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The theory of attachment focuses on the neurological processes that arise as we develop affective bonds with other individuals. This is determined by our relationship with our parents and how they interacted with us during adolescence. If the relationship was not positive, then this also results in unhealthy marriages and emotional dependency in adulthood. This is because children who have been abandoned or removed from their parents are searching for a relationship that has essentially been taken away from the parents.

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Take this quiz to see what kind of attachment style you have!
https://interacty.me/projects/b399f0b37612d5a1

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McLeod, S. A. (2020, September 19). Harry harlow, monkey love experiments. Simply Psychology. https://www.simplypsychology.org/harlow-monkey.html

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https://momentousinstitute.org/blog/how-our-own-attachment-style-impacts-our-relationships

https://www.reddit.com/r/attachment_theory/comments/d75dwp/about_50_of_individuals_have_secure_attachment/

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Vogel, Laura. “How Our Own Attachment Style Impacts Our Relationships.” Momentous Institute, 1 Apr. 2019, momentousinstitute.org/blog/how-our-own-attachment-style-impacts-our-relationships

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Harlows experiments are seen as very unethical. These monkeys are known to have deep attachment to their mothers and it was cruel to have them be seperated in order to be experimented on. An experiment such as this would never be approved to be conducted on human children.

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These monkeys were obviously traimatized. When they were reintegrated with monkeys that had normal motherly care they would stay in a corner in a state of fear and depression. The length of their isolation caused irreversible anxiety and could potentially keep the rhesus monkeys from living out their lives to the fullest, even hindering their ability to find a mate.

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Some poeple do argue however that the experiment was a break through in studying attachment theory. It was also very beneficial to help change the public view in society and in science about the importance of emotional care in children.
Although they are still young the emotional care they recieve can affect their mental health and the way they turn out as adults.

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Who is involved and what were the experiments 

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Who is involved and what were the experiments 

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Experiment 1
Harry Harlow separated infant monkeys from their mothers and placed them in cages that had a wire mother who provided food and a terrycloth mother who did not provide food, they were able to access both cages. The infant monkeys spent more time with the cloth mother and only go to the wire mother when they were hungry.
The cloth mother helped decrease the infants fears and allowed them to explore more. This demonstrates the theory of attachment and the importance of the caregiver/child relationship, response and security.

Experiment 2
Infant monkeys that grew up with surrogate mothers for more than 90 days were timid, did not know how to interact with other monkeys, easily bullied, had difficulty mating, the females turned out to be bad mothers. Monkeys who were with surrogate mothers for less than 90 days still had these behaviors but they could be reversed if they were placed in a normal environment with a real mother where they could form attachments.

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What's going on in that video down there

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What's going on in that video down there

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Harry Harlow Monkey Experiment Contact Comfort

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In the early to mid 1900s scientist believed that a child developed an attachment to their mothers because, moms provided them with food, but scientists like Harlow believed that this idea negelected comfort, companionship, and love when looking at healthy development of Children.

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Harlows experiment kind of showed that it wasn't just the provision of care, such as providing food, that children need in order to grow an attachment.
Harlow claimed that the attachemnt actually happened because mothers provdied "tactile comfort".
Meaning that they develop this attachment by also hodling on to their mothers and clinging to them. So physcial touch becomes a very important part of healthy development

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Isolation
In 1965 Harlow took infant monkeys and completely isolated them for 3, 6, 9 months or their whole lives. He wanted to see how the monkeys behavior was affected by a failure to form attachments.
When these baby monkeys were placed with other monkeys they displayed bizarre behaviors like obsessively rocking and hugging their own bodies. These isolated monkeys were scared of the others but also very aggressive towards them. They did not know how to socialize or communicate with them. Also, they often mutilated themselves by pulling out their hair, scratching and biting themselves.
This demonstrates that privation causes permanent damage to monkeys, and the extent of abnormal behavior depends on how long they were isolated.

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Harlow's research experiments have been used to look at human attachments. It helped understand certain risk factors of child neglect and how they affect the child. His work impacted how we run orphanages, adoption agencies, and social service groups.

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Harlow’s experiment essentially verified how important the bond with and attachment to the mother is for adolescent children. His disturbing experiment also made it clear that for a healthy development, monkeys prefer to cover their need for warmth before they cover their nutritional needs. It also highlighted how influential early relationships are in the behavior of adult monkeys. Ultimately, the neglect they encountered at an early age prompted the monkeys to lose interest later in life in this form of interaction when they were given the chance.

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Cherry, Kendra. “How Attachment Theory Works.” Verywell Mind, 17 July 2019, www.verywellmind.com/what-is-attachment-theory-2795337.

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How to Identify the Type of Attachment Within Children: 

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How to Identify the Type of Attachment Within Children: 

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Secure Attachment: Children who can rely on their caregivers show distress when separated and happiness when reunited. While the infant may be furious, they remain reassured that the caregiver will return. Securely attached children are also comfortable finding reassurance from parents when scared.

Avoidant Attachment: Children with an avoidant attachment show no preference between their caregiver and a stranger and tend to avoid their parents or caregiver. This form of attachment may be a product of caregivers being abusive or neglectful. If they are punished for being dependent on a caregiver, then they learn to avoid seeking help in the future.

Ambivalent Attachment: Children with ambivalent attachment become very distressed when their parent leaves. Due to the lack of parental availability, these children cannot rely on their primary caregiver to be present when they need them.

Disorganized Attachment: Children with disorganized attachment display complex behavior such as appearing puzzled, dazed, or confused. They also may avoid or resist the parent. This lack of a clear attachment pattern can be linked to the behavior from an inconsistent caregiver. In cases like these, parents may serve as both a source of comfort and fear, which contributes to disorganized behavior.