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ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS.                                         (a)	List FIVE (5) main components in plant tissue culture medium.Senaraikan LIMA (5) komponen utama dalam media kultur tisu.                                       (b)	Explain THREE (3) advantages of clonal propagation. Terangkan TIGA (3) kelebihan propagasi klon.                                                                   

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ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS.                                         (a)	List FIVE (5) main components in plant tissue culture medium.Senaraikan LIMA (5) komponen utama dalam media kultur tisu.                                       (b)	Explain THREE (3) advantages of clonal propagation. Terangkan TIGA (3) kelebihan propagasi klon.                                                                   

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(c)	Determine THREE (3) ratio’s combination in plant organ development.Bina TIGA (3) kombinasi hormon nisbah hormon dalam pembentukan organ tumbuhan.                                                                                       (b)	Describe THREE (3) organic nutrients that are added in plant tissue culture medium.Huraikan TIGA (3) nutrien organik yang ditambahkan dalam medium kultur tisu tumbuhan. 

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(c)	Determine THREE (3) ratio’s combination in plant organ development.Bina TIGA (3) kombinasi hormon nisbah hormon dalam pembentukan organ tumbuhan.                                                                                       (b)	Describe THREE (3) organic nutrients that are added in plant tissue culture medium.Huraikan TIGA (3) nutrien organik yang ditambahkan dalam medium kultur tisu tumbuhan. 

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a) - Organic Nutrient

- Plant Growth Regulators

- Other Supplements

- Gelling Agents

b) Uniform Traits

– Ensures consistent quality, yield, and disease resistance.

Faster Growth

– Speeds up reproduction compared to seeds.

Trait Preservation

– Maintains desirable traits in seedless or hard-to-grow plants.

C) - High Auxin Low Cytokinin = Root Development

- High Cytokinin Low Auxin = Shoot Development

-[Auxin = Cytokinin] = Callus Development

D) Vitamins

- coenzymes are required to be added the medium for healthy growth of tissue cultures

Amino acids

- Serve as the organic source of reduced nitrogen

Carbon Source

- Sugar is very important as energy source

-Plant cultures are unable to photosynthesize effectively, they need external carbon for energy

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FARA AINA (2062).                                          a) - Inorganic Nutrient

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FARA AINA (2062).                                          a) - Inorganic Nutrient

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- Organic Nutrient

- Plant Growth Regulators

- Other Supplements

- Gelling Agents

b) Uniform Traits

– Ensures consistent quality, yield, and disease resistance.

Faster Growth

– Speeds up reproduction compared to seeds.

Trait Preservation

– Maintains desirable traits in seedless or hard-to-grow plants.

C) - High Auxin Low Cytokinin = Root Development

- High Cytokinin Low Auxin = Shoot Development

-[Auxin = Cytokinin] = Callus Development

D) Vitamins

- coenzymes are required to be added the medium for healthy growth of tissue cultures

Amino acids

- Serve as the organic source of reduced nitrogen

Carbon Source

- Sugar is very important as energy source

-Plant cultures are unable to photosynthesize effectively, they need external carbon for energy

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Kevin Isaac A/L Anbiah (2039)                  

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Kevin Isaac A/L Anbiah (2039)                  

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MUHAMMAD AMMAR DARWISY BIN IBRAHIM (2059)

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MUHAMMAD AMMAR DARWISY BIN IBRAHIM (2059)

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a)-inorganic nutrients

-organic nutrients

-gelling agents

-plant growth regulators

-other supplements

b) 1.Uniform Traits

Ensures consistent quality, yield, and disease resistance.

2.Faster Growth

Speeds up

reproduction compared to seeds.

3.Trait Preservation

Maintains desirable traits in seedless or hard-to-grow plants.

C) 1.High Auxin, Low Cytokinin

2.High Cytokinin, Low Auxin

3.Balanced Auxin and Cytokinin with Gibberellins

D) 1.Vitamins

coenzymes are required to be added the medium for healthy growth of tissue cultures

2.Amino acids

Serve as the organic source of reduced nitrogen

3.Carbon Source

Sugar is very

important as energy source