to pay higher taxes than non-Christians.

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380 CE: Christianity Becomes Official Religion

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380 CE: Christianity Becomes Official Religion

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Emperor Theodosius I issues the Edict of Thessalonica, making Christianity the official state religion of the Roman Empire. This dramatically changes the status of Christians from persecuted minority to privileged majority.

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Theodosius I bans all pagan practices throughout the Empire. Christians, once persecuted for their faith, now see their religion become dominant as pagan temples are closed and festivals are prohibited.

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Because In the year before the Council of Constantinople in 381, Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire when Emperor Theodosius I issued the Edict of Thessalonica in 380, which recognized the catholic orthodoxy of Nicene Christians as the Roman Empire's state religion.

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Idk

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Is a person who was killed for following Christianit. Not true to there religion