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Own collection

Mademoiselle Lauren Charlotte - Paris
1 Paris look

Mademoiselle Lauren Charlotte - Milan
1 Milan look

Mademoiselle Lauren Charlotte -
The Big Apple (nyc)

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x London unis

x south unis

For a mini digital pop-up

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X-mas parties

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Illustrations -

Styling -

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Bo - Kaap

Hermanus South Africa

Cape Point

V&A water

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Picture: Paramount Pictures/Twitter

"All fiat 500 twitter do is put themselves down then put the delicate 'x' at the end lool"

You've heard of Bare Minimum Twitter, now get ready for... Fiat 500 Twitter. If you've been scrolling through Twitter over the past week, you may have noticed a new subculture forming on your timeline. Well, the subculture had always existed but it's only now that it's been given an official name.
But what does it mean?
'Fiat 500 Twitter' isn't just a phrase or a meme, it's a lifestyle babes. The term was coined by Twitter to describe a certain stereotype of girl from the UK. A twenty-something girl who loves Michael Kors, loves going 'out out', getting her nails done, always tweets about absolutely meaningless stuff with un-ironic 'x's on the end... and they always get about 50k RTs for absolutely no real reason. Essentially it's just a really specific way of calling out someone who is perceived to be a little bit basic.

Why is it called Fiat 500 Twitter?

Apparently, the majority of the girls that fall under this stereotype probably either pay for a Fiat 500 (that's a car, by the way...) on finance or have had one bought for them by their parents. For some reason, it's been crowned the new 'basic' car, replacing the once legendary Mini. (May she rest in basic peace.)

If you meet any of these requirements listed in the tweet below, you are apparently part of 'Fiat 500 Twitter' demographic:

To be a part of fiat 500 twitter you must:
- Stand in front of a door in your avi
- Tweet about your boyfriend and how much of a psycho you are
- Tweet about how much you fancy a Chinese/McDonald's
- Want to get your hair and nails done
- Use emojis unironically
- becky (@rebecca_morrisx) December 29, 2017

Here's a visual moodboard, in case you were wondering:

Here are some examples of 'Fiat 500 Twitter' being roasted and called out on Twitter:

Fiat 500 twitter
"Don't you just pure love chrimbo, the films, food, hot choc and pjs ahhh 🎄🎄😍 wish i was one of them girls who doesn't put weight on as im a pure fat cow right now🐷 crazy seeing who i started year with and who im ending with 🙅no time for snakes in 2018 🐍😒"
- isaac (@isaacmalin) December 29, 2017

fiat 500 twitter's new year's tweets are everything i dreamed they would be

new year same me because i never learn my lesson and let ppl fuck me over 🙃🙃 x
32.5K retweets 56.3K likes
- joe (@idealising) December 31, 2017

Fiat 500 Twitter is tweeting the phrases:
"haha cba x"
"I'm a princess💅🏼"
"need a holiday"
"feel so drained😩"
"need my hair and nails donee"
"I'm a psycho girlfriend😋"
"in a mood don't make me laugh🙄" "really fancy a chinese😭"
"I need nuggets"
"Need a tan"
unironically
- gem☁️ (@Gemstokes2000) January 1, 2018

There's even an account that tweets the same kind of 'Fiat 500 Twitter' tweets, complete with 'x's on the end.

Actual Fiat 500 drivers are shook.

why are people making Fiat 500 Twitter a thing

I'm selling my car
- connie (@conniexgray) December 29, 2017

Don't worry... there's a male equivalent too. It's called 'Strongbow Dark Fruits Twitter'. #Lads

Other Twitter subcultures aren't safe, either. Find yourself making Harry Potter references in every day life? Do you have you Hogwarts house in your Twitter bio? Always retweeting your 'lord and saviour' JK Rowling?

So girls, there it is. Long live Fiat 500 Twitter. Now can someone go get me a McDonalds please I haven't had a chicken nugget all year x lol it's only been 4 days omg such a pig loooooool x

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What Is 'Fiat 500 Twitter' And Are You A Part of It?

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"All fiat 500 twitter do is put themselves down then put the delicate 'x' at the end lool" You've heard of Bare Minimum Twitter, now get ready for... Fiat 500 Twitter. If you've been scrolling through Twitter over the past week, you may have noticed a new subculture forming on your timeline.

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Emotions matter. We know it intuitively, but our machines don't. They do not know how we feel; they have no idea as to what we mean, and they are clueless in deciphering if a quickly uttered " have a nice day " actually is genuine. This emotional blind-spot is not due to a lack of trying. As a matter of fact, researchers and computer scientists have been trying for decades to endow machines with these unalienable qualities we humans take for granted. They might have found the way.
Verbal, Vocal or Body Language: What Does the Elephant Look Like?
We know that words alone don't tell the whole story. There is also our body language, posture, gait and facial expression that further broadcasts what's happening inside every one of us. Current technological approaches are somewhat reminiscent of the old Indian fable " The Blind Men and the Elephant," whereby "blind" technology vendors are fervently perfecting their technological capabilities of approaching the elephant - our emotions - by partially enabling machines to understand aspects of human emotions.

In the past 10 years, there have been great breakthroughs in the area of voice synthesis (now even with human-sounding inflections, e.g. a rising tonality at the end of sentences where appropriate), speech recognition, and text-to-speech. But here too, the focus has been merely on words, as speech recognition is a bit like the reverse of text-to-speech - the computer hears what you're saying, and converts it into text. Nevertheless, the computer does not register the tremble in your voice, the enthusiasm in your inflection, the sorrow reflected in your modulation, or the assertiveness in which you guide your vocal intonation.

It's not that technology didn't advance. These days, your Siri 's voice can be female or male, and perhaps soon, she might even speak Ninilchik. But cognitive language - those words - is in most cases a poor emotional yardstick - not unlike showing up with that elephant at your relatives' next Thanksgiving dinner. Equally awe-inspiring is facial recognition algorithms. Facebook's can actually identify the correct friend for you to tag in your next Thanksgiving dinner photos. However, facial recognition technologies are somewhat limited as they require that you sit still or directly gaze into the camera.

We work with these current limitations, because these are the best we have right now. Contact center managers wouldn't want to revert to days without the many benefits afforded by speech analytics. Marketers and brand managers have eagerly embraced the many text- and sentiment analytics solutions, dissecting every word written/texted by their targeted customers via a myriad of social media outlets. The best we have, however, is evolving.

While all of the above technologies - offered by many award-winning vendors - present facets of insights to the behemoth, the real size and what the elephant - our emotions - actually looks like is revealed by our vocal intonations - arguably, the most personal and most revealing expression of our emotions.
The Anatomy of Emotions Analytics
"Emotions Analytics" is a new field that focuses on identifying and analyzing the full spectrum of human emotions including mood, attitude and emotional personality. Now imagine Emotions Analytics embedded inside your mobile applications and devices, opening up a new dimension of human-machine interactions. Think of an "emotional analytics engine" that takes a 20-second snippet of your spoken vocal intonation and nearly simultaneously offers you a succinct analysis of the underlying emotional communication via a dashboard.

One such initial example is Moodies, which asks individuals to speak their minds, and then analyzes the speech into primary and secondary moods, the latter usually pertaining to a subliminally underlying emotional state. Since the app analyzes vocal cues and intonations, not the content of your words, the software can, at present analyze any language(it was tested on more than 30).

But Moodies is just a mere opening salvo. The ability to understand mood, attitude and emotional personality is disruptive in almost any vertical imaginable. Hiring managers could more quickly determine the ideal job candidate, while interviewees could better practice to make that memorable first impression. One can use emotions analytics to analyze and understand the emotional side of political speeches, the explanation of a whistleblower, or apologies uttered by famous athletes and Hollywood stars. On the other hand companies, brands, job applicants, and politicians could use the same technology to finally understand what we - the voting masses - really feel toward them.
Moods, Attitudes, Emotional personality: What Does It Actually Signify?
Emotions are multifaceted, and so are the tools to express them. Emotions Analytics uses more than 400 mood variants divided into more than 20 mood groups to express our current and transient emotional status - from depressed, happy, embracive, and assertive to aggressive. Attitude is expressed as a motor of different engines measuring composure, cooperation, efficiency and more. Lastly, the emotional type model of Emotions Analytics is comprised of a few dozen personality variants grouped in seven archetypes describing types such as the innovators, the conservatives, the tough and overbearing, and/or the reclusive introverts.

Researching Emotions Analytics for the past 18 years, with over 70,000 tagged voices in more than 30 languages, has resulted in about 80 percent accuracy - pretty impressive considering the complexity of the human emotional state, as well as the many factors that can affect the cleanliness of a voice recording, such as background noise, more than one person speaking at the same time, and microphone quality and saturation levels.
The History of Emotions Analytics
In 1995, Beyond Verbal's chief scientist Dr. Yoram Levanon, a physics major, and neuropsychologist Dr. Lan Lossos started trying to understand how babies - who do not understand a single word - are able to figure out exactly what their caretakers feel toward them. Specifically, Dr. Levanon took a closer look at the physical modulations of air pressures that carry the sounds in our surroundings to unearth the answer. Together, Beyond Verbal's research team gradually unveiled the vocal patterns that carry our emotions and decoded the human intonation mechanism, thus giving birth to the new field of Emotions Analytics.
Road to Game-Changing Emotions Analytics
Fortunately for app developers and device manufacturers, the time and the research-intensive heavy lifting has been done. Implementing Emotions Analytics into every aspect of our lives is now considerably easier and faster. The technology enables its users to transform human-machine and interpersonal interactions by creating emotionally enhanced applications that could be installed in practically any voice-enabled, voice-activated, or voice-controlled device. A few months ago Beyond Verbal decided to upload its emotions analytics engine to the internet making the algorithms available via APIs residing in a secure cloud.

With so many possible implementations in so many verticals it is only natural to partner with third-party app developers and companies in the fields of consumer applications, mobile devices, and appliances, rather than just coming up with an in-house solution. The response has been overwhelming - from individual app developers, automotive corporations, and marketing research companies to call centers, healthcare players, device manufacturers, and a host of many others - all are eager to harness Emotions Analytics and drive a stake in this new terra incognita.

As the Emotions Analytics community grows, the first partners' emotionally-powered solutions are expected in the market this quarter. If you are passionate about emotions, join in and light up your mobile app's blind spot. Help create a new breed of device and applications capable of detecting not only what we say, but also how we say it.
Yuval Mor is the CEO of Beyond Verbal.

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The Future of Human-Machine Interaction: It's Not What You Say, It's How You Say It

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Emotions matter. We know it intuitively, but our machines don't. They do not know how we feel; they have no idea as to what we mean, and they are clueless in deciphering if a quickly uttered "have a nice day" actually is genuine. This emotional blind-spot is not due to a lack of trying.

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Dav Foundation - automotive - blockchain 

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Dav Foundation - automotive - blockchain 

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Blockchain startup DAV Foundation has joined the Mobility Open Blockchain Initiative (MOBI), a blockchain-focused initiative aimed at making transportation safer, more affordable, and more widely accessible.

Launched in May, MOBI's founding members include the likes of BMW, Ford, General Motors, Groupe Renault, Accenture, Hyperledger, IBM, IOTA, ConsenSys and several others.

Founded in 2017, DAV Foundation is building a decentralised global network for autonomous vehicles. Earlier this week, it launched the DAV Network which is the first open-source system for transport operating on a global scale.

Under the partnership, DAV Network and MOBI will help unite and decentralise every element across both networks, including car and ride sharing, charging stations, autonomous payments, pay-as-you-use insurance and taxes. All these aspects will be governed by smart contracts that are secured on the blockchain.

