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It goes by many names on the street and many first-time users think "synthetic-marijuana" is a safe alternative to harder drugs. In reality, there is no one formula for the drug, and each time you use it you never know what chemicals you are putting into your body. 12/9/14

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Why Our Brains Want to Be Addicted | The Chemistry of Addiction

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Complete History of Illegal Drugs Full Documentary

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What Drugs Do In Your Body (Drugs Documentary)

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What Drugs Do In Your Body (Drugs Documentary)

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Addiction is the result of an individual ingesting a drug to the extent that they become dependent on it

The drug that the individual consumes may take over his/her life thus restricting them from everyday life activities

Individuals often times begin to use drugs as a result of past or emotional trauma; taking drugs provide the person an escape from reality that they may desperatley feel like they need

Addiction is observable in a person's compulsive drive to consume the particular drug desired

Addiction may be influenced by the age of the individual, the rate at which they consume drugs, socioeconomic standing, and genetics

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Tolerance is the condition where higher doses of a drug are required to produce the same effects.

Symptoms of withdrawal from alcohol are: Diarrhea, anxiety, sweating, nausea.

Symptoms of withdrawal from opiate abuse are: Irritability, fatigue, shaking, sweating, and nausea.

Symptoms of withdrawal from nicotine are: Irritability, fatigue, insomnia, difficulty concentrating, and headaches.

Symptoms of withdrawal of marijuana are: Insomnia, depression, nightmares, vivid dreams.

Symptoms of tolerance to most drugs means that the strongest behavioral effects occur the first few times that the drug is used. So that after a few times of using the drugs they have to do larger doses to produce those same effects from before.

Functional Tolerance: This develops as a result of the changes in the synaptic receptors for that drug. Our neurons adapt to the drug being there so it alters the number of receptors.

Metabolic Tolerance: This occurs because our liver also adapts to the repeated use of certain drugs which causes it to speed up the production of enzymes that can metabolize the drugs. This makes it so the drugs are only activated for a short period of time so they need more and more.

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Level of Psychological & Physical Dependence of Drugs 

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Level of Psychological & Physical Dependence of Drugs 

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Physical Dependence

Physical dependence of drugs is an adaptive psychological state that occurs with regular drug use and results in a withdrawal syndrome when the drug use is stopped. Physical dependence occurs because of addiction, but it is not directly associated with addiction itself. Instead, it is normally associated with increased tolerance.

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Drugs affect your brain and mental processes in many different ways. They can cause dizziness, shallow breathing, red eyes and dilated pupils, dry mouths, increased appetites, and slow reaction times. Drugs can also cause contraction of HIV, hepatitis, and other illnesses. They can cause heart rate irregularities as well as heart attacks. Respiratory problems, such as lung cancer, emphysema, and breathing problems, abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea,

Caffeine

Produces its behavioral effects indirectly.

It blocks the action of adenosine. So this is blocking the the release of neurotransmitters. This then allows caffeine to indirectly boost the release of these neurotransmitters

Nicotine

Contains more than 19 known chemicals that can cause cancer.

Creates more saliva and phlegm.

Marijuana

Smoking pot can increase your heart rate by as much as two times for up to 3 hours. That’s why some people have a heart attack right after they use marijuana.

It can increase bleeding, lower blood pressure, and affect your blood sugar

Red eyes and dilated pupils

Dry mouth

Heroin

blood pressure and body temperature drops and the heartbeat can become irregular

Prescription Drugs

Cocaine

In low doses it can increase your alertness and energy that lasts from a few minutes to an hour.

In high doses it can produce depression and paranoia, as well as life-threatening strokes and seizures.

Depressants

They slow

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Hallucinogens

produce changes in consciousness by altering perceptions, creating hallucinations, and blurring the boundary between self and the external world

Distort the brain's processing of sensory experiences

users often feel dismebodied or removed from parts of their personality

Some Native American groups have been known to consume hallucinogens in past history

Depressants

Slow down or impair the activity of the CNS.

Stimulants

Enhance the activity of the CNS.

This results in a boost in both mental and physical activity level.

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Hallucinogens

PCP- Veterinary anesthetic

Cannabis- reduces nausea from chemotherapy

Opiates

morphine- painkiller, cough suppressant

heroin- under investigation

codeine- painkiller, cough suppressant

mathadone- treatment of heroin addiction

Depressants

Barbiturates- sedative, sleep, anticonvulsant, anesthetic

Benzodiazepines- antianxiety, sleep, anticonvulsant, sedative

Alcohol- antiseptic

Rohypnol- None in U.S. (elsewhere for sedation, anesthesia, and treatment of insomnia)

Stimulants

Amphetamines- weight control, counteract anesthesia

Methamphetamine- ADHD, weight control (rarely)

MDMA (Ecstasy)- None (originally developed as an appetite suppressant)

Cocaine- local anesthetic

Nicotine- Gum, patch for cessation of smoking

Caffeine- Weight control, stimulant in acute respiratory failure, analgesia

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Drugs are categorized by the way they affect the Central Nervous System
Stimulants

Amphetamines

Methamphetamine

MDMA (ecstasy)

Cocaine

Nicotine

Caffeine

Depressants

Barbiturates

Benzodiazepines

alcohol

Rohypnol

Hallucinogens (Psychedelic drug)

mescaline

psilocybin

LSD or "acid"

PCP or "angel dust"

cannabis

Opiates

morphine

heroin

codeine

methadone

Dopamine
Agonist

Heroine

Oxycodone

Methadone

Hydrocodone

Morphine

Opium

Antagonist

Naltrexone

Naloxone

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Cocaine

Heroin

Amphetamines

Marijuana (Weed)

ALL three of these stimulate the brain's "reward circuits"

Cocaine is the most widespread drug in the world; however, the aforementioned drugs can be found in numerous places around the world

Over half of addicts begin by consuming marijuana

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Mind-altering substances

In some cultures they are used during religious rituals and for other cultures to control pain or boost energy during warfare.

Now people use them simply to induce a pleasurable experience.

Affect mental processes and behavior.

Psychoactive drugs work by getting into our bloodstream either through ingestion, inhalation, absorption, or injection.

They influence our behavior by altering the funcitoning of our central nervous system.

After a few hours the drug slowly wears off as the liver is producing enzymes that metabolize the drug.

Over 200 million people in the world currently using psychoactive drugs

The overuse of psychoactive drugs may lead to addiction; factors that may influence an individual's likeliness to become addicted primarily include age and family history of drug use