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Planting coastal protection forests, mangroves, etc. to reduce the strength of tsunamis.

In Japan - A country often facing the risk of tsunamis - A program to build breakwaters with a height of 4-5 meters has been implemented. These walls can slow down and reduce the height of the tsunami

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In an area of a tsunami often occurs: actively propagate to residents in coastal areas to understand the signs, risks and consequences of tsunamis. Rehearsal to prevent and rescue when a tsunami occurs: Command on the spot, organize emergency rescue on the spot, prepare supplies, prepare a tsunami prevention area.

When a tsunami hits the shore: if you are in dangerous area, immediately turn off all the water gas and electricity and quickly move to a higher ground. Remember once tsunami warning is issued, it could be a matter of minutes, or even seconds, before the wave's hits.

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Because the tsunami is formed due to the natural cause of the underground, there is no way to reduce the tsunamis, we can only prevent remotely

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Psychological effects on surviors

Destroy houses businesses, infrastucture and facilities,boats,car,trees,..

Causing hundreds and thousands of deaths

Repair costs are huge(infrastructure must be replaced unsafe buildings demolished and rubbish cleared)

Destroy the habitat of animals, insects, plants,natural resources

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Tsunami, (Japanese: ''harbour wave'')also called seismic sea wave or tidal wave,catastrophic ocean wave.

The term tidal wave is frequently used for such a wave, but it is a misnomer, for the wave has no connection with the tides.

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national oceanic and atmospheric administration

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Tsunamis are giant waves caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions under the sea. They speed along as fast as jet planes. As they near land, these waves rear up to great heights and can drown whole islands. Historically tsunamis have been referred to as tidal waves, but that name is discouraged by oceanographers because tides have little effect on tsunamis.

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The nomal reason for tsunami, but few people expect it

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The nomal reason for tsunami, but few people expect it

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Tsunami can be caused by unnoticeable tremors
Earthquake-induced movements of the ocean floor most often generate tsunamis. Landslides, volcanic eruptions and even meteorites can also generate a tsunami. If a major earthquake is felt, a tsunami could reach the beach in a few minutes, even before a warning is issued. Most deaths caused by a tsunami are because of drowning.

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A tsunami is a series of ocean waves that sends surges of water, sometimes reaching heights of over 100 feet (30.5 meters), onto land. These walls of water can cause widespread destruction when they crash ashore.

What Causes a Tsunami?

These awe-inspiring waves are typically caused by large, undersea earthquakes at tectonic plate boundaries. When the ocean floor at a plate boundary rises or falls suddenly, it displaces the water above it and launches the rolling waves that will become a tsunami.

Most tsunamis-about 80 percent-happen within the Pacific Ocean's "Ring of Fire," a geologically active area where tectonic shifts make volcanoes and earthquakes common.

Tsunamis may also be caused by underwater landslides or volcanic eruptions. They may even be launched, as they frequently were in Earth's ancient past, by the impact of a large meteorite plunging into an ocean.

Tsunamis race across the sea at up to 500 miles (805 kilometers) an hour-about as fast as a jet airplane. At that pace, they can cross the entire expanse of the Pacific Ocean in less than a day. And their long wavelengths mean they lose very little energy along the way.

In deep ocean, tsunami waves may appear only a foot or so high. But as they approach shoreline and enter shallower water they slow down and begin to grow in energy and height. The tops of the waves move faster than their bottoms do, which causes them to rise precipitously.

What Happens When It Hits Land

A tsunami's trough, the low point beneath the wave's crest, often reaches shore first. When it does, it produces a vacuum effect that sucks coastal water seaward and exposes harbor and sea floors. This retreating of sea water is an important warning sign of a tsunami, because the wave's crest and its enormous volume of water typically hit shore five minutes or so later. Recognizing this phenomenon can save lives.

A tsunami is usually composed of a series of waves, called a wave train, so its destructive force may be compounded as successive waves reach shore. People experiencing a tsunami should remember that the danger may not have passed with the first wave and should await official word that it is safe to return to vulnerable locations.

Some tsunamis do not appear on shore as massive breaking waves but instead resemble a quickly surging tide that inundates coastal areas.

The best defense against any tsunami is early warning that allows people to seek higher ground. The Pacific Tsunami Warning System, a coalition of 26 nations headquartered in Hawaii, maintains a web of seismic equipment and water level gauges to identify tsunamis at sea. Similar systems are proposed to protect coastal areas worldwide.

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Learn more about these destructive surges of water from National Geographic.