"Our approach is open and inclusive and we welcome stakeholders from across the mobility value chain to help build our network. We want to inspire a rapid and scalable adoption of technologies by companies in the autonomous and mobility space and the partnership with the DAV Foundation will help drive this," Chris Ballinger, CEO of MOBI, said.

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DAV Foundation joins automotive blockchain consortium 'MOBI' - EconoTimes

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Blockchain startup DAV Foundation has joined the Mobility Open Blockchain Initiative (MOBI), a blockchain-focused initiative aimed at making transportation safer, more affordable, and more widely accessible. Launched in May, MOBI's founding members include the likes of BMW, Ford, General Motors, Groupe Renault, Accenture, Hyperledger, IBM, IOTA, ConsenSys and several others.

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Cleo's Paradise Collection | Soak Sunday

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Calm & Soothe ~ Discover the Soak Sunday Cleo's Paradise bath and body care collection, bath botanicals to calm and soothe.

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I've been using this cream and cleanser for about a month and the condition of my skin has improved so much already. I am always sceptical about "miracle" creams advertised on the internet but was so fed up with the condition of my skin I decided to give it a try. I have classic combination skin and the products have improved both the oiliness and blocked pore, and the dryness. It took a couple of days to adjust, but then it's been great. The delivery was very quick and efficient and I love the information in their emails too.
No stress and all the promised benefits!
After having used countless different face creams and getting disappointed on and on and on I can finally rejoice because Nøie is here to stay! I love that it's with no smell (thank you-thank you!) and that it really does what it promises to do.

My skin has never felt this good and I have had so many no make-up days now when I feel more confident in my own skin. I'm loving it!

Nøie is an amazing brand, they offer good products which are actually working!I had late acne and try a lot of different products in order to have a better skin but none of these worked.Then, I started to use Nøie products and two weeks after my skin was getting better, healthier.

I had no more pimples, only really small ones and now it's not an issue for me to not wear me make-up.I recommend 100% Nøie brand products !

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custom skincare that works | nøie® is yours - every time

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Custom skincare that works | Nøie® is yours - every time

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I've been using this cream and cleanser for about a month and the condition of my skin has improved so much already. I am always sceptical about "miracle" creams advertised on the internet but was so fed up with the condition of my skin I decided to give it a try.

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Relax & Indulge ~ Indulge your soul and transport your mind to a garden of Rose Utopia ~ Discover the Soak Sunday Rose Utopia bath & body care collection to relax and indulge.

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Microsoft Mesh - a mixed-reality platform 

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Microsoft Mesh - a mixed-reality platform 

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Mixed-reality platform, Microsoft Mesh, will allow people to join and share the same virtual experience wherever they are in the world.

The system was announced at the company's Ignite digital conference, earlier this month.

While augmented reality overlays virtual objects in front of you, mixed reality allows the user to interact with what they can see and the assets are anchored in the real world.

The system can be accessed through a range of devices including Microsoft Hololens 2, virtual reality headsets, computers and even a smartphone.

But how could it change the way we work, play games and be entertained? BBC Click's Omar Mehtab finds out more.

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Microsoft Mesh: Will it change how we collaborate?

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Mixed-reality platform, Microsoft Mesh, will allow people to join and share the same virtual experience wherever they are in the world. The system was announced at the company's Ignite digital conference, earlier this month. While augmented reality overlays virtual objects in front of you, mixed reality allows the user to interact with what they can see and the assets are anchored in the real world.

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The auto industry generates loyalty or disloyalty more than virtually any other industry in the world today. Consumers will stick with a good brand or manufacturer of vehicle if that vehicle treats them in a good way and requires little maintenance. Once a bad taste gets in the mouth of a consumer, however, that manufacturer that provided a "bad" vehicle may never see a purchase again.

Top Automaker Statistics

The Top 10 automakers provide 80% of the vehicles that are on the road today.

That figure is even higher in the United States, where the Top 10 automakers are responsible for 90% of the vehicles that are on the road. Toyota and General Motors are typically the world leaders in vehicle sales year by year, each accounting for about 9 million vehicles sold on average each year. This represents about a 20% market share for each.

Key Facts That You Need to Know Right Now

1. By an agreement with the US government, most automakers have committed to creating vehicles that will have a fuel economy of at least 54 miles per gallon.
2. The average length of time that a vehicle remains on the road being used is 11.3 years.
3. For each mile per gallon that is increased on average, more than 70,000 barrels of oil can be used for other purposes.

Takeaway: Americans especially are looking for vehicles with better fuel efficiency simply because they often drive the most miles per capita than any other country in the world today. Good vehicles are needed to accomplish this, and because the market in the US is so extensive [the average household owns 2.8 vehicles in the US], automakers are bound to make agreements with the government, especially foreign automakers, so that the sales can keep coming. This might drive up car prices overall, but the ultimate goal is to lower fuel consumption, creating equality in long-term expenses for the average consumer.

Other Facts to Consider About This Industry

1. Ford predicted an 8% overall gain in sales for 2013, but realized just a 3% total gain in overall sales around the world.
2. Asian countries are expected to see a 40% growth in demand of automobiles in the next 7 years.
3. Ford expects to manufacture about half a million vehicles and engines in India by 2015, having spent more than $2 billion on infrastructure improvements.
4. Chinese automobile sales have increased by double digits every year for the last decade except for the economic downturn year of 2008 because of tax incentives for small cars.
5. Since 1999, more than 20 of the world's largest suppliers of auto parts have filed for bankruptcy protection.
6. Up to 70% of the hybrid cars that are sold today are in the US market.

The global auto industry has some encouraging signs, but it also has quite a few disturbing sighs. Sales figures are up overall, but supporting companies are finding it difficult to stay in business in this industry. As fuel economies rise, cars will be expected to stay on the road for even longer periods of time, which may cause some auto sales to drop and provide more of a market for auto parts. Will the automakers jump into this industry to maintain sales? Or will parts suppliers be able to realize a comeback? Only time will tell.

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9 Provocative Auto Industry Statistics - BrandonGaille.com

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The auto industry generates loyalty or disloyalty more than virtually any other industry in the world today. Consumers will stick with a good brand or manufacturer of vehicle if that vehicle treats them in a good way and requires little maintenance.

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The disabled influencers making their mark on social media

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Brands are starting to embrace social media influencers with disabilities to target the “purple pound”.

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Now more than ever it is important to amplify black voices, especially from people with disabilities. One easy and powerful way to do this is by following black people on social media and learning from their experiences. Our writer and editor Shannon has compiled a list of 8 black disabled men that are changing the game. Don't forget to check out our article from last week on 8 influential black women with disabilities to follow.
Antwan Tolliver

After acquiring a spinal cord injury, Antwan founded the clothing company, Freedom is Fly, which is an "affordable street style brand".

Antwan says adjusting to life in a wheelchair took a toll on him, "I didn't feel like myself. I felt uncomfortable in my own skin. Every now and then I would get dressed and go out with family and friends and that was the only time I felt alive. It made sense because when you look good, you feel good! That is the reason I created the brand, Freedom is Fly."

"I just want to let people in similar situations know that it's okay to not be like everyone else. It's okay to not follow trends. It's okay to be comfortable in your uniqueness."

Leon Ford

Leon has spoken to audiences around the country about overcoming trauma. He speaks about healing wounds by courageously addressing that they exist and by providing solutions to overcome them.

He uses his influence to promote positivity, advocate for literacy, mental health and spinal cord injury research.

Shaheem Sanchez

Shaheem is a talented dancer and choreographer based in Sacramento, CA. Sanchez went deaf at the age of 4, and taught himself how to detect the music's vibrations allowing the feeling to drive his rhythm.

His combines signature style American Sign Language (ASL) with hip hop dancing.

He shares a YouTube channel with his girlfriend Nancy, where they make videos about being a Deaf couple. He is also a popular creator on TikTok .

Feranmi Okanlami

Dr. Feranmi Okanlami earned his Masters Degree from the University of Michigan and studied into Orthopedic Surgery at Yale, where he acquired a spinal cord injury during his third year. He is currently an Assistant Professor of Family Medicine & Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation at the University of Michigan.

He is also the Director of Adaptive Sports, which provides access to physical fitness and sports for people with disabilities.

He often speaks to groups on diversity, equity, and inclusion related topics, including the lack of black male physicians and creating a health system that is more accessible to both patients and providers with disabilities.

Wesley Hamilton

After obtaining a spinal cord injury, Wesley created the organisation, Disabled But Not Really (DBNR), to bring positivity and hope to the disabled community .

DBNR joins community events to raise awareness about the role of good mental and physical health in overcoming life's challenges.

Its scholarship program helps disabled individuals learn ways to improve their nutrition and fitness. It also supports the homeless population in Kansas City, Missouri by providing dignity care packages, water and food.

Wesley is also an adaptive bodybuilder and a public speaker. He was on an episode of Netflix's Queer Eye and has been featured on many media outlets, including CNN, ABC News, BBC, and The Today Show.

Jessie Chin

Jessie is a 'sit down' comedian who has performed at comedy clubs in New York City. He credits the power of laughter for his positive outlook on life.

He is an ambassador for the 'See Us' campaign for the Christopher and Dana Reeves Foundation, which highlights individuals with spinal cord injuries.

Jessie says: "There are a lot of people in my situation who are going through life and they just want to be seen as a person. They are fathers, brothers, sisters, uncles.

The campaign is about seeing the person, not the disability, and getting people to understand that there's no difference between an able-bodied person and one with paralysis."

Jessie is also a model for the brand Tommy Hilfiger, and appeared on in the Runway of Dreams Fashion Show wearing the clothes.

Matt Maxey

Matt was born deaf and didn't start learning ASL until college. He realised he could combine his two worlds, deaf and hearing, and his love for hip hop to create change.

His big break came in 2017 when he went on tour with Chance the Rapper. Some of the songs he has signed include Praise the Lord by ASAP Rocky, Proud by 2 Chainz and 7 Days by Craig David.

Matt says: "If we can get hearing people and the deaf community to come together and learn from each other as well as enjoy their company together, that's our mission."

Garrison Redd

Garrison is from Brooklyn, New York and has a spinal cord injury. In 2019, he was selected to represent Team USA in Para-Powerlifting and has lifted more than 300 pounds in competitions.
By Shannon Kelly Cover photo illustration by Lily Hughes. More on Disability Horizons...

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8 influential black disabled men to follow

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We compiled a list of black disabled men who are changing the world through their actions and social media presence. Now more than ever it is important to amplify black voices, so we encourage you to give them a follow!

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At Siren we've a long history of working with brands that engage the disabled community. We started working w ith Motability Operations more than 16 years ago and have created and developed a wide-ranging list of campaigns to demonstrate the benefits of the Motability Scheme for people with disabilit ies.
Engaging with an audience, not talking to them
Engag ing with your target audience and allowing their experiences and opinions shape your work will always deliver longer lasting, more tangible results. That can take the shape of partnering with a relevant charity or organisation, holding focus groups or working with key influencers in the space...and we recommend doing all of the above.

The importance of the internet in connecting with a disabled audience

The internet has become an increasingly powerful tool for the disabled community. Usage has been historically low, but the data from the Office of National Statistics shows that in 2019 in the UK, the number of disabled adults who were recent internet users reached over 10 million for the first time, that's 78 per cent of disabled adults.

In younger age groups the difference between the stats for disabled and non-disabled people shows little difference (98 per cent and 99 per cent respectively). Younger generations have grown up with digital access and smartphones as the norm, and the accessibility of popular platforms and devices has increased exponentially over recent years.

As we all know, social media is an incredible tool for staying connected, and we've all witnessed this on a totally different scale during this year of lockdowns and shielding. And for members of minoritised communities, it's also a place people can find representation and connect with others who have had similar experiences to themselves, as well as a route to seek support and overcome loneliness.

