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a. What is a learning objective, and why is it important in teaching? 

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a. What is a learning objective, and why is it important in teaching? 

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A learning objective is a specific, measurable statement that defines what students should know, understand, or be able to do by the end of a lesson or course. It provides direction for both teachers and students, helping to guide instruction and ensure that teaching activities are aligned with the desired outcomes.

Learning objectives are important because they:

Clarity what is expected from students. Help instructors design appropriate activities and assessments. Provide a focus for learning and evaluation.

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b. What are the characteristics of a well-written learning objective? A well-written learning objective should have the following characteristics: 

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b. What are the characteristics of a well-written learning objective? A well-written learning objective should have the following characteristics: 

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Specific: Clearly defines what students will learn or accomplish. Measurable: The outcome can be observed or assessed. Achievable: Realistic and attainable within the given time frame. Relevant: Aligns with the course goals and students' needs. Time-bound: Specifies when the objective should be met.

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c. Describe the difference between a learning objective and a learning outcome.

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c. Describe the difference between a learning objective and a learning outcome.

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Provide an example of each. Learning Objective: Refers to the instructor's plan and intention for the lesson. It focuses on the process of learning.

Example: "Students will be able to explain the differences between present.

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 d. Perfect and past simple tenses." Learning Outcome: Refers to the actual knowledge or skills that students have acquired as a result of instruction. It focuses on the end result of the learning process. Example:

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 d. Perfect and past simple tenses." Learning Outcome: Refers to the actual knowledge or skills that students have acquired as a result of instruction. It focuses on the end result of the learning process. Example:

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"By the end of the lesson, students correctly use present perfect tense in 80% of their sentences during a conversation activity."

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a. What is the purpose of lesson planning?

The purpose of lesson planning is to provide a clear roadmap for teachers, ensuring that instructional goals and learning objectives are met efficiently. It helps organize content, select appropriate teaching methods, and structure activities to facilitate student learning. It also helps manage time effectively and provides clarity on what is expected from both the teacher and students.

b. Describe the components of a well-structured lesson plan. A well-structured lesson plan includes:

Learning Objectives: Clearly defined goals that specify what students should learn. Materials and Resources: List of materials, tools, or resources needed for the lesson.

Introduction (Warm-up):

A brief activity or discussion to engage students and prepare them for the lesson. Presentation: The main instructional part where the teacher presents new content. Practice: Activities where students apply the newly learned concepts. Assessment: A way to measure student understanding, either through formative or summative methods. Closure: A wrap-up of the lesson to reinforce the day's learning. Differentiation: Adaptations made to address diverse student needs.

c. How does lesson planning help teachers in delivering effective instruction?

Lesson planning helps teachers by providing a clear structure, allowing them to stay focused on learning objectives, manage time effectively, and anticipate potential challenges. It ensures that the lesson is organized and that the content is delivered in a logical, meaningful way, improving student engagement and learning outcomes. It also gives teachers flexibility to adjust their teaching based on student needs.

d. How can you ensure that your lesson activities are logically sequenced and connected to the learning objective?

To ensure that lesson activities are logically sequenced and connected to the learning objective, teachers can: Start with simpler tasks and gradually increase complexity. Use activities that progressively build on prior knowledge. Ensure that each activity directly aligns with the learning objectives.

Regularly check for understanding and adjust pacing as needed. Use formative assessments to ensure that students are on track with learning goals.

Communicative Approach:

a. What is the main goal of the communicative approach in language teaching?

The main objective of the communicative approach is to enable students to speak well in other languages. It pursues the acquisition of the four language skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing) in real and true contexts. Instead of focusing on isolated grammar and vocabulary memorization, this approach focuses on interaction, negotiation of meaning and resolution of communicative difficulties.

b. How does the communicative approach differ from traditional language teaching methods?

Communication-centered: While the traditional approach focused on teaching grammatical rules and linguistic structures in isolation, the communicative approach emphasizes actual communication and the functional use of language.

Context and meaning:

The communicative approach considers language in a social and cultural context, and seeks to have students understand the meaning of words and expressions in different situations.

Authentic activities:

Activities in the communicative approach are more authentic and resemble real-life situations, such as conversations, role-plays, debates, and projects.

c. Identify three key characteristics of activities that align with the communicative approach.

Learner-oriented:

Students are given opportunities to express their ideas, opinions and experiences in the foreign language.

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Step 1: Researching an AI Tool

Selected Tool: Kahoot!

Main Features:

Kahoot! allows the creation of quizzes, surveys, and interactive games.

It works on devices with internet access and is accessible via any browser or through the mobile app.

Quizzes can be customized based on the topics to be covered.

Capabilities:

Promotes collaborative learning through live sessions or individual tasks.

Provides immediate feedback and allows teachers to assess progress in real time.

