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assassination of Franz Ferdinand (june 1914)

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assassination of Franz Ferdinand (june 1914)

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archduke of Austria Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie were shot to death by a Bosnian Serb nationalist during official visit to the Bosnian capital of Sarajevo on June 28th, 1914. the killings caused a chain of events that started WW1 by early august.

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The Gallipoli campaign (april 25 1915-january 9 1916)

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The Gallipoli campaign (april 25 1915-january 9 1916)

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British empire and french troops landed on the ottoman-held peninsula in the Dardanelles straits with disastrous consequences for the allies. It was the land-based element of a strategy intended to allow allied ships to pass through the Dardanelles, capture Constantinople and ultimately knock ottoman turkey out of the war.

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battle of verdun (february-december 1916)

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battle of verdun (february-december 1916)

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this was the longest and costliest battle in ww1. it began in february 1916 with german attack on the fortified french town of verdun, where bitter fighting would continue for most of the year.

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the battle of Jutland (may 31-june 1 1916)

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the battle of Jutland (may 31-june 1 1916)

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Although it failed to achieve the decisive victory each side hoped for, the battle of jutland confirmed british naval dominance and secured its control of shipping lanes. this allowed britain to implement the blockade that would contribute to germany's eventual defeat in 1918.

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battle of the somme (july-november 1916)

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battle of the somme (july-november 1916)

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the battle of the somme was a joint operation between british and french forces intended to achieve a decisive victory over the germans on the western front. in december, allied commanders had met to discuss strategies for the upcoming year intense german pressure on the french at verdun throughout 1916 made action on the somme increasingly urgent and meant the british would take on the main role in the offensive.

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third YPRES campaign (july-november 1917)

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third YPRES campaign (july-november 1917)

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the third battle of Ypres has come to symbolize the horrors associated with the war on the western front. the area surrounding the belgian tower of Ypres was a key battleground throughout the war and by 1917 british forces were suffering steady casualties there, holding a salient surrounded by higher ground. sir douglas haig planned to break out of this poor position and , by capturing an important rail junction a few miles to the east, to undermine the whole german submarine base at bruges as the german u boat campaign was threatening with defeat.

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russia signs armistice with germany (march 1918)

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russia signs armistice with germany (march 1918)

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on march 3, 1918, in the city of brest-litovsk, located in modern day belarus near the polish border, russia signed a treaty with the central powers (germany, austria hungary, ottoman empire, bulgaria). this ended its participation in World War 1.

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german spring offensives (march-july 1918)

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german spring offensives (march-july 1918)

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german had concentrated all of its resources on the western front after the defeat of russia. facing them were weary allied forces that for three years had largely been on the offensive, had not fully organized their defenses in depth and were beginning to suffer manpower shortages.

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the battle of megiddo was the climactic battle of the sinai and palestine campaign of ww1. german and ottoman forces found themselves encircled by british empire and french forces under general sir edmund allenby.

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the treaty of versailles was signed by germany and the allied nations on june 28, 1919, formally ending ww1. the terms of the treaty required that germany pay financial reparations, disarm, lose territory, and give up all of its overseas colonies.