For brands with a real relevance to the disabled community, social media and digital content - particularly that which allows new connections to be made - should be a significant part of their marketing and communications strategy.
Building a successful online community
Of course, you need to remain cognisant of some members possibly being more vulnerable members of society. But otherwise, listening and paying attention to what the community wants to see and engage with remains a key part of the strategy.

Trial and error , and not just at the beginning of the activity, is the only way to continue to evolve an online community and to better engage and build a meaningful relationship online. There will always be certain pieces of information you want to get across to your target audience, but playing with how that information is purveyed will help to develop impactful content.
Involving your target audience
Influencer marketing remains a great way to reach a target audience. We've talked about working with micro influencers before, and if you're looking to engage a niche audience this is a good approach .

We've initiated many long-standing brand/influencer collaborations on behalf of our clients. Just li k e building an online community, being willing to flex and evolve the partnership makes for a fruitful , long-term relationship that delivers real results.

You can find out more about our experience with disability, not-for-profit NGO & charity clients here. And if you represent a brand looking to connect with your niche target audience, get in touch.
BACK TO TOP

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Working with the disabled community & what to look for in an agency

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At Siren we've a long history of working with brands that engage the disabled community. We started working w ith Motability Operations more than 16 years ago and have created and developed a wide-ranging list of campaigns to demonstrate the benefits of the Motability Scheme for people with disabilit ies.

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The Ansoff Matrix, also called the Product/Market Expansion Grid, is a tool used by firms to analyze and plan their strategies for growth. The matrix shows

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[click infographic to view larger image]

Like most industries, it appears auto marketing is making a large shift towards mobile. Well, the consumers are moving to mobile, anyway, and any intelligent marketer knows that where the consumers are, so should be your campaign dollars.

A recent study, performed by Verve Wireless, surveyed consumers regarding their use of mobile devices (smartphones and tablets) during the automotive research and purchase process. The numbers may come as a surprise to some - especially those of you who still haven't integrated a mobile strategy into your overall auto marketing plan. Check out some of the biggest take-aways:

* More than 7 in 10 (71%) of consumers are open to using or have already used their mobile devices throughout the research and car buying process

* Nearly half of respondents recall seeing an auto ad on their smartphone or tablet in the past 30 days

* 85% of consumers are willing to visit a local dealership to test drive a new vehicle if they were to receive an incentive via their mobile device

* Over 50% of consumers say it's very important their next car be mobile-friendly (capable of syncing with apps on their smartphone or be Bluetooth-enabled, for example)

* When researching auto purchases, the main types of information consumers are looking for include:

* Model information (40%)
* Photos (38%)
* Dealership locations (25%)

So what do these findings mean? Not only are consumers beginning the car buying process on mobile devices, but they're receptive to auto ads and special offers - particularly beneficial to auto dealerships who focus on local marketing. To get your auto marketing message in front of this active audience, start by making sure your site is optimized ( SEO) using the keywords those consumers use when performing a local search for your products and services. In addition, local paid search marketing allows you to get in front of local car buyers by fulfilling a need, rather than trying to create it. Through local search, you can provide special offers and coupons. Similarly, you can do the same through social advertising and communication (Twitter, Facebook, etc.).

The possibilities are many. Regardless of which options you choose (we recommend all of them), it's important to create a consistent, integrated marketing campaign across all channels.

Related Articles:
How Mobile is Changing Retail Marketing and Buying Behavior [INFOGRAPHIC]: Today's Constantly Connected Mobile Consumer To Keep Up with Mobile & Social Trends, Automotive Marketing Must Evolve SEMA Show 2011 Automotive Marketing Recap: Part 2 SEMA Show 2011 Automotive Marketing Recap: Part 1 Image and Survey Source: Verve Wireless

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Auto Marketing Should Follow Consumers to Mobile, Study Finds

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click infographic to view larger image] Like most industries, it appears auto marketing is making a large shift towards mobile. Well, the consumers are moving to mobile, anyway, and any intelligent marketer knows that where the consumers are, so should be your campaign dollars. A...

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In digital marketing terms, Conversion Rate means the amount of traffic which performs the desired actions on the website compared to the total website traffic. Conversion rate depends on the type of product or service offered on a website. For example, on a content based website, viewers subscribing to content with email or submitting forms can be fruitful conversion. While for an eCommerce site conversion would be fruitful when purchases are made on the website through purchase cart.
Why is conversion rate important?
The Conversion rate is very significant for the website managers because higher the conversion rate is, means higher return on investment. There are various methods of measuring and increasing the conversion rates, the most effective ones are discussed below.
Examples of Conversion Rate formula:
L ead Generation Number of Leads Collected / Total Traffic to Site x 100 = Conversion Rate

Sales
Number of Sales / Number of Visitors x 100 = Conversion Rate

(Note: There are various analytical tools and software which calculate the conversion rate).
1. Call to Action (CTA):

Every website has different forms of call to action, such as Register, Sign up, Order here etc. Placing the Call to Action on the website where the visitors can easily view and click is very significant. An option for improving your CTA can be done by changing the wording to simpler and user interest (example: try it out, connect with our experts, get started etc.). The use of audience oriented text and customized images also attract users to click on the CTA.
2. Targeted Audience:

Traffic is important for the website to grow; though random or un-targeted audience would lead to poor conversion or high bounce rate. Therefore, for better results of users' time-spend on the website or monetary conversions, defining the targeted audience is very vital.

Example: 100 targeted visitors leading to 10% conversion rate are better than, 1000 visitors to the website where conversion rate is 0%
3. Landing Pages:

The landing page is a useful resource to track the conversion rate. The purpose of the landing page is to offer visitors with focused information about the product and service. A landing page can be separate from the actual website pages; it is a useful way of tracking different marketing campaigns such as email campaign, social media campaign, mobile campaigns, etc. The message must be clear on landing pages, focusing clearly on the Call-to-action with sign-ups, subscriptions, offers etc.
4. Testing and re-testing:

To be successful in online business, marketers and developers need to keep on testing. Testing not only helps in fixing various bugs, whereas it helps in understanding the conversion rate much better. On average, organic visitors tends to spend more time on the website, by viewing more pages and reducing the bounce rate. Likewise, re-visiting users tend to spend more time than new users, therefore testing parameters must be designed for the right people.

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Effective ways to increase Marketing Conversion - Kabir

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Understanding Conversion Rate: In digital marketing terms, Conversion Rate means the amount of traffic which performs the desired actions on the website compared to the total website traffic. Conversion rate depends on the type of product or service offered on a website. For example, on a content based website, viewers subscribing to content with email [...]

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Being "a blogger" is a funny thing,

weird to talk about in real life,

especially after years of teaching and trying to keep this part of my life separate and secret.

I know that I am not a huge blogger, and I don't really want to be.

I like writing this blog as a style diary, a journal of travels and adventures.

I have gotten lots of sponsorships, have met lots of amazing people,

attended a couple blogging conferences

I blogged a lot about sponsorships and working with brands in my post titled

and knew I had to share it.

Just because some bloggers don't have massive followings and celebrity status

doesn't mean that their endorsement isn't powerful and profitable.

It does mean that companies need to be respectful

"Offers" like this one I recently received from Shillume.com,

is exactly what NOT to do when reaching out to a blogger.

You "need" me to do all these things for $10, yeah, no thank you.

Here is an example that is even worse...

Firmoo was one of the first eyeglass companies that sponsored my blog and sent me free glasses.

I have quite a few pairs and enjoy them.

I like a lots of Firmoo's glasses but have been annoyed at their emails claiming "Free Pair"

but in the fine print, and sometimes not at all, they say "only for new customers".

Recently, a "representative" from Firmoo asking for help with promoting a customer survey,

in exchange for a new pair of Firmoo glasses,

I said yes and posted the link to the survey on my Instagram stories as requested and even posted a link on the side bar of my blog:

I reached back out to "Logan" and told him that my end of the deal was complete,

he sent me a link to a website to "redeem a free pair"

but once again it was "only for new customers" which doesn't make sense.

Why wouldn't you want to BUILD and STRENGTHEN the relationships with existing customers, especially micro-influencers?

"Logan" didn't get back to me for over a week,

I reached back out and asked if he had some code since that was only a website

and I got this back days later:

Only to never hear from him again, which to be honest, sucks.

Now I feel that I can no longer recommend Firmoo as an online eyewear company.
I think that they are worth getting "your first pair free",
which I ended up opening a new account with my blog email
& claiming the pair I wanted in the first place.

I am happy I did because I really like them:

{Style #S943 for reference}

So go get you some free glasses but beware of lack of followthrough.

As a micro-influencer, I feel obligated to be honest about sponsorships.

Share the good and bad of sponsorship opportunities.

Which is exactly a feature of being a micro-influencer that Bloghaven outlined in their infographic.

Shop my closet, including modern items, on !

Use coupon code "BUSSI" for $5 off your first purchase

This post contains affiliate links and I may be compensated

if you click on my links or make a purchase using my links.

Some products may be gifted to me for promotion,

they will always be noted with "c/o"

Thanks for your continued support! <3

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Being "a blogger" is a funny thing, weird to talk about in real life, especially after years of teaching and trying to keep this part of my life separate and secret. I know that I am not a huge blogger, and I don't really want to be.

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With more than 800 million people scrolling through their feed each month, prices have been hitting serious highs. According to Forbes, an account with over a million followers can earn upwards of $50k for a single sponsored post (depending on its engagement).

Marketers have noticed that once an account is over a certain size, however, fewer people bother to engage questioning the value of a multimillion army of fans. The ratio of likes and comments to followers peaks when an account has around 1,000 followers. Get more than 100,000 followers, and engagement starts to flatten out; users just aren't as keen to interact with a celebrity as with someone they can relate to more closely.

An emerging trend has entered the ecommerce marketing arena since such social media channels as Instagram, Facebook, Twitter and YouTube became increasingly popular. Micro-influencers, have successfully settled in the world traditionally ruled by the Kardashians and eventually gained more value for marketers.

HelloSociety, which was acquired 2 years ago by the New York Times, has found that "micro"-influencers, or accounts with 30,000 or fewer followers, are more beneficial for marketers to work with.

WHY DO MICRO-INFLUENCERS MATTER.

Though micro-influencers have far fewer subscribers than their million-plus peers, engaging them in the promotion of online stores can be more profitable. It turns out that trust and close relationship with the audience is critical for purchasing decisions. So, what exactly makes ecommerce companies choose micro-influencers?

Three simple statistics:

60% higher engagement

Underpriced (6.7X more cost-efficient per engagement)

22.2% more weekly conversations than the average consumer.

60 percent higher campaign engagement rates are driven by micro-influencers; those campaigns are 6.7 times more efficient per engagement than influencers with larger followings, which makes them more cost effective; and micro-influencers drive 22.2 times more weekly conversations than the average consumer.

Because they are personally invested in their crafts, micro influencers are trusted sources of recommendations for followers.

Just because an influencer has hundreds of thousands, or millions, of followers doesn't mean that the specific campaign will be more effective than if a marketer or brand works with an influencer with fewer followers.

'The Game' isn't just getting eyeballs; but getting eyeballs that care!

USING MICRO-INFLUENCERS TO SUCCESSFULLY PROMTE YOUR BUSINESS

Turn micro-influential fans into advocates.

