# data[].attributes.body
Health to me means living life to the fullest, being active eating a well-balanced diet and getting enough sleep is important for me to look after my husband and 5 beautiful children. By making these choices I can spend quality time with my family by going on outdoor adventures. Spending this time is especially important because this improves my mental and emotional health, and this enables me to have a purpose in life to guide me to grow into a better version of myself.

# data[].attributes.headline
Principle health issues that refugees face

# data[].attributes.subject
Principle health issues that refugees face

# data[].attributes.body
Due to their unique situations and circumstances, refugees from Zimbabwe arrive in Australia with various health problems. Although each person's needs may differ, most refugees experience the following primary health issues:
Malaria:
Malaria is a life-threatening disease spread to humans by mosquitoes. It is mostly found in tropical countries. It is preventable and curable. One treatment available for refugees from Africa who have a positive result for malaria is artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) artemether-lumefantrine or artesunate-amodiaquine these combinations work well against the plasmodium parasites responsible for malaria.  Antimalarial medication must be administered promptly and effectively to African refugees who are positive for malaria in Australia (Young et al., 2010)
NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES:
Nutritional deficiencies are vitamins and mineral deficiencies. When African migrants with nutritional deficits arrive in Australia, their treatment options usually include a variety of approaches. Based on the kind and severity of the deficit, treatment is tailored to the individual. prolonged food deprivation and inadequate access to nutritious food and clean water can be very serious. Dietary intervention is crucial to encourage healthier eating habits. dietary counselling and education interventions promote the use of nutrient-rich foods that are available in Australia. Dietitians and nutritionists collaborate with refugees to create individualised nutrition recommendations. They offer advice on meal planning as well as foods high in nutrients that are missing, such as calcium, vitamin D, and iron. Making a plan that is practical and culturally right to the dietary customs and cultural food preferences are catered for the refugees., It encourages long-term health and well-being while respecting cultural diversity and helping refugees adapt smoothly to Australian culture.
Mental health:
Mental health is a state of mental well-being. When an African refugee arrives in Australia with mental health a comprehensive assessment by a mental health professional to diagnose the condition. psychotherapy or counselling is an important and useful way to address trauma, anxiety, depression, or other mental health disorders, this strategy entails working with mental health specialists like psychologists or counsellors, the community and family. Therapy sessions give refugees a safe environment in which they can express their emotions, work through prior traumas, and create coping mechanisms. Therapists understand the experiences of refugees and then customise treatment for them using culturally right methods. In addition to emotional support, psychotherapy creates resilience and helps refugees adapt to their new surroundings, minimising the long-term effects of mental health difficulties, and improving their general well-being.

Australian Refugee Health» Primary Care for People of Refugee Backgrounds. (n.d.). https://refugeehealthguide.org.au/

Kay, M., Wijayanayaka, S., Cook, H., & Hollingworth, S. (2016). Understanding quality use of medicines in refugee communities in Australian primary care: a qualitative study. British Journal of General Practice, 66(647), e397–e409. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp16X685249

Young, M. K., McCall, B. J., & Heel, K. (2010). The Impact of Pre-departure Screening and Treatment on Notifications of Malaria in Refugees in South-East Queensland. Communicable Diseases Intelligence Quarterly Report, 34(1), 37–40.

Hanna, J. N., Ritchie, S. A., Brookes, D. L., Montgomery, B. L., Eisen, D. P., & Cooper, R. D. (2019). An outbreak of Plasmodium vivax malaria in Far North Queensland, 2002. The Medical Journal of Australia, 180(1), 24–28.
https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2004.tb05769.x

McKay, F. H., & Dunn, M. (2015). Food security among asylum seekers in Melbourne. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 39(4), 344–349. https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12368

Turrini, G., Purgato, M., Ballette, F., Nosè, M., Ostuzzi, G., & Barbui, C. (2017). Common mental disorders in asylum seekers and refugees: umbrella review of prevalence and intervention studies. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 11(1), 51–51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-017-0156-0

Homepage | Smartraveller. (n.d.). Www.smartraveller.gov.au. https://www.smartraveller.gov.au

Zimbabwe. (2017). Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade.
https://www.dfat.gov.au/geo/zimbabwe

Australian Refugee Health» Primary Care for People of Refugee Backgrounds. (n.d.). https://refugeehealthguide.org.au/

# data[].attributes.body
Culturally Responsive Clinical Practice: Working with People from Migrant and Refugee Backgrounds COMPETENCY STANDARDS FRAMEWORK FOR CLINICIANS. (2019). https://cbrhl.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Culturally-responsive-clinica.pdf

# data[].attributes.body
World. (2019, May 30). Social determinants of health. Padlet.com; World Health Organization: WHO. https://padlet.com/redirect?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fhealth-topics%2Fsocial-determinants-of-health%23tab%3Dtab_1

McKay, F. H., & Dunn, M. (2015). Food security among asylum seekers in Melbourne. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 39(4), 344–349. https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12368

Turrini, G., Purgato, M., Ballette, F., Nosè, M., Ostuzzi, G., & Barbui, C. (2017). Common mental disorders in asylum seekers and refugees: umbrella review of prevalence and intervention studies. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 11(1), 51–51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-017-0156-0