Motivates students with a gamified learning environment.

Potential Applications:

Teaching new vocabulary through interactive quizzes.

Assessing grammar concepts with dynamic questions.

Reinforcing listening and visual comprehension through images and audios.

Step 2: Developing the Activity

Title: "Let’s Master English Vocabulary with Kahoot!"

Learning Objective:

To expand and reinforce knowledge of vocabulary related to daily routines and activities.

By the end of the activity, students will recognize and accurately use 15 new words or phrases in sentences.

Activity Structure:

Introduction:

Learning new vocabulary is key for effective communication in English. In this activity, students will play a Kahoot! quiz designed to assess and enhance their vocabulary related to daily routines.

Instructions:

1. The teacher shares the link or game code for the Kahoot! quiz with the students.

2. Students join the live session using their devices (smartphones, tablets, or computers).

3. The quiz consists of 20 questions, each presenting one of the following:

A multiple-choice question about the meaning of a word.

A sentence with a blank space where students select the correct word.

A challenge to match a word with its image.

4. Students answer the questions within a time limit to earn points.

Practice:

Examples of questions:

"What does the word 'commute' mean?" a) A type of car
b) A daily travel routine
c) A breakfast dish
d) A time of day

Fill in the blank: "Every morning, I ___________ to work." (Options: run, travel, eat, sleep)

Match the image of a book with the word "read."

Feedback:

Kahoot! provides immediate feedback on whether an answer is correct or incorrect.

The teacher reviews the more challenging questions after the game, offering further explanations.

Content Developed:

20 vocabulary-related questions in various formats (multiple choice, sentence completion, image association).

Explanations for incorrect answers displayed at the end of the game.

A vocabulary list provided after the session for students to study.

Suggested Multimedia:

Flashcards or slides explaining each word in the quiz.

Audio recordings of the words to assist with pronunciation.

Expected Outcome:

Students will expand their vocabulary related to daily routines and activities. They will also experience an interactive and enjoyable learning method that will motivate them to participate actively.

Bonus: Kahoot! tracks student performance, allowing the teacher to identify common difficulties and tailor future lessons accordingly.

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Learning Activity: Teaching Simple Past Tense

Learning Objective:

Language Skill: Grammar (Simple Past Tense)

Topic: Simple Past Tense (regular and irregular verbs)

Goal: By the end of the activity, students will be able to correctly use the simple past tense in sentences to describe actions completed in the past.

Activity Structure

1. Introduction:

Objective: To introduce the concept of the Simple Past Tense.

Time: 5 minutes

Activity:

Start by reviewing regular and irregular verbs in the present tense.

Write a few sentences on the board (e.g., "I walk to school every day." "She eats breakfast at 7 am.") and highlight the verbs.

Explain how the Simple Past tense is used to talk about actions completed in the past. Provide examples:

Regular verb: "I walked to school yesterday."

Irregular verb: "She ate breakfast at 7 am yesterday."

2. Instructions:

Objective: To provide clear and structured instructions for the activity.

Time: 2 minutes

Activity:

Explain that students will use AI-powered exercises to practice forming sentences in the past tense.

Step-by-step Instructions:

1. The AI will present a list of actions, both in the present and past forms (e.g., "eat," "go," "watch").

2. Students need to identify the correct past form of the verb and complete sentences.

3. Students will then write their own sentences in the Simple Past tense, using both regular and irregular verbs.

4. After completing the task, students will receive instant feedback on their answers.

3. Practice:

Objective: To give students opportunities to apply the Simple Past tense in different contexts.

Time: 15 minutes

Activity:

Part 1: Verb Transformation Exercise (5 minutes)

AI Prompt: Present a list of verbs in the present tense, such as:

walk → _____

go → _____

have → _____

play → _____

eat → _____

Students fill in the blanks with the correct past tense form of the verbs (e.g., "walk" → "walked," "go" → "went").

AI Feedback: The AI will provide immediate feedback on their answers, highlighting mistakes and offering correct answers.

Part 2: Sentence Completion Exercise (5 minutes)

AI Prompt: Provide sentences with missing verbs, e.g.,

Yesterday, I _____ (go) to the park.

She _____ (eat) pizza last night.

They _____ (watch) a movie yesterday.

Students fill in the blanks with the correct past tense form.

AI Feedback: After completing the sentences, the AI checks and offers correction if necessary.

Part 3: Sentence Creation (5 minutes)

AI Prompt: Give students a list of actions and ask them to form sentences in the Simple Past tense. For example:

write

read

run

travel

Example task for students: "Write a sentence using the verb 'read' in the past tense."

Students can either write sentences or say them aloud if using speech recognition features.

AI Feedback: The AI will give feedback on their use of correct past tense forms and sentence structure.