The best types of influencers are those who are already fans of your brand. When they promote products or services from your brand, it's more trustworthy because their followers know that the influencer already loves your products. The best part is that you won't have to put in too much effort to convince them to become your brand advocates.
2. Have micro-influencers tell a story.
If you really want to promote your brand through micro-influencers, a simple photo featuring your product in the background isn't going to cut it. You can't bet on people enjoying the post, noticing your product and researching your brand just from product placement photos. For the content to really reach and resonate with your target audience, the influencer needs to tell a story around the brand or product.
3. Run an ongoing campaign.
A one-off campaign may be sufficient to promote an upcoming product launch or to drive more sales. But when the goal is to promote your brand, you're going to need micro-influencers for a long-term campaign. This is crucial because an ongoing campaign will ensure that your target audience consumes as much content about your brand as possible.

CHALLENGES OF MICRO-INFLUENCER MARKETING, AND HOW TO SOLVE THEM.

As each and every promotional technique, a micro-influencer marketing campaign can fail. Lured by benefits, marketers can forget to pay due attention to possible pitfalls.

First of all, (relevant) micro-influencers are harder to find. With more and more people creating and expanding their audience in social media, finding the right influencer for an ecommerce company becomes paramount. Looking through multiple accounts with a required audience size demands an enormous amount of time. Here are several ways to facilitate the search:

1. Start with followers of your business account. Choosing micro-influencers who know the online company and are used to purchasing with it is the best tactic. Bloggers will be more inspired to build a partnership while marketers will save much effort to convey a business idea. Billy Sixes, an Australian online apparel and sunglasses retailer, went this way to launch a micro-influencer campaign. Having studied its followers on Instagram, the new start-up company identified those with the required following and engage them for shoots and showcases of products through their personal accounts.

2. Use hashtags. People use hashtags to facilitate the search. Why don't marketers take advantage of this feature and find influential candiadates with relevant content? To make hashtag research more effective, one should narrow search parameters. For example, #vegetarianfood instead of more general #food will boil the list down to the most appropriate candidates for a vegetarian e-shop.

3. Search for local influencers. If an ecommerce company serves a particular area (for example, a food delivery service), it will win by promoting via local bloggers or local hashtags eg. #downtownLA

4. Automate the search. Doing manual research can be time-consuming. Such tools as BuzzSumo, Klear and Ninja Outreach facilitate the first stage and leave marketers with a ready-made list of possible micro-influencers.

Micro-influencers are harder to work with.

A single mention in social media might not be enough for an efficient marketing campaign. Aiming to increase the exposure, businesses need to engage multiple micro-influencers. This calls for more working hours devoted to the search of relevant advocates, personal communication with them and evaluation of results. For instance, working with ten micro-influencers is ten times more time- and effort-consuming than working with one macro-influencer.

There's a lot of benefit in building long-term, genuine relationships with these 'advocates' who are relevant to your brand. Though micro-influencers are better to be given freedom in creating advertising posts, developed guidelines on brand and campaign goals can let marketers quickly deliver the promotional idea and find a common language with bloggers.

...is write stuff that's worth your time and can bring you value. If you enjoyed the read please click the💚 below so other people will see it too (you can click up to 50times)!! **Would also mean the world if you could DM me on here and say 'Hey!' → Do it and I will send you a few simple instructions on 'How to write the perfect Instagram BIO for your personal brand and or business!' :) Alternatively click here! ❤
- SIDNEY -

This story is published in The Startup, Medium's largest entrepreneurship publication followed by 285,454+ people.

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Why MICRO-INFLUENCER Marketing is still 'The Game' in 2019.

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With more than 800 million people scrolling through their feed each month, prices have been hitting serious highs. According to Forbes , an account with over a million followers can earn upwards of $50k for a single sponsored post (depending on its engagement).

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Clubhouse is an audio-based social media platform that's currently invite-only and available only on iOS. You can use the app to listen in on and participate in different conversations on different topics-sometimes with celebrities like Oprah, Kevin Hart, Jared Leto, and others. Users have described the Clubhouse experience as a combination of networking opportunities, panel discussions, and live podcasts. If you're looking for hard, fast facts about Clubhouse, you're not alone. That's why we've pulled together these Clubhouse statistics. Here, you'll learn more about Clubhouse users and revenue. We'll close out with a few tips you can use to make the most of your time on the platform.

Clubhouse Statistics: Revenue, Users, and More!:

Clubhouse Statistics and Facts

Clubhouse is a new app-like, brand new. As such, there's little information available out there about the exclusive, invite-only app. Here are some Clubhouse statistics we were able to uncover to help you better understand the app.

1. Clubhouse has 10 million downloads globally (Feb,2021)

According to AppAnnie, Clubhouse grew from over 3.5 million global downloads to 8.1 million from 1 February - 16 February 2021. This meteoric rise in can be attributed to the adoption of the platform by several high profile influencers such as Elon Musk, Kanye West and Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg.

2. Clubhouse only has about 2 million weekly active users

3. The app was initially valued at $100 million

Despite the fact that Clubhouse's owners haven't done any real press about it and doesn't even have a real website as of this writing, Clubhouse was valued at $100 in May 2020 after an initial round of Series A funding with a $12 million investment from Andreessen Horowitz, a US-based capital firm. At the time, the app only had around 5,000 beta test users. The deal included $10 million in primary capital and at least $2 million in secondary shares (CNBC).

4. Clubhouse has just 9 employees

5. Users spend a lot of time on the app

Okay, this is less a Clubhouse statistic and more anecdotal but it's still fascinating to know. Despite the fact that the app only has a few hundred thousand users, the users who are lucky enough to have snagged an invite are spending tens of hours on the app each week. One woman reported spending more than 40 hours a week on Clubhouse (New York Times). Other users tweeted about their own usage, showing usage between 11-22 hours for the week.

6. Clubhouse's first influencer was Sheel Mohnot

7. Clubhouse has a go-to "after hours" room

8. Clubhouse draws in celebrities and other "elites"

In just a few months, Clubhouse house an amassed an impressive live of celebrities taking to the app. Here's a list of the celebrities (A-list and not) we've seen creating rooms, lurking, and participating in conversations:

Oprah Winfrey (talk show host, television producer, actress, author, and philanthropist)

Drake (rapper, singer, songwriter, actor, and entrepreneur)

Jared Leto (actor and musician)

Tiffany Haddish (actor, comedian, and author)

Joe Budden (broadcaster, cultural critic, media personality, and former rapper)

Kevin Hart (comedian, actor, and producer)

Chet Hanks (actor, musician, and Tom Hanks's son)

Meek Mill (rapper, songwriter, and activist)

21 Savage (rapper, songwriter, and record producer)

Ashleigh Louise (UK's famous moderator)

Wiley (rapper, songwriter, DJ, and record producer)

Ashton Kutcher (actor, model, producer, entrepreneur, and venture capitalist)

Chris Rock (comedian, actor, television producer, and filmmaker)

DeRay McKesson (activist, podcaster, and former school administrator)

Shaka Senghor (Head of Diversity, Equality & Inclusion at TripActions, Director's Fellow Alumni of the MIT Media Lab, college lecturer, and author)

Van Jones (news commentator, author, and lawyer)

Virgil Abloh (designer, entrepreneur, and DJ)

Kanye West (rapper, record producer, and fashion designer)

CC Sabathia (former professional baseball pitcher)

Jaylon Smith (Dallas Cowboys linebacker)

Marcellus Wiley (retired American football defensive end)

JaVale McGee (Cleveland Cavaliers center)

Michael Ovitz (businessman, investor, and philanthropist)

Ted Lieu (U.S. Representative)

Mark Cuban (entrepreneur, television personality, media proprietor, and investor)

Terry Crews (actor, comedian, activist, artist, bodybuilder, and former professional football player)

Jeffrey Katzenberg (film producer and media proprietor)

Jodie Turner-Smith (model and actor)

MC Hammer (rapper, dancer, record producer, and entrepreneur)

Estelle (singer, songwriter, rapper, record producer, and actor)

It's quite an impressive list for an app that's barely half a year old. And we guarantee you it's not even a complete list.

9. Clubhouse has launched an invite-only Creator Pilot Program

As of December 2020, Clubhouse is testing a Creator Pilot Program with more than 40 Clubhouse influencers. The influencers have been promised the ear of at least one of the app's founders during weekly meetings as well as early access to special tools and features within the app. If you do influencer marketing , we recommend getting on Clubhouse as soon as possible to guarantee your spot as a top influencer on the app.

10.Clubhouse was created in 2020

After it was created in April 2020, the app ended up with 1,500 the next month, in May 2020 (New York Times).

11. Clubhouse has investment interest at $1 Billion (as of January 2021)

As of January 2021, after raising a Series B round of investing led by Andreessen Horowitz, Clubhouse is valued at $1 billion-10 times higher than it was valued a mere eight months ago (The Information). According to Clubhouse's own blog, they currently have more than 180 investors in the app.

12.The app is starting a Creator Grant Program and will begin testing payments for creators

Using part of its recent funding, Clubhouse will be testing paying creators on the platform directly through features like tipping, tickets, or subscriptions, according to the app's blog. They'll also be using a portion of their new funding round to fund their Creator Grant Program to support emerging Clubhouse creators.

How To Use Clubhouse App

Start by downloading the iOS app (sorry, no Android app just yet). If you don't have an invitation, you can still reserve your Clubhouse username and add yourself to the waiting list. And then you wait. Probably for a while. Unless you're planning to pay for an invite or have some connected friends willing to send you an invite, of course. Once you're in, you'll be able to invite people, too.

When you sign up, you'll be prompted to follow people or topics and based on your choices, you'll be able to scroll through a list of all the rooms that are available to you. The rooms you see could be from your own network on the app to celebrities. Plus, you can set up the app to send notifications when conversations are happening that you might be interested in.

Following People On Clubhouse

Since you sign up for Clubhouse using your mobile number, the Clubhouse algorithm will connect you to the people in your contact list and you can choose to follow them on the app (or not). The app will also recommend people to you based on your preferences, the topics, and the people you've followed. Whenever you find someone interesting, click the follow button and you're good to go.

Following Topics On Clubhouse

Clubhouse is an app of conversations, so it should come as no surprise that the topics you'll find will range from broad ("wellness") to very specific ("police and criminal justice reform"). Under Clubhouse's recommendations for people to follow, you'll see a section with topics that says Find Conversations About... where you can tap on general topics and go deeper into subtopics to find exactly what it is you're interested in.

Starting A Room On Clubhouse

Starting your own room on Clubhouse is easy to do. Just tap on Add a Topic and you'll be given the option of making your room closed, social, or open. Closed rooms are private-only for you and the folks you invite. Social rooms are open to the people you're directly connected to on Clubhouse. Open rooms are exactly what you'd imagine-open to anyone and everyone.

Joining Rooms On Clubhouse

When you find a room you want to enter, just tap on Join Room. You'll enter the room muted and you never have to speak if you don't want to. If you're ready to share your thoughts, tap on raise hand, request speaking, or go ahead an unmute yourself. When you're ready to leave, just tap leave quietly.

Creating Your Own Club On Clubhouse

Starting a club room is just as simple as starting a regular room. Just tap Start a Room at the bottom of the Clubhouse hallway. From there, tap on either Add a Topic or just tap on one of the clubs instead of the room types. Your club room will start as a closed room and will only be visible to club members. Tap the three-dot icon to the right of the club name for actions like letting visitors in (making the room public), review club rules, or end the room.

Stay Tuned for More Clubhouse Statistics...

Clubhouse is a super new app and its founders have been keeping quiet about it so far. As the app matures, keep checking back for more Clubhouse statistics and facts you can use to leverage the app for your marketing efforts . While you're waiting for your highly-coveted Clubhouse invite, why not start a podcast to help you generate larger following while improving your speaking skills?

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Clubhouse?

Clubhouse is an audio-based social app that was created by Paul Davison and Rohan Seth (a former Google engineer) in April, 2020. It is currently an exclusive invite-only app and available only on iOS. It has been described by users as a mixture of networking opportunities, live podcasts and panel discussions. You use the app to listen to and participate in different conversations about various topics. In some instances, celebrities will also join the discussions.

