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The longer the hailstone stays up in the atmosphere, the more water droplets freeze onto it. Therefore, the longer the hailstone stays up in the atmosphere, the larger the hailstone.

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The shape of hailstones depends on their growth history, trajectory, and the way they fall:
- The most common hailstone shapes are the triaxial ellipsoid or the scalene oblate spheroid.
- Spheroidal hailstones are formed when the Earth rotates on its minor axis.
- Assymetrical/ irregular hailstones indicate that its fall speed and behavior were random.

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Fact or fiction? Tokyo Hailstorm - TDAT, How does the collision of continental polar air mass and tropical maritime air mass influence the shape of hailstones in the Tokyo hailstorm shown in TDAT?

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Fact or fiction? Tokyo Hailstorm - TDAT, How does the collision of continental polar air mass and tropical maritime air mass influence the shape of hailstones in the Tokyo hailstorm shown in TDAT?

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The Tokyo hailstorm shown in TDAT may be scientifically and meteorologically proven to be true, and not Hollywood fiction.
This is because it is possible for the hailstorm to occur in such weather conditions and locations. A possible process would be: The Kuroshio Ocean Current brings the Continental Tropical Air Mass from Ocean north to Japan, while the Oyashio ocean current brings the Maritime Polar Air Mass from the Pacific Ocean in the east of Russia south to Japan. The 2 air masses collide in Tokyo. There would be an imbalance between the air masses as the warmer air mass (Continental Tropical Air Mass) rises while the cooler air mass (Maritime Polar Air Mass) falls due to its density. When the warm air rises, condensation takes place, converting water vapor into water droplets. The temperature lowers as it gets higher in the atmosphere. When these water droplets come into contact with the low temperature, ice crystals freeze onto the hailstones, they increase in mass and drop to the ground, causing a hailstorm to occur.
The collision of air masses would not determine the shape of a hailstone; it would be determined by its fall speed and behavior. However, the collision of air masses may determine the size and surface of a hailstone. For instance, if the hailstones in the Tokyo hailstorm shown in TDAT were formed due to the collision of a continental polar air mass and a tropical maritime air mass, the hailstones would be of average size, because there is a fair share of warm and cold air masses in the collision. This is because, with the warm air rising, the hailstones would be kept in the atmosphere for a long period of time, but with the cold air falling, the hailstones would drop after some time. This gives ice crystals enough time to freeze onto the hailstone to form a hailstone of average size. However, the hailstones shown in TDAT appear to be large. This might be because the warm air mass outweighed the cold air mass during the collision. If the hailstones in the Tokyo hailstorm shown in TDAT were formed due to the collision of a continental polar air mass and a tropical maritime air mass, the hailstones would have cusped lobes and a spiky bumpy surface. This is because both warm and cold air masses collide. The hailstones shown in TDAT appear to have cusped lobes and a spiky bumpy surface.

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Justify with the movie - Do the hailstones in the movie match the prediction?

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Justify with the movie - Do the hailstones in the movie match the prediction?

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The prediction was that the hailstones would be of average size. However, the hailstones appear to be large in the movie. This might be because the warm air mass outweighed the cold air mass during the collision.
The hailstones appear to have cusped lobes and a spiky and bumpy surface in the movie, as stated in the prediction. This is because the hailstone was formed due to the collision of both warm and cold air masses.

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Justify with the movie - Is it possible for the hailstorm to occur?

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Justify with the movie - Is it possible for the hailstorm to occur?

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Yes, it is possible for the hailstorm to occur in such weather conditions and in such locations. A possible process would be: The Kuroshio Ocean Current brings the Continental Tropical Air mass from Oceania north to Japan, while the Oyashio ocean current brings the Maritime Polar Air Mass from the Pacific Ocean in the east of Russia south to Japan. Here, in Japan, Tokyo, the two air masses collide. There would be an imbalance between the air masses as the warmer air mass (Continental Tropical Air Mass) rises while the cooler air mass (Maritime Polar Air Mass) falls due to its density. When the warm air rises, condensation takes place, converting water vapor into water droplets. The temperature lowers as it gets higher in the atmosphere. When these water droplets come into contact with the low temperature, ice crystals form and freeze onto each other, forming hailstones. As these ice crystals freeze onto the hailstones, they increase in mass; dropping to the ground, causing a hailstorm to occur.

