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Conventions of Greek Tragedy: 6 Elements of a Greek Tragedy

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Conventions of Greek Tragedy: 6 Elements of a Greek Tragedy

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Plot: A plot usually features a beginning, middle, and an end. It also often includes peripeteia and anagnorisis.

Character: Characters start the tragedy, escalate it, and continue the plot of the story. It usually includes a tragic hero, a person of noble stature who experiences a downfall due to a tragic flaw (hamartia).

Thought: Thoughts are concepts and messages that are expressed through the characters' speech and deeds.

Diction: Diction affects how characters convey their feelings and ideas, influencing the overall tone and outcome of the narrative.

Spectacle: Spectacles are visual elements of a performance, including scenery, costumes, and stage effects.

Song: Song in a Greek tragedy is any musical elements incorporated, including choral odes or lyrical passages. These enhance tragedy significantly and create emotion.

Here is your task!

Option A: Visual Learners

Create a visual vocabulary poster (digital or hand-drawn) featuring 5-7 terms with icons/symbols OR

Make digital flashcards using Quizlet, Canva, or Google Slides. OR

Draw a concept map connecting all the conventions and showing how they relate to each other, OR

Option B: Linguistic Learners

Write definitions in your home language alongside English.

Record a 30-second video explaining one term as if teaching a younger student.

Padlet Prompt: "Choose ONE way to study these terms and share your creation! Comment on at least one classmate's work."

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in medias res, tragic hero, hamartia, hubris, catharsis.

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Conventions of Greek Tragedy: in medias res, tragic hero, hamartia, hubris, catharsis.

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Conventions of Greek Tragedy: in medias res, tragic hero, hamartia, hubris, catharsis.

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In medias res: when a story begins in the middle of action (instead of a chronological beginning), the background details of the story are revealed later in flashbacks, dialogue, etc.  (in the midst of things)

Tragic hero: a character (often with a high social status) who has a flaw that leads them to their death/fall. (key characteristics. Peripeteia→when the hero's situation goes from good to bad. Anagnorisis→when the hero realises their flaw, but it's too late to change their fate.

Hamartia: When a character has a flaw (such as pride, ambition, or jealousy) that causes them to make a critical decision, setting off a chain of events that leads to their suffering.

Hubris: This refers to excessive pride, arrogance or ego, and leads them to overestimate their abilities and go against the gods (think they're better). When they change the fate of the gods, this often leads to their death.

Catharsis: The sadness or pity the audience feels upon the hero's death leaves them with the moral of the story and a sense of relief.

Here is your task!

Option A: Visual Learners

Create a visual vocabulary poster (digital or hand-drawn) featuring 5-7 terms with icons/symbols OR

Make digital flashcards using Quizlet, Canva, or Google Slides. OR

Draw a concept map connecting all the conventions and showing how they relate to each other, OR

Option B: Linguistic Learners

Write definitions in your home language alongside English.

Record a 30-second video explaining one term as if teaching a younger student.

Padlet Prompt: "Choose ONE way to study these terms and share your creation! Comment on at least one classmate's work."

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Oracle, Kommos, A Foil Character, Character Arc 

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Conventions of Greek Tragedy: Oracle, Kommos, Foil Character, Character Arc

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Conventions of Greek Tragedy: Oracle, Kommos, Foil Character, Character Arc

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Oracle: A person or place in ancient Greek stories that could predict the future or deliver messages from the gods. Oracles often warned characters about their fate.

Kommos: A sad, emotional scene in Greek drama where characters and the chorus sing or chant together, usually expressing grief or sorrow.

A Foil Character: A character who contrasts with another character (usually the main character) to highlight their differences. In Antigone, Creon is a foil to Antigone - their opposing beliefs make each character's values stand out more clearly.

Character Arc: It shows how a character changes (or refuses to change) from the beginning to the end.

Here is your task!

Option A: Visual Learners

Create a visual vocabulary poster (digital or hand-drawn) featuring 5-7 terms with icons/symbols OR

Make digital flashcards using Quizlet, Canva, or Google Slides. OR

Draw a concept map connecting all the conventions and showing how they relate to each other, OR

Option B: Linguistic Learners

Write definitions in your home language alongside English, OR

Record a 30-second video explaining one term as if teaching a younger student.

Padlet Prompt: "Choose ONE way to study these terms and share your creation! Comment on at least one classmate's work."

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Option A: Research & Share

Watch a video clip of a Greek chorus performance (you could embed examples)

Record a voice note (30-60 seconds) explaining the chorus's role in your own words.

Option B: Modern Comparison

Compare the chorus to something modern: a narrator in a musical? commentators in sports? social media reactions? Post your comparison with an explanation.

Option C: Creative Response

Write a sample chorus speech (4-6 lines) that could appear in Antigone, commenting on Antigone's decision to bury her brother.

"The chorus is like the 'voice of society' in Greek plays. What modern equivalent can you think of? Discuss!"

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Conventions of Greek Tragedy: Three Unities

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Conventions of Greek Tragedy: Three Unities

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✅ The Unity of Action: A single coherent plot

✅ The Unity of Place: Action occurs in one location

✅ The Unity of Time: Events unfold within 12 to 24 hours

Interactive Activity

Option A: Real-World Connections

Find a modern movie or TV show that follows (or breaks) the Three Unities. Record a voice note explaining your example.

Option B: Creative Application

Sketch a simple comic strip (3-4 panels) showing how a story would be different WITH vs. WITHOUT the Three Unities.

Option C: Critical Thinking

Debate prompt: "Do modern stories need to follow the Three Unities? Why or why not?" Post your opinion and respond to 2 classmates.

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What Are the Three Unities? | Action, Time, Place | 🎭 Literary Terms Simplified #monamimukherjee

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Research these questions and share what you discover!

Q1. Who were some of the most famous writers of tragedies in ancient Greece?

Q2. Can you name any famous plays by these writers?

Q3. What are some of Shakespeare’s famous tragedies?

Q4. For one of the plays you have mentioned, identify the hero and the fatal flaw.

Q5. Can you find any examples of modern tragedies? HINT: Look into these authors: Arthur Miller, F. Scott Fitzgerald.

Q6. What elements of tragedy does modern tragedy include?

Challenge: Find an image or video clip related to one of the plays/playwrights mentioned.

Extension: Add your own trivia question for classmates to answer!

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Read along to the script that accompanies the video! This is a simplified version if you need. If you are done reading, test your knowledge by answering these questions through the options given below:

1. When did Jean Anouilh write his modern version of Sophocles’ Antigone?

2. France from 1940 to 1944.

3. What was the Vichy regime?

4. What was the Resistance?

5. Research Further: What is a symbolic character?

6. Research Further: What does each character represent?

Option A: Video Response

Watch the video and the simplified script.

Record a video or voice reflection (1-2 minutes) answering: "Why do you think Anouilh chose to rewrite Antigone during Nazi occupation?"

Option B: Visual Timeline

Create a simple timeline (1940-1944) showing key events: Nazi occupation, Vichy government, Anouilh writing the play, and Paris liberation.

Use drawings, symbols, or digital tools to illustrate your ideas.

Option C: Connection-Making

Discussion post: "How does understanding WWII France help you understand the play better? What connections do you see between Creon/Antigone and the historical context?"

Respond to 2 classmates' posts.

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Let's Dive In: Jean Anouilh's Antigone and WWII