Is Clubhouse popular?

Clubhouse currently has more or less 2 million weekly active users according to Paul Davison, the CEO of Clubhouse. Clubhouse is an exclusive invite-only app that is only available on iOS. This exclusivity is part of the draw and popularity of Clubhouse. After all, people love to be part of something that is exclusive. One woman reported that she spends more than 40 hours a week on the app, while other users have tweeted that they spend about 11-22 hours per week on Clubhouse.

Who is Sheel Mohnot?

Sheel Mohnot is the founder of Better Tomorrow Ventures and a regular participant in "Back of the Bus", an after-hours room on Clubhouse. He was also a contestant on Zoom Bachelorette, an online dating event where fans hosted a live discussion party about it on Clubhouse. After connecting with Scooter Braun, a record executive, he also featured in music videos from Ariana Grande and Justin Bieber.

Can anyone create a club on Clubhouse?

If you have received an invite to join Clubhouse, you can also create your own club (an interest-based group). Though, at this moment, each user may only create two clubs max. This is to prevent that users get involved in too many different activities as club founders are also expected to host recurring club conversations. Clubhouse also plans to offer self-serve clubs in the future. Till then, users who want to create their own clubs must wait for Clubhouse to review and approve their requests.

How can you get an invite for Clubhouse?

If you do not have an invite for Clubhouse, you can still reserve your Clubhouse username and add yourself to their waiting list. Alternatively, if you have a friend that is already on Clubhouse, you can ask him/her to send you an invitation. After you have been accepted to Clubhouse, you will also be able to invite other people.

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Clubhouse Statistics: Revenue, Users and More (Updated Feb 2021)

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Clubhouse is an audio-based social media platform that's currently invite-only and available only on iOS. You can use the app to listen in on and participate in different conversations on different topics-sometimes with celebrities like Oprah, Kevin Hart, Jared Leto, and others.

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The Super Bowl provides a unique opportunity for brands to get their message out to a mass audience. Between three Super Bowl commercials and the sponsorship of a portion of the halftime show, Fiat Chrysler demonstrated that they aim to make a splash in the US market this year.

Alfa Romeo has never been a popular brand in the US, and sales of the cars were discontinued completely in North America between 1995 and 2008. With only 516 vehicles sold in the US last year, the Super Bowl campaign was used as a re-introduction of the Alfa Romeo brand to America.

To determine the impact of Fiat Chrysler's messaging, we examined online users who looked up Alfa Romeo vehicles across leading third party automotive sites during both the six days prior and the six days after the Super Bowl. We used machine learning algorithms developed by our Data Science team to assess the demographic and psychographic makeup of Alfa Romeo's shoppers to see if there was shifting engagement following the game.

When looking at high-level demographics we found that Alfa Romeo shoppers skew toward affluent males. Men composed 67% of Alfa Romeo shoppers following the Super Bowl and shoppers were between 20-40% more likely than the average online user to make $75K or more. With the cheapest Alfa Romeo model priced near $40K, these results probably won't surprise anyone. To fully understand the impact of Alfa Romeo's Super Bowl advertising though, we needed to analyze what customers value in their cars as well.

In one of the Super Bowl commercial spots, we saw the Alfa Romeo Giulia zipping around tight curves, while the narrator emphasized the car's design and performance. The commercial ended with the tag line, "some cars take your breath away." The takeaway is that Alfa Romeo isn't positioning the Giulia as a safe family-friendly car, but rather a vehicle for people who enjoy driving and appreciate well-crafted automobiles.

Alfa Romeo didn't need to spend millions on Super Bowl advertising to attract people who enjoy driving, as 61% of their shoppers valued "enjoying driving" before the Super Bowl and only slightly increased to 65% afterwards.

We saw a big impact, however, on many other automotive values and product attribute preferences. After the Super Bowl, Alfa Romeo shoppers significantly increased their desire for High Quality, Fun/Exciting, and the Best Looking vehicles. They also increasingly valued Enjoyment and Personal Freedom with their cars.

As Alfa Romeo shoppers became more concerned with having fun with their cars though, they also grew less concerned with safety.

It's important to note that not all of Alfa Romeo's messaging broke through with its target audience. While the "Riding Dragons" commercial emphasized pioneering design, the desire for innovative cars dropped from 29% of their shoppers deeming it to be important to them before the game to only 19% afterwards.

Although Alfa Romeo's Super Bowl campaign themes appeared to hit home with consumers overall, it's too soon to tell if this is the beginning of a new brand identity that will ultimately drive customers to showrooms across the country. A deep understanding of the values and motivations of Alfa Romeo's potential customers is a must for Fiat Chrysler in order to continue the momentum and ensure the successful re-launch of the brand in the US throughout the rest of the year.
Kevin Shea is Senior Manager, Analytics, Research at Resonate

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Did Fiat Chrysler's Super Bowl Campaign Connect with Its Target Audience?

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The Super Bowl provides a unique opportunity for brands to get their message out to a mass audience. Between three Super Bowl commercials and the sponsorship of a portion of the halftime show, Fiat Chrysler demonstrated that they aim to make a splash in the US market this year.

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Levels of Driving Automation

SAE International (formerly the Society of Automotive Engineers) has provided a framework to discuss advanced and automated vehicle technology and facilitate understanding of this technology in its J3016 standard, Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to On-Road Motor Vehicle Automated Driving Systems. This standard describes six levels of automation, ranging from level 0 (momentary assistance) to level 5 (full automation). As the levels increase from 0 to 5, the amount of automation increases, and the role and control of the driver decrease. The levels are further grouped such that levels 0-2 are considered driver-support features, whereby the driver must be attentive and engaged in driving at all times even though the vehicle's automated features may intervene or support the driving task; and levels 3-5 specify various conditions under which the vehicle is automated, and the driver does not have a role in the driving task when these features are engaged.

Features of levels. Specifically, as can be seen in Figure 1, level 0 includes features like automatic emergency braking (AEB) and blind spot detection (BSD), while lane centering assist (LCA) and adaptive cruise control (ACC) can be ascribed (individually) to level 1.

The most advanced technologies currently on the general market are level 2; an example is the concurrent operation of LCA and ACC, which, together, maintain the vehicle's position on the roadway and relative to other vehicles, under certain circumstances. However, to ensure the safe operation of the vehicle, the driver must continue to monitor the driving environment.

Level 3 systems, which are described as full automation under specific conditions, are not available on the mainstream market yet; however, several systems have been announced for upcoming market deployment. One of the key considerations in a level 3 system is that the system and the driver have to hand off control of the vehicle to each other at particular times. Therefore, even when the vehicle automation is enabled, a driver must remain attentive to be able to promptly regain awareness of the environment and take control of the driving task.

Moving up the scale, levels 4 and 5 represent full automation of the driving task and do not require the driver to take over the driving task. In practical terms, the primary difference in these upper levels lies in the fact that the vehicle occupant does not have to remain engaged in the driving task. Level 4 provides for full automation only under certain driving conditions or in certain specified geographic areas, and level 5 provides for full automation under all driving conditions. Levels 4 and 5 systems currently are being tested, some on public roadways, but time to market for these systems is still uncertain. See Figure 1 on page 19, which is a graphic depicting the six levels of driving automation.

Incident investigations: technology concerns. Most of the automated technology at issue in current incident investigations of equipped (or nonequipped) vehicles would be categorized as ADAS (i.e., SAE levels 0-2). In considering incidents involving these technologies, a few technology-specific questions become immediately relevant:

1. Should the vehicle at issue have been equipped with a given advanced driver-assistance system?

2. Was a better technology available?

3. Did the technology function as intended?

4. How did the design and specific parameters of the technology effectively interact with the user?

5. What information was provided to the user with respect to the capabilities and limitations of the technology?

The technical and scientific concepts related to these questions highlight opportunities and challenges for incident investigators, regulators, and insurers, as well as system designers as they work on the development and deployment of these technologies while protecting consumers.

Technology Development and Deployment

ADAS. While levels 4 and 5 vehicles are still in the development phase when it comes to direct consumer access, ADAS technologies (levels 0-2) have been present and growing in the U.S. fleet since the early 2000s (SAE level 3 systems are in the process of being introduced on select vehicles and are available in limited numbers in certain international markets).

ADAS include a variety of systems, which range from providing collision warnings to drivers to actively assisting drivers in the driving task through, for example, LCA or AEB. Individual ADAS generally are designed to support one specific aspect of the driving task and in general cannot (1) completely substitute for the driver, (2) operate in all environmental conditions, or (3) be 100 percent effective 100 percent of the time.

In 2006, Acura's Collision Mitigation Braking System (CMBS) and Mercedes-Benz's Brake Assist BAS Plus on its flagship S-Class model were the first radar-based systems capable of providing automatic braking. In the 2006-2008 time frame, other vehicle manufacturers followed suit with similar systems on their higher-end vehicles.

S curve. While more and more vehicles are being equipped with ADAS, such technology has not been deployed yet on every vehicle being produced and sold. This is not surprising as new technology deployment typically follows an S curve of market penetration, as seen in Figure 2 below. Historically, the first 10 to 15 years after a technology's introduction are characterized by a low-volume deployment rate (the flat part of the curve), followed by an increase in the deployment rate as the technology matures, and often taking another five to 10 years to reach the high-volume deployment rate on the top, or right, end of the S.

The shape of the S curve is defined by, among other things, the following:

Capital investment and engineering resources,

Technological breakthroughs and intellectual property (IP) considerations,

Maturity of manufacturing processes,

Design, production, and durability validation testing,

Vehicle refresh and redesign cycles,

Supplier capacity,

Consumer acceptance and affordability, and

Voluntary or mandatory standards.

NHTSA and deployment rates. When the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) promulgates rulemakings (e.g., Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards), it expends considerable effort understanding and accounting for the deployment rate of a technology in its analyses.

For the CAFE rulemakings, emerging technologies are assumed to penetrate the market only in the single-digit percentage growth rate range per year; and even mature technologies, which are in the maximum growth rate regime of the S curve, are assumed to penetrate the market at growth rates of only 10 percent to 20 percent per year. The time horizon for the entire process of a technology becoming standard equipment on all vehicles produced can be 15 to 30 years. Furthermore, when considering the entire fleet, historical data suggests that it can, and does, take many decades for a technology to be present on nearly every vehicle on the road.

User Trust and Acceptance

As vehicle manufacturers, suppliers, and technology developers bring ADAS and automated technologies to market, in addition to working within the frameworks provided by federal, state, and local authorities, care must be taken to consider how consumers will accept and use these systems. Regardless of how the technology functions, for any of these systems to have the desired effects that they often advertise, the ADAS-equipped vehicles must get into the hands of drivers, and the systems must be used by the drivers. For this to occur, consumers must be able to afford, perceive the benefits of, and ultimately use ADAS technologies.

Affordability. Affordability is one of the forces that drives newer technologies' debut in higher-end luxury makes and models because these vehicles and their prospective owners are more likely to bear the cost of new and expensive technology. Referring to the S curve mentioned above, an increase in market penetration of ADAS technology typically occurs as the technology enters a mature stage with associated lower production costs.

Trust. As these vehicles get into the hands of more users and the technology continues to mature and proliferate, the success of these systems' emergence also will be influenced by how the users trust the technology. Research on trust in automation has shown that an unreliable system can cause the user to lose trust and will be underutilized-and, thus, not effective due to nonuse. At worst, the user will disable the system entirely. Conversely, when a system performs reliably and is accepted by the user, trust (and use) can be facilitated. One study comparing drivers' reactions to adaptive cruise control systems with varying levels of reliability showed that trust grew over time for drivers exposed to a 100 percent reliable system. With the knowledge that trust of the technology is integral, and that even infrequent violations of that trust can have a lasting effect on users' feelings toward automated systems, consideration of these issues will go a long way to ensuring that ADAS will be integrated successfully into the automotive marketplace and become common equipment on larger portions of the automotive fleet.