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How does the collision of continental polar air mass and tropical maritime air mass influence the shape of hailstones in Tokyo?

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How does the collision of continental polar air mass and tropical maritime air mass influence the shape of hailstones in Tokyo?

# data[].attributes.body
The collision of air masses would not determine the shape of a hailstone; it would be determined by its fall speed and behavior. However, the collision of air masses may determine the size and surface of a hailstone. For instance, if the hailstones in the Tokyo hailstorm shown in TDAT were formed due to the collision of a continental polar air mass and a tropical maritime air mass, the hailstones would be of average size, because there is a fair share of warm and cold air masses in the collision; and would have cusped lobes on its spiky and bumpy surface, because there is a fare share of wet and dry air masses in the collision.

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Why do we study the shape of hailstones?

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Why do we study the shape of hailstones?

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The shape of a hailstone may inform us of the way it was formed, and in return, tell us about changes in the atmosphere.

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JUSTIFY: Can the collision of certain air masses influence the shape of hailstones?

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JUSTIFY: Can the collision of certain air masses influence the shape of hailstones?

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The collision of air masses does not affect the shape of the hailstone, but may affect the size and surface of the hailstone.

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Air masses may affect the size of a hailstone, because how long a hailstone stays up in the atmosphere depends on the type of air masses. If the amount of warm air outweighs the amount of cold air, the hailstone stays up in the atmosphere for a longer time, because warm air keeps rising. The hailstone is larger if it stays up in the atmosphere for a longer time because it allows more ice crystals to freeze onto the hailstone. For instance, if the hailstone would have been formed due the collision of a continental polar air mass and tropical maritime air mass, it would be of an average size, because it forms when cold (polar) and warm (tropical) air masses collide, the amount of warm air does not outweigh the amount of cold air. This means that the hailstone will not be kept in the atmosphere for long periods of time, but will be kept up in the atmosphere for an amount of time that would limit the amount of time for ice crystals to freeze onto the hailstone, but still give ice crystals enough time to freeze onto the hailstone, forming a hailstone of average size.
Air masses may also affect the surface of the hailstone. If the colliding air masses are moist, the hailstone may have a spiky and bumpy surface, while if the colliding air masses are dry, the hailstone may have cusped lobes on its surface. For instance, if the hailstone would have been formed due to the collision of a continental polar air mass and tropical maritime air mass, it would have cusped lobes and be spiky and bumpy, because there is a fair share of dry (continental) and wet (maritime) air mass in the collision.
The most common hailstone shapes are the triaxial ellipsoid or the scalene oblate spheroid. The shape of a hailstone depends on the way they grow and fall. For instance, spheroidal hailstones form when the Earth rotates on its minor axis. Assymetrical hailstones form when its fall speed and behavior were random.
In a nutshell, the collision of air masses does not affect the shape of a hailstone, but it may affect the size and surface of the hailstone.
Scientists study about the shape of hailstones, because it informs us about the way it was formed, which may teach us about changes in the atmosphere.

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What would be the characteristics of a hailstone formed due to the collision of continental polar air mass and tropical maritime air mass?

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What would be the characteristics of a hailstone formed due to the collision of continental polar air mass and tropical maritime air mass?

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A hailstone formed due to the collision of continental polar air mass and tropical maritime air mass would be of average size, and would have cusped lobes and be spiky and bumpy. The shape of the hailstone would be determined by its fall speed and behavior.

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Process - How would the hailstorm in Tokyo have been formed?

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Process - How would the hailstorm in Tokyo have been formed?

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1. The Continental Tropical Air Mass coming from Oceania is brought north to Japan by the Kuroshio Ocean Current, while the Maritime Polar Air mass coming from the Pacific Ocean in the east of Russia is brought south to Japan by the Oyashio ocean current. (Justification: According to an article on 'Air masses explained: What happens when they collide?' by cbs.12.com, when these 2 air masses collide, the cooler air mass (Maritime Polar Air Mass) descends while warmer air mass (Continental Tropical Air mass) rises into the atmosphere. This is because cooler air is denser than warmer air.)
2. When this warm air rises, water vapor condenses and water droplets form.
3. The temperature lowers as it gets higher in the atmosphere. When these water droplets come into contact with the low temperature, ice crystals form.
4. As these ice crystals increase in mass, it drops and falls to the ground, forming a hailstorm.

