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The earliest successful AI program was written in 1951 by Christopher Strachey, later director of the Programming Research Group at the University of Oxford. Strachey's checkers program ran on the Ferranti Mark I computer at the University of Manchester, England.

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Joseph Engelberger was known as the father of robotics by creating the first robot. The Unimate was the first industrial robot ever built. It was a hydraulic manipulator arm that could perform repetitive tasks. It was used by car makers to automate metalworking and welding processes.

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Charles Rosen, head of the Machine Learning Group at the Stanford Research Institute developed a proposal in 1964 to build a robot that at the time would have featured the intelligence and capabilities that had only been depicted in science fiction books and movies.

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April 6, 1965 - "Early Bird" Communication Satellite 

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April 6, 1965 - "Early Bird" Communication Satellite 

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This was the first commercial communications satellite to be placed into orbit, built by Space and Communications Group of Hughes Aircraft Company for COSMAT.

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The first handheld mobile phone was invented by Motorola and the first phone call was made by Martin Cooper in 1973.

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A small firm named MITS made the first personal computer, the Altair. This computer, which used Intel Corporation's 8080 microprocessor, was developed in 1974. 

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On July 3, 1977, the first magnetic resonance imaging exam on a live human patient was performed. MRI, which identifies atoms by how they behave in a magnetic field, has become an extremely useful non-invasive method for imagining internal bodily structures and diagnosing disease.

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Voyager 1 is a space probe launched by NASA on September 5, 1977, as part of the Voyager program to study the outer Solar System and interstellar space beyond the Sun's heliosphere.

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February 22, 1978 - Global Positioning System

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February 22, 1978 - Global Positioning System

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based radio-navigation system consisting of a constellation of satellites broadcasting navigation signals and a network of ground stations and satellite control stations used for monitoring and control.

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Morton Meyerson is credited with developing the innovative concept known as outsourcing in the 1980s, and creating the first offshore development centers in Latin America and India.

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Space shuttle Columbia was the first shuttle to reach space when it was launched from NASA's Kennedy Space Center on Apr. 12, 1981.

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January 1, 1983 is considered the official birthday of the Internet. Prior to this, the various computer networks did not have a standard way to communicate with each other. A new communications protocol was established called Transfer Control Protocol allowing different kinds of computers on different networks to "talk" to each other.

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First conceived in the 1940s and initially called the Large Space Telescope, the Hubble Space Telescope took decades of planning and research before it launched on April 24, 1990.

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In 1992, IBM announced the very first smartphone. They released the Simon Personal Communicator for purchase in 1994 as the first touchscreen phone able to send and receive both emails and faxes.

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In 1996, entrepreneurs Glen Jones and Bernand Luskin launched Jones International University, which became the first accredited and fully web-based university. Since the creation of these fully online programs and schools, distance learning has continued to grow in many different directions.

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Mars Pathfinder was launched December 4, 1996 and landed on Mars' Ares Vallis on July 4, 1997. It was designed as a technology demonstration of a new way to deliver an instrumented lander and the first-ever robotic rover to the surface of the red planet.

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On the market beginning in 2002, the Roomba is a product of the firm iRobot. This battery-operated domestic vacuum rolls on wheels and reacts to its environment with the aid of sensors and computer processing.