Cherian, S., & Burgner, D. (2007). Selective ambulatory management of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in paediatric refugees. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 92(11), 983–986. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2006.114801

Kay, M., Wijayanayaka, S., Cook, H., & Hollingworth, S. (2016). Understanding quality use of medicines in refugee communities in Australian primary care: a qualitative study. British Journal of General Practice, 66(647), e397–e409.

https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp16X685249
World Health Organization. (2023). Social determinants of health. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/health-topics/social-determinants-of-health#tab=tab_1

# data[].attributes.body
In Zimbabwe, self-care practices may include relying on natural treatments, and traditional healing methods. Music and dance have a huge cultural effect from support of the community in the rural areas of Zimbabwe. Emphasis in Australia, on the other hand, can be on individualism, fitness, and mental health care. Each country's approach to self-care is greatly influenced by cultural norms and the availability of resources.

# data[].attributes.headline
Housing and Environment Zimbabwe VS Australia

# data[].attributes.subject
Housing and Environment Zimbabwe VS Australia

# data[].attributes.body
Zimbabwe suffers from severe housing shortages that cause overcrowding and informal settlements because of its economic hardships and political unrest. Australia, in comparison, has a more stable and tightly controlled housing market with a wide range of housing options. Even though both countries struggle with housing affordability, Australia's stronger economy and extensive housing programs give those who live there a better chance of obtaining suitable housing.

Zimbabwe’s housing woes. (n.d.). The Herald. Retrieved October 11, 2023, from https://www.herald.co.zw/zimbabwes-housing-woes/

Australian Government. (2023). Housing policy | Treasury.gov.au. Treasury.gov.au. https://treasury.gov.au/housing-policy

# data[].attributes.headline
Key differences in health priorities Zimbabwe vs Australia

# data[].attributes.subject
Key differences in health priorities Zimbabwe vs Australia

# data[].attributes.body
Living in Australia, it's easy to take our way of life for granted. something as simple as turning on a tap and getting fresh water is a luxury that people in Zimbabwe just don't  have.

When you think of health priorities, what do you think of?

Growing up in Australia i always thought about hospital stays, doctor visits and readily available pharmaceuticals. However, where my husband grew up in Zimbabwe, a health priority for them was finding clean water to drink, if the well was contaminated, and whether there was enough to get us through the dry season. A stable diet of sadza with vegetables of sadza and sauce when the vegetables were out of season was not an uncommon feature.

The prospect of what health care looked like is vastly different.

With water short, Zimbabwe’s farmers turn to capturing rain. (2017c, January 12). Gulfnews.com. https://gulfnews.com/world/africa/with-water-short-zimbabwes-farmers-turn-to-capturing-rain-1.1960670

# data[].attributes.body
Zimbabwean music is rich and diverse, featuring instruments like the mbira (thumb piano) My husband enjoys playing the mbira at family gatherings These instruments are integral to my husband's culture, he uses them in various ceremonies, social gatherings, and storytelling. The mbira holds spiritual significance and is central to his language Shona and traditions, connecting him to his ancestral roots.

# data[].attributes.body
In our family, our favourite food is my husband’s traditional food from Zimbabwe called Sazda. My children request this meal for their special birthday dinners. My husband taught me how to make it. I now have the pleasure of sharing with my extended family who also love it.

African Spicy Oxtail Stew Recipe
Ingredients
4 pound or (1.8 kg) oxtail
1 medium onion
2 clove garlic chopped
3.8 ounce or (1 can) tomato sauce
2 tablespoon or (28.1 g) tomato paste
1 sprig thyme (or 1 teaspoon thyme)
1 teaspoon curry
1 green bell pepper
2 green onions
1 maggi (or 1 tablespoon bouillon)
1 habenara pepper optional
salt and pepper to
taste
Instructions
1. Boil oxtail with
salt, pepper, chopped onions in a pot until tender. Reserve the stock for later
use.
2. Add ½ cup oil to
the pan and fry the oxtail for about 5 minutes.
3. Add the chopped
garlic to oil and meat , continue frying the meat 2 minutes.  4. Add tomato sauce, tomato paste, curry and
fresh thyme.
5. Add salt and
bouillon according to preference with about 2 cups of stock. Bring to a boil
and let it simmer to blend  flavors and
reduce acidity of the tomato sauce. Approximately 30-40 minutes. Stir
occasionally adding water as needed
6. Finally add
green onions and green pepper.
7. Serve warm with
desired side dish.
Nutrition
Calories: 879kcal |
Carbohydrates: 8g | Protein: 106g | Fat: 45g | Saturated Fat: 18g |
Cholesterol: 374mg | Sodium: 1001mg | Potassium: 268mg | Fiber: 1g | Sugar: 4g
| Vitamin A: 545IU | Vitamin C: 32.2mg | Calcium: 96mg | Iron: 14.3mg

Rumbie. (2013, February 1). Traditional Covo vegetables (with tomatoes and onion). ZimboKitchen. https://www.zimbokitchen.com/traditional-covo-vegetables-with-tomatoes-and-onion/

ImmaculateBites. (2013, February 26). African Spicy Oxtail Stew. Immaculate Bites. https://www.africanbites.com/african-spicy-oxtail-stew/

Hahnel, K. (2022, July 9). Sadza Recipe. We Eat at Last. https://weeatatlast.com/sadza-recipe/