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What types of weather conditions do hailstorms require to occur?

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What types of weather conditions do hailstorms require to occur?

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- The air temperature to drop to -10^C to -25^C, which causes water droplets to freeze, forming hailstones.
- A warm (Tropical continental air mass/tropical maritime air mass) air mass and a cold (Polar continental air mass/polar maritime air mass) air mass to collide, causing the warmer air to rise, and colder air to fall. This imbalance of air masses causes warmer air to rise to cooler air. When this warm air comes into contact with cool air, it condenses, converting water vapor into water droplets. When the temperature continues to drop, these water droplets freeze and hailstones form.

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- Size: The hailstone that would be formed in the collision of a continental polar air mass and tropical maritime air mass would be of an average size, because it forms when cold (polar) and warm (tropical maritime air mass) collide, so the amount of warm air does not outweigh the amount of cold air. This means that the hailstone is not being kept up in the atmosphere for long or short periods of time, limiting the amount of time for ice crystals to freeze onto the hailstone.
- Surface: The surface of the hailstone would have cusped lobes, and be spiky and bumpy, because there is a fair share of dry (continental) and wet (maritime) air mass in the collision.

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The way the air masses collide may influence the way the size and surface of the hailstone:
- Size: It can control how long the hailstone stays up in the atmosphere, which may affect the size of the hailstones - The larger the warm air mass is, the longer the hailstone stays up in the atmosphere, because the warm air keeps rising. The longer the hailstone stays up in the atmosphere, the more time there is for ice crystals to freeze onto the hailstone, and thus, increasing its size.
- Surface: How moist the air masses are may affect the surface of the hailstones - when the hailstone is formed due to collision of dry air masses, it may have cusped lobes on it, while when the hailstone is formed due to collision of wet air masses, its surface is spiky and bumpy.

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When cold and warm air masses collide, the air masses become unbalanced, causing warmer air masses to rise while colder air masses to drop. This is because colder air is denser than warmer air. As the warm air mass rises, it condenses because the temperature is lower in the atmosphere, forming water vapor. When this water vapor comes into contact with the low temperature, ice crystals may form.

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Hailstorms occur throughout the year, not just in winter, although they occur the most in spring. This is because water droplets freeze lower in the atmosphere in spring. When these hailstones grow, they eventually fall to the ground.

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- Bring down trees
- Flash floods
- Mudslides in steep area
- Injure people and livestock
- Damage architecture

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What are the characteristics of a hailstorm?

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What are the characteristics of a hailstorm?

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- Storm in which hailstones (balls/irregular lumps of ice).
- Hailstones measure between 5mm and 15mm in diameter.
- Alternating layers of transparent, translucent, or opaque ice.
- Signs of a hailstorm: gray clouds, rain, thunder, lightning, sudden drop in temperature
- Hailstones may be spheroidal, conical or irregular.

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A hailstorm is a storm in which solid precipitation takes place and hail (balls of ice) fall from the sky. It occurs when thunderstorms move air upwards, as well as water droplets. As these water droplets rise up in the atmosphere, the temperature drops, and it freezes.

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https://nordanglia-my.sharepoint.com/:w:/g/personal/serey-nimol_bun_nisc_edu_kh/ESCWw_9OfspFpwPhZIduJroB-C0luwlrDutq4tvxB1Bkkw?e=TVmYfZ

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How does the collision of continental polar air mass and tropical maritime air mass influence the shape of hailstones in the Tokyo hailstorm shown in TDAT?

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This is a good research question, because it is specific, as it includes a specific location (Tokyo), specific cause (collision of continental polar air mass and tropical maritime air mass), specific consequence (shape of hailstones), specific topic (fact or fiction? - TDAT).

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It is relevant because it involves investigating a cause (collision of continental polar air mass and tropical maritime air mass) to justify a consequence (shape of hailstones) to explore if the movie portrays the weather event accurately.