The "truth table" (Table 1) on this page summarizes performance outcomes from alerts provided by ADAS devices.

Usage. Though the literature shows mixed driver responses to false alarms and nuisance alerts, either of these can affect driver behavior, performance, and acceptance of ADAS. For example, one study showed that false alerts resulted in longer brake reaction times immediately following a previous false or missing alert, and that drivers tended to brake for false alarms when they were timed to provide a relatively longer time-to-collision. False alerts or alarms therefore can induce carryover effects from previous experiences such that experience with an alert can change behaviors and responses to subsequent alerts.

Consumer Education

Another aspect of the driver-ADAS interaction that will be critical to evaluate in order to understand the potential effectiveness of a given technology is the information available with respect to the systems' capabilities and limitations and how that information is communicated to the driver. Specifically, consumers' understanding of what the technology can do, and what it cannot do, will directly affect proper use and potential misuse. For example, certain forward collision mitigation systems are programmed to identify stopped cars in the vehicle's path of travel but may not alert drivers to a different object or shape in their path. Similarly, systems that rely on video processing to identify objects, roadway features, and hazards may not function as well in situations with limited optical ability (e.g., darkness, fog, rain, snow, etc.).

Lack of understanding. That users have difficulty understanding the capabilities and limitations of new technology is not new. In fact, in the early years of anti-lock braking systems (ABS), nearly 50 percent of complaints about ABS were related to occurrences in which the system was functioning as intended. The complaints were due to the users not understanding how the system worked.

Greater automation: higher stakes. This issue becomes even more critical with higher levels of vehicle automation, as the human driver's role shifts toward having less responsibility for monitoring the external environment and actively controlling the vehicle and more responsibility for supervising the automation. In such situations, a lack of understanding of how the system operates can lead to incorrect assumptions about the system's abilities, confuse the driver, and even contribute to crashes. For example, suppose a vehicle equipped with both ACC and LCA systems is operating on a two-lane highway (i.e., both longitudinal and lateral control is being accomplished by the vehicle). The vehicle approaches a work zone in which the highway quickly narrows to one lane. Without a clear understanding of how the vehicle will behave in such a situation, the driver might (1) assume that the system can properly sense the situation and handle the lane shift-and face the possibility of a crash if it does not; or (2) seize control of the vehicle and initiate a manual lane shift without having the time to check and see if any vehicles are nearby. In both situations, a mismatch between the system's capabilities and the driver's understanding of those capabilities creates a potentially unsafe situation.

Expectations-operation match. In general, greater levels of understanding of what the system can do and how it will operate in different situations are achieved when the driver's expectations of and experience with the technology are aligned with its actual operation and capabilities. Such operational consistency is crucial in the development of an accurate understanding of how advanced vehicle technology works. In the case of ACC technology, one study notes that the utility of the automation is a function of not only the driver's understanding of the vehicle-environment interaction but also the driver's understanding of the automation. When the ACC system behaves in a manner consistent with that of a reasonable driver, the driver's understanding of the system will be supported, and the driver will be more likely to intervene when needed.

Benefits of education. There are many benefits associated with helping drivers develop an accurate understanding of how ADAS technologies operate. For example, research in a variety of domains has identified that having a functionally accurate understanding of an automated system is a central aspect in reaching a desired level of expertise with the system, improving users' level of trust in the system, and improving users' ability to identify errors in the system's operation. As detailed above, all of these traits generally lead to more use, more proper use, and better performance with automated technology and would do the same for ADAS.

Incident Investigations and Advanced Vehicle Technologies

In the context of the issues and scientific principles mentioned above, it is clear that the investigation into (and corresponding evaluation of) the potential effectiveness of an ADAS-equipped or ADAS-nonequipped vehicle with respect to an individual incident (or series of incidents) is not as simple as a binary presence-or-absence discussion. This section discusses some of the aspects that will be critical for investigators to consider when dealing with incidents either involving ADAS and automated vehicle technology or involving claims that involved vehicles should have had ADAS or automated vehicle technology.

Data. Higher levels of automation not only will provide crash investigators with novel and nuanced situations to evaluate but also will provide new forms of data to assist in understanding an incident. For example, traditional accident-reconstruction methodologies will benefit from an enriched data set coming from the various sensor suites and data recorders that feed the ADAS and automated technologies.

With respect to available postincident data, the evolution of event data recorders (EDRs) and data loggers will provide useful information to accident-reconstruction specialists in determining precrash and postcrash maneuvers and movements even in the absence of physical evidence left on the roadway. The Code of Federal Regulations specifies current EDR requirements (if a vehicle is so equipped), including the data elements that have to be recorded before the triggering event (i.e., the crash). 23 Currently, vehicles equipped with an EDR are required to record indicated vehicle speed, accelerator pedal position, and service brake application up to five seconds before the triggering event. SAE International's J1698/1_201805 standard provides a recommended practice, detailing common data output formats and definitions for additional data elements that may be useful for analyzing vehicle crash and crash-like events that meet specified trigger criteria. ²⁴ These additional data elements include information on ADAS status and activation that can support the reconstruction of precrash events. Furthermore, SAE International's EDR committee currently is working on a recommended practice for an ADS (automated driving systems) Data Logger. The draft recommended practice specifies that

[t]he data elements defined in this document are unique to ADS and provide additional background of the events leading up to a collision in the absence of an eye-witness account. The camera(s), LiDAR(s), and other sensor data will provide this eye-witness record.

The data stored in the ADS Data Logger, in conjunction with the data stored in the EDR, will help accident-reconstruction experts in painting a picture of what happened in the moments leading to a crash (or near-crash), even in the absence of eyewitness and physical evidence.

Human factors. From the perspective of a human factors investigator, the precollision information gleaned from all of the new sources of data in ADAS-equipped vehicles will provide insight into driver behavior that all too often is elusive in current incident investigations. However, for all of the reasons detailed in this article (e.g., consumer understanding, trust in automation, expectation of system performance, false and nuisance alarms, etc.), crashes involving ADAS-equipped vehicles will necessitate an expanded focus on the driver-vehicle interaction. The complex interaction between the driver and level 0-3 systems and the performance of the vehicle for level 0-5 systems will require an expansion and evolution of existing methodologies that examine the role of the perceptual, cognitive, and motor functions of the humans involved in crashes.

In addition to looking at the general behavior of the driver in investigations of incidents involving ADAS-equipped vehicles, human factors investigators also must consider the aspects of the technology and its interaction with the driver. ADAS technologies rely on core human factors principles but necessarily create novel driver-vehicle interactions. As an example, imagine a scenario where a forward collision warning occurs, followed by possible activation of AEB without driver intervention. First, the driver will need to identify and understand the warning signal and then decide how or if to respond to it. Possible responses include beginning to search for what set off the warning (i.e., look for the hazard) or to brake or steer. Each of these responses will take time. Our research suggests that many drivers are able to use a forward collision warning to react to a conspicuous hazard (i.e., vehicle target) in their path and avoid a collision. Other studies have shown that for inattentive or distracted drivers, it can take a minimum of two to three seconds to acknowledge that action needs to be taken in response to a warning. There are many other variables, such as driver expectations, that may affect the takeover time. When a driver has lost situational awareness or is "out of the loop," it can be quite difficult for that individual to respond to sudden emergencies or warnings. While the specific interaction between a human and ADAS is nuanced and situation dependent, one aspect that is clear is that the argument about the effectiveness of these technologies is far more complicated than simply their presence or absence.

Conclusion

Although still in small numbers, ADAS and automated vehicle technologies are here, and all predictions indicate that they will increase in proliferation and complexity in the upcoming years. However, it still will be some time before most vehicles on the road will be equipped with some form of an advanced automated technology. Until a point where all (or at least most) vehicles are automated, the safety and mobility benefits of these systems will not be realized fully. With time, though, a reduction in crashes and incidents is expected.

Regardless, with the increasing complexity of vehicle technology and the corresponding driver-vehicle interactions, multidisciplinary teams of experts from fields including, but not limited to, vehicle accident reconstruction, automotive engineering, human factors, biomechanics, and computer science will be needed to investigate incidents involving ADAS and automated vehicles. In performing these investigations, it is inappropriate simply to assume that the presence of a given technology could have avoided (or even significantly mitigated) a collision (or, conversely, that its presence negatively influenced the outcome). For all of the reasons discussed in this article, careful and detailed investigation must be used to understand what technologies reasonably could have been expected to be available (or not available), the capabilities and limitations of the advanced technologies, and how the driver may have interacted with the technologies. The rapidly changing landscape of vehicle technology and automation and consumers' understanding of the technologies also mean that each incident and each technology must be evaluated and investigated independently.

Notes

1. NHTSA-IIHS Announcement on AEB, NHTSA.gov (Dec. 21, 2017), www.nhtsa.gov/press-releases/nhtsa-iihs-announcement-aeb.

6. John L. Campbell, Christian M. Richard, James L. Brown & Marvin McCallum, Nat'l Highway Traffic Safety Admin., DOT HS 810 697, Crash Warning System Interfaces: Human Factors Insights and Lessons Learned 2-10 (2007); John L. Campbell et al., Nat'l Highway Traffic Safety Admin., DOT HS 812 360, Human Factors Design Guidance for Driver-Vehicle Interfaces 4-2 (2016).

8. James R. Sayer et al., Nat'l Highway Traffic Safety Admin., Integrated Vehicle-Based Safety Systems: Light-Vehicle Field Operational Test Key Findings Report 3, 5 (2011).

10. Emily Nodine, Andy Lam, Scott Stevens, Michael Razo & Wassim Najm, Nat'l Highway Traffic Safety Admin., DOT HS 811 516, Integrated Vehicle-Based Safety Systems (IVBSS): Light Vehicle Field Operational Test Independent Evaluation 58 (2011).

13. Deborah A. Collard & Nigel L. Mortimer, A Survey of Canadian Drivers' Knowledge About and Experience with Anti-Lock Brakes, in Proceedings: Int'l Technical Conf. on Enhanced Safety of Vehicles 422-27 (Nat'l Highway Traffic Safety Admin. 1998); Allan F. Williams & JoAnn K. Wells, Driver Experience with Antilock Brake Systems, 26(6) Accident Analysis & Prevention807-11 (1994).

14. Christian Hoyos, Benjamin D. Lester, Caroline Crump, David M. Cades & Doug Young, Consumer Perceptions, Understanding, and Expectations of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Vehicle Automation, in 62(1) Proceedings of the Hum. Factors & Ergonomics Soc'y Ann. Meeting 1888-92 (SAGE Publ'ns Sept. 2018).

16. Michael A. Goodrich, Erwin R. Boer & Hideaki Inoue, A Model of Human Brake Initiation Behavior with Implications for ACC Design, Proceedings 199 IEE/IEEJ/JASI Int'l Conf. on Intelligent Transp. Sys. 86, 90 (1999).

18. Michael A. Goodrich & Erwin R. Boer, Model-Based Human-Centered Task Automation: A Case Study in ACC System Design,33(3) IEEE Transactions on Sys., Man, & Cybernetics-Part A: Sys. & Hums. 325, 328 (2003).

20. Richard E. Redding, John R. Cannon & Thomas L. Seamster, Expertise in Air Traffic Control (ATC): What Is It, and How Can We Train for It?, 36 Proceedings Hum. Factors & Ergonomics Soc'y1326, 1327 (1992).