4. Feedback:

Objective: To provide detailed, constructive feedback to reinforce correct usage and identify areas of improvement.

Time: 5 minutes

Activity:

Automated Feedback: After each task, the AI provides instant feedback, pointing out whether the verbs are correctly transformed into the past tense, and if the sentence structure is correct.

Peer Review: If students are working in pairs or groups, they can review each other's sentences, providing constructive criticism based on the rules of the Simple Past tense.

Instructor Feedback: After completing the activity, the instructor can go over common mistakes and review any problematic areas with the whole class.

Develop Content:

Prompts and Exercises:

Verb Transformation Exercise:

Provide a list of 10 present-tense verbs.

1. watch

2. play

3. go

4. eat

5. run

6. write

7. visit

8. study

9. drink

10. do

Ask students to fill in the past tense for each verb.

Sentence Completion Exercise:

Provide sentences with a blank space for the verb:

Last summer, I _____ (travel) to Italy.

She _____ (eat) a sandwich for lunch.

We _____ (watch) a movie last night.

He _____ (go) to the gym yesterday.

Sentence Creation Task:

Provide a list of 5 verbs and ask students to create sentences using them in the past tense.

Example verbs: read, visit, play, buy, sing

AI Tool Features:

Use AI to provide instant feedback after each task (correct past tense form, sentence structure).

Implement automatic error correction for common mistakes like forgetting to add “-ed” for regular verbs, or using the wrong form for irregular verbs.

Encourage students to practice by generating more examples, either by transforming present-tense verbs into past-tense ones or by creating new sentences.

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Learning Objective
Students will improve their writing skills by practicing sentence construction, coherence, and grammar.
Students will improve their reading comprehension by analyzing and responding to prompts provided by ChatGPT.
After completing the activity, students should be able to write coherent and grammatically correct sentences and paragraphs in response to questions and prompts, and demonstrate understanding of short texts by summarizing or discussing their main ideas.

Introduction:

Learning a new language requires constant practice, especially in key skills such as writing and reading comprehension. Writing helps you organize your ideas, use grammar correctly, and express yourself clearly, while reading improves your understanding of texts and expands your vocabulary.

In today's activity, we will use ChatGPT as a learning tool to improve these skills. ChatGPT allows you to interact in English, practice writing paragraphs, and analyze texts. It also gives you feedback to help you improve your grammar, sentence structure, and vocabulary.

By the end of this session, you will feel more confident in your ability to write clear and coherent paragraphs and understand texts written in English. Let's get started!

Activity structure

2. Instructions (10 minutes)
Students will log into ChatGPT and prepare to interact with it.

Start with a reading task: ChatGPT will provide a short text (200-300 words) on a given topic.

After reading the text, students must:

Summarize the main idea in 2-3 sentences.
Answer 2-3 comprehension questions provided by ChatGPT.
Proceed to the writing task: students will write a short paragraph (5-7 sentences) in response to a question related to the reading. For example:

What do you think about the topic presented in the text? Give your opinion and support it with examples.
How does the information in the text relate to your personal experience?
Students will then review ChatGPT's feedback on their writing, including grammar corrections, vocabulary suggestions, and coherence improvements.

3. Practice (30 minutes)
Step 1: Reading Task

ChatGPT presents a short, engaging text (e.g., "The Importance of Recycling") with comprehension questions:
What is the main idea of ​​the text?
Why is recycling important according to the text?
Provide an example of how recycling can help the environment.
Step 2: Writing Task

Students respond to the following prompt:
"Do you think recycling is practiced effectively in your community? Why or why not? Share your opinion."
Students type their responses into ChatGPT and review the feedback.
Step 3: Follow-up Challenge

ChatGPT offers a writing challenge: rewrite your paragraph, incorporating at least three new vocabulary words suggested by ChatGPT.
4. Feedback (10 minutes)
ChatGPT provides automatic feedback, highlighting grammar, vocabulary, and coherence issues.
Students can revise their work based on this feedback and resubmit for further suggestions.
The instructor reviews and discusses common challenges or impressive work during the session.
Developed Content
Reading Prompt Example:
The Importance of Recycling
Recycling is a critical practice to protect our environment. By recycling materials such as paper, plastic, and metal, we reduce waste in landfills and conserve natural resources. For example, recycling aluminum cans saves up to 95% of the energy needed to produce new ones. Despite its benefits, many communities face challenges to recycling effectively, such as lack of education or infrastructure.

Comprehension Questions:

What is the main idea of ​​the text?
What are the benefits of recycling mentioned?
Why might recycling not be effective in some communities?
Writing Prompt Example:
Do you think recycling is practiced effectively in your community? Why or why not? Provide examples to support your opinion.