22. Bart D. Wilkison, Effects of Mental Model Quality on Collaborative System Performance 45 (2008) (master's thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology).

23. Event Data Recorders, 49 C.F.R. § 563 (2011).

24. SAE Int'l, SAE Standard J1698, Event Data Recorder: Output Data Definition (rev. May 2018).

25. SAE Int'l, SAE Standard J3197 (WIP), ADS Data Logger 1 (Jan. 2012).

26. David Krauss, Forensic Aspects of Driver Perception and Response 233, 236-37 (Lawyers & Judges Publishing Co. 4th ed. 2015).

28. Martin P. Langham & Nicholas J. Moberly, Pedestrian Conspicuity Research: A Review, 46(4) Ergonomics 345, 358 (2003); Thomas J. Triggs & Walter G. Harris, Reaction Time of Drivers to Road Stimuli 1, 45 (June 1982) (Human Factors Report No. HFR-12).

31. Caroline Crump, David Cades, Robert Rauschenberger, Emily Hildebrand, Jeremy Schwark, Brandon Barakat & Douglas Young, Driver Reactions in a Vehicle with Collision Warning and Mitigation Technology,59(1) Proceedings Hum. Factors & Ergonomics Soc'y Ann. Meeting 1321, 1325 (2015).

32. Christian Gold, Daniel Damböck, Lutz Lorenz & Klaus Bengler, "Take Over!" How Long Does It Take to Get the Driver Back into the Loop?, 57(1) Proceedings Hum. Factors & Ergonomics Soc'y 57th Ann. Meeting 1938, 1940 (2013); David Miller, Annabel Sun, Mishel Johns, Hillary Ive, David Sirkin, Sudipto Aich & Wendy Ju, Distraction Becomes Engagement in Automated Driving, 59(1) Proceedings Hum. Factors & Ergonomics Soc'y Ann. Meeting 1676, 1678 (Sept. 2015); Jonas Radlmayr, Christian Gold, Lutz Lorenz, Mehdi Farid & Klaus Bengler, How Traffic Situations and Non-Driving Related Tasks Affect the Take-Over Quality in Highly Automated Driving, 58(1) Proceedings Hum. Factors & Ergonomics Soc'y Ann. Meeting 2063, 2065-66 (Sept. 2014).

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tort trial and insurance practice section

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Automated and Assistive Vehicle Technology: Opportunities and Challenges

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SAE International (formerly the Society of Automotive Engineers) has provided a framework to discuss advanced and automated vehicle technology and facilitate understanding of this technology in its J3016 standard, Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to On-Road Motor Vehicle Automated Driving Systems. This standard describes six levels of automation, ranging from level 0 (momentary assistance) to level 5 (full automation).

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In nearly any popular science fiction movie, the vehicles of the future can do wild and amazing things like flying or driving by themselves or projecting all manner of information on the windshields.

Autonomous driving and flying cares are currently under development by all automotive OEMS and now holographic augmented reality (AR) displays for windshields are as well with the release of new transparent displays during this week's CES 2020.

While these windshields hold great promise, offering passengers and drivers in-view content, Eric Abbruzzese, research director for augmented reality at ABI Research, said AR windshields - which completely replace traditional windshields in vehicles - are years off, but it is likely AR heads up displays (HUDs) for the automotive market are likely to gain traction in 2020 before going mainstream in the years that follow.

"There's a chance that AR HUDs leapfrog traditional HUDs and we see ubiquity in AR before traditional, especially with some of the efforts being seen today by the likes of Continental and Bosch on the AR front," Abbruzzese told Electronics360. "Expanding to full windshields, is a more forward-looking discussion, but most likely cost will be prohibitive for the majority of the market."

AR HUDs are centrally located in a vehicle and display a limited visual focus area. This enables manufacturers to not worry about new automotive regulations. By comparison, AR windshields use regular glass either as the display substrate itself or to span content across the full area of the windshield, which may require additional safety regulations.

These types of HUDs and windshields will almost exclusively be built into the vehicles, Abbruzzese said, as it would be a "nightmare end-to-end" to get goggles or eyewear approved by regulations not to mention the uncomfortable factor of wearing these devices inside a car.

"There's some interesting capabilities with headworn AR, that means it shouldn't be totally discounted (e.g. a "virtual" 360 camera view around the car that can pass through external cameras to the HMD and allow drivers to see through their vehicle), but again there's some significant barriers," Abbruzzese said.

AR windshields
At CES, Ceres Holographics launched a new transparent display prototype that brings holographic optical elements (HOE) to vehicle windshields.

The full-color, in-car transparent displays can be used for the front, side and rear car windows powered by Ceres' HOEs for optical power illuminated with projects using Texas Instruments' (TI) automotive digital micromirror devices (DMDs). The holograph elements with the TI digital light projector (DLP) chipset reduces the projector package in vehicles.

"The automotive industry is undergoing a massive paradigm shift towards electric and autonomous vehicles that's fundamentally altering the driving and passenger experience and fueling demand for low-cost, high-performance transparent display and AR-HUD systems," said Andy Travers, CEO of Ceres Holographics, in a statement.

Ceres' display prototype would offer several holographic optical elements such as entertainment, navigation, information and notifications in full view of a passenger or driver. Abbruzzese said that while these represent the added value and better visuals of AR windshields, initially AR HUDs will be used primarily for navigation and notifications with entertainment eventually taking shape when self-driving cars become more of a reality.

Another interactive mixed reality windshield on display at CES 2020 is from Futurus Technology. The AR windshield combines real-world environments and hazards with contextual information about a vehicle's status, performance and surroundings. Futurus was a CES Honoree Award winner for its prototype technology and is working with automotive giant BMW on a solution for its future vehicles. Futurus did not discuss details of its partnership with BMW other than it will involve a full windshield rather than a HUD.

Futurus' windshield uses two independent functions. One layer that allows drivers to detect potential hazards up to 50 m in the distance (like cyclists, pedestrians or other objects in the road). A second function is for passengers' entertainment such as TV shows, movies, music and social media without driver distraction.

"Vehicle manufacturers must adopt MR technology if they want to offer a truly safe yet immersive experience in the next generation of vehicles," said Uber Wu, chief scientist at Futurus. "The technology is the first step towards a smart windscreen that delivers personalized, interactive in-car entertainment, e-commerce and enhanced safety features, thanks to split-screen technology that doesn't distract the driver."

Another AR HUD was demonstrated at CES by Altia with a system that can automatically identify hazards, mark routes and distances, provide location-based information and more.

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Automotive holographic AR windshields move closer to reality at CES 2020

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In nearly any popular science fiction movie, the vehicles of the future can do wild and amazing things like flying or driving by themselves or projecting all manner of information on the windshields.

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Even if you don't keep a close eye on new developments in physics, you've probably heard of the renowned physicist Stephen Hawking. He prided himself on making his complex physical concepts accessible to the public and writing the bestseller, "A Brief History of Time."

And if you are a fan of Conan O'Brien, "The Simpsons" or "Star Trek," you might have seen him brandishing his cool wit during guest appearances on those shows.

Even if you are familiar with his academic work, however, there are many interesting facts you might not know about Hawking, stretching from his time at school and gradual development of disability to his opinions on the future of the human race.

Many find it surprising, for instance, that, despite his influential body of work, Hawking was never awarded the Nobel Prize. We'll talk about some of the remarkable distinctions he did receive, however.

Another interesting fact: Hawking was born on Jan. 8, 1942, which just happened to be the 300th anniversary of Galileo's death.

But this has just been the warm-up. Next, we'll delve into some fascinating and unexpected facts about Hawking, including some things about his profoundly inspirational story.

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10 Cool Things You Didn't Know About Stephen Hawking

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Even if you don't keep a close eye on new developments in physics, you've probably heard of the renowned physicist Stephen Hawking. He prided himself on making his complex physical concepts accessible to the public and writing the bestseller, "A Brief History of Time."

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In the field of special education, the terms "adaptive technology" and "assistive technology" are used interchangeably; however, Dr. Keller maintains that there is actually a distinction between the terms. Assistive technology, according to Dr. Keller, aims to make a person with a disability "more whole." It tries to "fix them" and make them normal.

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Post-War Boom in Modifying Cars for Vets with Disabilities

Due to polio and the first two world war, the early twenties century saw an increase in people with disabilities in the U.S. After World War II, car manufacturers Ford and General Motors began to modify vehicles for wounded veterans. Eventually, they would include civilians with disabilities, as well.

Senator Bob Dole was one of such wounded veterans. During combat, Senator Dole was injured from a gunshot wound. As a result of the injury, Dole was partially paralyzed on his left side and mostly paralyzed on his right. At some point, he was a spokesperson for the modification of the vehicles until the military put the kibosh on Dole endorsing the auto companies.

Those are just three examples of the people with disabilities who served as pioneers in creating adaptive technology for vehicles. Almost a hundred years later, we've come a long way. Not just in how society views people with disabilities, but how we strive for inclusivity and accessibility. Automotive companies are at the forefront of this change by including new adaptive technology and spearheading the modification inventions. Some of the most common assistive modifications available on the market today include:

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Due to polio and the first two world war, the early twenties century saw an increase in people with disabilities in the U.S. After World War II, car manufacturers Ford and General Motors began to modify vehicles for wounded veterans. Eventually, they would include civilians with disabilities, as well.

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add adaptive feature to the app - think of innovative way??

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add adaptive feature to the app - think of innovative way??

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Risk - use a risk business model for the "disabled" feature - go back into previous assignments

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Risk - use a risk business model for the "disabled" feature - go back into previous assignments

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But, to date, no major automotive manufacturer has ever mass-marketed a vehicle that’s accessible to people who use wheelchairs. To truly seize the future, this mistake must be swiftly corrected.

Addressing the needs of people with mobility disabilities is key to unlocking one of the most underserved markets for transportation. With every indicator suggesting that an aging baby boomer population will our ranks, Americans with mobility challenges present an enormous opportunity to fortify the future of the automotive industry for future decades.

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Saturday marks the opening of the 2019 NAIAS Detroit Auto Show, led by its presentation series on the future of the automobile, Automobili-D. Conference attendees can expect panels on innovations such as vehicle to infrastructure connectivity, urban mobility, smart cities, building a mobility workforce, ride sharing, cybersecurity and autonomous technologies.

The auto industry has always led by driving innovation -- Detroit is the center of that innovation, and this week more than ever the world is looking to Detroit for leadership.

As a member of the disability community, a wheelchair user, and the owner of a modified, wheelchair-accessible van, I am also looking to Detroit for leadership as they develop the vehicles of the future.

Vehicle design is commonly seen as the primary impediment to accessible transportation, including by the Department of Transportation in their Autonomous Vehicles 3.0 Guidance released October 2018. But, to date, no major automotive manufacturer has ever mass-marketed a vehicle that's accessible to people who use wheelchairs. To truly seize the future, this mistake must be swiftly corrected.

Addressing the needs of people with mobility disabilities is key to unlocking one of the most underserved markets for transportation. With every indicator suggesting that an aging baby boomer population will our ranks, Americans with mobility challenges present an enormous opportunity to fortify the future of the automotive industry for future decades.

Market analysts in both the private sector and government agencies project that technology will disrupt and revolutionize the traditional auto industry, and that mobility for an increasing senior population and disability community will play a huge role in shaping the winners and losers in the automotive space for decades to come. As an American, I sincerely hope that U.S. companies are not just part of that race -- but leaders of the pack.

I know that the incredibly talented designers and engineers working for automakers in Detroit are ready for this challenge. Some of the most creative minds in the world have found a home in the American automotive industry, and as the auto show begins this week, their work will be on full display.