Incorporating AI features:
ChatGPT will analyze students' writing, pointing out errors and offering corrections in real time.
It can suggest synonyms, restructure sentences for clarity, and recommend vocabulary improvements.
For reading, ChatGPT can adjust the difficulty of texts based on students' proficiency levels.

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In this resource or in this first part we will learn in a quick and precise way the various skills of English:

a. What is a learning objective, and why is it important in teaching?

A learning objective is a specific, measurable statement that defines what students should know, understand, or be able to do by the end of a lesson or course. It provides direction for both teachers and students, helping to guide instruction and ensure that teaching activities are aligned with the desired outcomes.

Learning objectives are important because they:

Clarity what is expected from students. Help instructors design appropriate activities and assessments. Provide a focus for learning and evaluation.

b. What are the characteristics of a well-written learning objective? A well-written learning objective should have the following characteristics:

Specific: Clearly defines what students will learn or accomplish. Measurable: The outcome can be observed or assessed. Achievable: Realistic and attainable within the given time frame. Relevant: Aligns with the course goals and students' needs. Time-bound: Specifies when the objective should be met.

c. Describe the difference between a learning objective and a learning outcome.

Provide an example of each. Learning Objective: Refers to the instructor's plan and intention for the lesson. It focuses on the process of learning.

Example: "Students will be able to explain the differences between present

d. Perfect and past simple tenses." Learning Outcome: Refers to the actual knowledge or skills that students have acquired as a result of instruction. It focuses on the end result of the learning process. Example:

"By the end of the lesson, students correctly use present perfect tense in 80% of their sentences during a conversation activity."

Lesson Planning:

a. What is the purpose of lesson planning?

The purpose of lesson planning is to provide a clear roadmap for teachers, ensuring that instructional goals and learning objectives are met efficiently. It helps organize content, select appropriate teaching methods, and structure activities to facilitate student learning. It also helps manage time effectively and provides clarity on what is expected from both the teacher and students.

b. Describe the components of a well-structured lesson plan. A well-structured lesson plan includes:

Learning Objectives: Clearly defined goals that specify what students should learn. Materials and Resources: List of materials, tools, or resources needed for the lesson.

Introduction (Warm-up):

A brief activity or discussion to engage students and prepare them for the lesson. Presentation: The main instructional part where the teacher presents new content. Practice: Activities where students apply the newly learned concepts. Assessment: A way to measure student understanding, either through formative or summative methods. Closure: A wrap-up of the lesson to reinforce the day's learning. Differentiation: Adaptations made to address diverse student needs.

c. How does lesson planning help teachers in delivering effective instruction?

Lesson planning helps teachers by providing a clear structure, allowing them to stay focused on learning objectives, manage time effectively, and anticipate potential challenges. It ensures that the lesson is organized and that the content is delivered in a logical, meaningful way, improving student engagement and learning outcomes. It also gives teachers flexibility to adjust their teaching based on student needs.

d. How can you ensure that your lesson activities are logically sequenced and connected to the learning objective?

To ensure that lesson activities are logically sequenced and connected to the learning objective, teachers can: Start with simpler tasks and gradually increase complexity. Use activities that progressively build on prior knowledge. Ensure that each activity directly aligns with the learning objectives.

Regularly check for understanding and adjust pacing as needed. Use formative assessments to ensure that students are on track with learning goals.

Communicative Approach:

a. What is the main goal of the communicative approach in language teaching?

The main objective of the communicative approach is to enable students to speak well in other languages. It pursues the acquisition of the four language skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing) in real and true contexts. Instead of focusing on isolated grammar and vocabulary memorization, this approach focuses on interaction, negotiation of meaning and resolution of communicative difficulties.

b. How does the communicative approach differ from traditional language teaching methods?

Communication-centered: While the traditional approach focused on teaching grammatical rules and linguistic structures in isolation, the communicative approach emphasizes actual communication and the functional use of language.

Context and meaning:

The communicative approach considers language in a social and cultural context, and seeks to have students understand the meaning of words and expressions in different situations.

Authentic activities:

Activities in the communicative approach are more authentic and resemble real-life situations, such as conversations, role-plays, debates, and projects.

c. Identify three key characteristics of activities that align with the communicative approach.

Learner-oriented:

Students are given opportunities to express their ideas, opinions and experiences in the foreign language.

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UNIT CREATED PHASE 3 MARIA JOSE CARABALLO ATENCIA.

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UNIT CREATED PHASE 3 MARIA JOSE CARABALLO ATENCIA.

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LESSON PLAN-MARIA JOSE CARABALLO ATENCIA.

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LESSON PLAN-MARIA JOSE CARABALLO ATENCIA.

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PRESENTATION OF EXPERT-MARÍA JOSÉ CARABALLO ATENCIA.

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PRESENTATION OF EXPERT-MARÍA JOSÉ CARABALLO ATENCIA.