I am excited to see the promising visions for the future of mobility that will be showcased at this year's NAIAS. I, and many other members of the disability community, are equally excited to work with visionary partners in the auto industry to address this challenge head-on, and to build a better, more inclusive future together.

Henry Claypool is a technology policy consultant at the American Association of People with Disabilities.

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Opinion: Disability must be considered in auto development

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Saturday marks the opening of the 2019 NAIAS Detroit Auto Show, led by its presentation series on the future of the automobile, Automobili-D. Conference attendees can expect panels on innovations such as vehicle to infrastructure connectivity, urban mobility, smart cities, building a mobility workforce, ride sharing, cybersecurity and autonomous technologies.

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Why Microsoft's self-driving car strategy will work

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Self-driving car startup Cruise has received more than $2 billion in a new round of investment from Microsoft, General Motors, Honda, and institutional investors, according to a joint statement by Cruise, its owner GM, and Microsoft on Tuesday. The investment will bring the valuation of Cruise to $30 billion and make Microsoft an official partner.

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Technology can help automotive companies transform into smart mobility services providers

Karl Benz and Henry Ford revolutionized transportation with the initial development and mass production of the automobile. Now, more than a century later, the automotive industry is poised to transform transportation again, with a push to develop connected, personalized and autonomous driving experiences, electric vehicles and new mobility business models from ride-sharing to ride-hailing and multimodal, smart transportation concepts.

This industry is expected to see significant growth, becoming a $6.6T industry by 2030, with disruptive business models accounting for 25 percent of all revenues, according to consulting firm, McKinsey & Company. From shared vehicle services to fully electric transportation, manufacturers are developing new products and services to enable large fleets offering mobility-as-a-service, which will increasingly replace individual car ownership. This involves modernizing the in-vehicle experience with productivity, entertainment, and personal assistants that are safe and secure, following users across different transport modes, adding value for businesses and consumers alike.

This transformation requires a data-driven mindset. The automotive sector generates vast amounts of data. However, companies aren't yet fully set up to turn it into relevant insights. Future success depends on the ability to identify and capture digital signals and evolve how the business approaches innovation. Through what we call a digital feedback loop, the entirety of the enterprise can be connected with relevant data- whether it is pertaining to relationship management with customers and partners, or engagement with employees, core product creation or enterprise operations- to drive continuous improvement in products and services, mobility companies must differentiate from their competition.

We support the industry with unlocking this enormous potential by providing intelligent cloud, edge, IoT and AI services and helping automotive companies build and extend their own digital capabilities.

To that end, this year, for the first time, Microsoft is joining Frankfurt Motor Show (IAA) and showcasing our approach to working with the automotive industry. We want to empower automotive organizations of all sizes to transform into smart mobility services providers.

Our automotive strategy is shaped by three key principles:

1. We partner across the industry. We are not in the business of making vehicles or delivering end mobility as a service offerings.

2. We believe data should be owned by our customers, as insights from data will become the new drivers of revenue for the auto industry. We do not monetize our customers' data.

3. We support automotive companies as they enhance and extend their unique brand experiences to expand their relationships with their customers.

We are focusing our customer engagements along with our extensive global partner network to support their success in the five following areas: connected vehicle solutions, autonomous driving development, smart mobility solutions, connected marketing, sales and service as well as intelligent manufacturing and supply chain.

Today, we are sharing updates about our approach and expansions to our partner ecosystem across these focus areas:

Empower connected vehicle solutions

The core of our connected vehicle efforts is the Microsoft Connected Vehicle Platform (MCVP). It combines advanced cloud and edge computing services with a strong partner network so automotive companies can build connected driving solutions that span from in-vehicle experiences and autonomous driving to prediction services and connectivity. In addition to our partnerships with Volkswagen and Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi Alliance, new partners are using MCVP to do more:

LG Electronics' webOS Autoplatform offers an in-vehicle, container-capable OS that brings the third party application ecosystem created for premium TVs to in-vehicle experiences. webOSAuto supports the container-based runtime environment of MCVP and can be an important part of modern experiences in the vehicle.

Faurecia is leveraging MCVP to create disruptive, connected and personalized services inside the Cockpit of the Future to reinvent the on-board experience for all occupants.

Cubic Telecom is a leading connectivity management software provider to the automotive and IoT industries globally. They are one of the first partners to bring seamless connectivity as a core service offering to MCVP for a global market. The deep integration with MCVP allows for a single data lake and an integrated services monitoring path.

Meet more partners in our MCVP blog.

Our customers are also looking to provide conversational assistants tailored to their brand and customer needs, and make them available across multiple devices and apps. The Microsoft Azure Virtual Assistant Solution Accelerator simplifies the creation of these assistants.

Accelerate autonomous driving function development

We empower car makers, suppliers and mobility services providers to accelerate their delivery of autonomous driving solutions that provide safe, comfortable and personalized driving experiences with a comprehensive set of cloud, edge, IoT and AI services and a partner-led open ecosystem that enables collaborative development across companies. We support companies of all sizes from large enterprises such as Audi, that are leveraging Microsoft Azure to create simulations using these large volumes of data, to small and medium sized businesses and start-ups.

Today, we are announcing Microsoft for Startups: Autonomous Driving, a program to accelerate the growth of start-ups working on autonomous driving and help them seize new business opportunities in areas such as delivery, ride-sharing and long haul transit. Learn more about our collaboration with start-ups like Linker Networks and Udelv in our start-up blog.

This year in the Microsoft booth at IAA, Bosch, FEV, Intempora and Applied Intuition are showcasing their autonomous driving solutions.

FEV is overcoming the central challenge to validating automated driving functions with a data management and assessment system developed in house, which uses Microsoft Azure.

Intempora has recently unveiled IVS, the Intempora Validation Suite, a new software toolchain for the test, training, benchmarking and the validation of ADAS (Advanced Driver and Assistance Systems) and HAD (Highly Automated Driving) algorithms.

Applied Intuition is equipping engineering and product development teams with software that makes it faster, safer, and easier to bring autonomy to market.

Enable creation of smart mobility solutions

Intelligent mapping and navigation services are critical to building smart mobility solutions. This is why Microsoft is partnering with companies like TomTom and Moovit.

TomTom is integrating their navigation intelligence services such as HD Maps and Traffic as containerized services for use in MCVP so that other in-vehicle services, including autonomous driving, can take advantage of the additional location context.

TomTom and Moovit are also partnering with Microsoft for a comprehensive multi-modal trip planner leveraging Azure Maps.

The urban mobility app Moovit using Azure Maps also helps people with disabilities ride transit with confidence. This project supports Microsoft's aim to make our latest technology accessible to everyone and foster inclusion and the use of our technology for the good so that every person on the planet can benefit from technological innovations.

Empower connected marketing, sales and services solutions

With Microsoft Business Applications, our automotive partners, suppliers, and retailers can develop new customer insights and create omnichannel customer experiences. With the Microsoft Automotive Accelerator, auto companies can schedule appointments and automotive services, facilitated through proactive communications.

At IAA, we're excited to have several partners onsite, including Annata, Adobe and Daimler:

Annata is leveraging our Automotive Accelerator to help automotive and equipment companies meet business challenges while taking advantages of new opportunities in the market.

Adobe and Microsoft's strategic partnership and integrations allow an end-to-end customer experience management solution for experience creation, marketing, advertising, analytics, and commerce.

Daimler launched eXtollo, the company's new cloud platform for big data and advanced analytics. The platform uses Azure Key Vault, a service that safeguards encryption keys and secrets, including certificates, connection strings and passwords.

Provide services to build an intelligent supply chain

Driving end-to-end digital transformation requires an integrated digital supply chain-from the factory and shop floor to end customer delivery. Microsoft works with Icertis, BMW, and others to build intelligent supply chain:

Icertis Contract Management natively runs on Microsoft Azure and seamlessly integrates with Office 365, Teams and Dynamics 365 so customers can extend the benefits from their Microsoft technology investments.

BMW and Microsoft continue to develop the Open Manufacturing Platform to enable industrial manufacturers to work together to break down data silos and overcome the challenges of complex, proprietary systems that slow down production optimization.

We are looking forward to meeting you at our Microsoft booth (Hall 5, C21) or at one of our IAA sessions. On your way to Frankfurt explore our Microsoft Connected Vehicle Platform microsite.

Tags: automotive

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Microsoft expands its automotive partner ecosystem to power the future of mobility - The Official Microsoft Blog

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Technology can help automotive companies transform into smart mobility services providers Karl Benz and Henry Ford revolutionized transportation with the initial development and mass production of the automobile. Now, more than a century later, the automotive industry is poised to transform transportation again, with a push to develop connected, personalized and autonomous driving experiences, electric...

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When it comes to marketing your products, you have a number of options. You can choose to go for e-commerce mass marketing - where you market your products to a large number of people. You can opt for e-commerce target marketing where you market your products to specific segments of customers. Or, you can use a combination of them both.

In this post, we're going to outline the three different strategies and help you come to a decision about the best way to market your products to guarantee the best results.

You'll learn:

1. The pros and cons of e-commerce mass marketing

2. The pros and cons of e-commerce target marketing

3. How to apply both approaches to your store.

Let's go!

What is e-commerce mass marketing?

Mass marketing is where you market your products to a wide range of audiences. Instead of focussing on one customer segment, you spread your marketing to accommodate everyone. For example, let's say you sold phone cases. You'd use the same marketing strategies and collateral to market to all your potential buyers.

Advantages of mass marketing

First, with mass marketing, you're able to reach a wider group of people by giving maximum exposure to your products.

Going back to our phone case examples, if you sold a range of animal-related phone cases, you could opt to market each animal case to a different group of people. Or, you could market all the phone cases to all people in a more generalized way.

Disadvantages of mass marketing

Although mass-marketing allows you to reach a wider number of people, it's not without its faults. For example, in some ways, it's not as cost-effective.

If you're running paid ads to drive traffic to your store, a wider, targeting a wide, general audience will actually cost you more than if you ran hyper-targeted ads to a specific customer segment.

Second, not all customers are treated equally. Each type of customer you deal with will have different needs and be at a different stage in their buying process. By mass-marketing, you run the risk of not addressing specific customers' needs. What's more, it becomes increasingly more difficult to measure the effectiveness of your campaigns. If you're marketing to a mass audience, how do you know which type of customers are most lucrative to you?

Third, you'll be required to use a lot of manpower and often suffer from lower profit margins. When you conduct mass-marketing, you never get to know your potential customers on a granular level. Instead, you know top-level information about them. Because of this, you'll have to spend a lot of money and time to attract all types of people with the same marketing messaging.

What is e-commerce target marketing?

E-commerce target marketing involves marketing your products to a specific customer segment. Going back to our phone case example, you might decide to create separate marketing campaigns to sell specific phones. You could create a campaign that targeted people who look for a case that keeps their phone safe. Or, you might target people who look for an aesthetically pleasing case.

As you can imagine, the marketing campaigns and messaging for both types of people would be wildly different.

Advantages of target marketing

Because you're naturally targeting a smaller group of people, e-commerce target marketing is actually cheaper and more affordable than mass-marketing. If you're running paid ads as part of your traffic strategy, segmenting your customers will make your ads cheaper and easier to scale. You'll have a clearer idea of what works and what doesn't work and be able to change your ad copy, targeting or budget in accordance with that.

The biggest benefit of target marketing, though, is the relationship you can build with your customer. When your marketing message is custom made for each type of customer, it's much easier to build a loyal, returning customer base than if you opt for general messaging.

This is something DTC e-commerce businesses understand well. By aligning your potential customers' vision with your own product messaging, you're able to foster customer loyalty.

Second, because you've targeted your products to specific people, you're able to make informed decisions about product upgrades and improvements. You have a direct conversation line with your target audience giving you the chance to find out what changes or improvements they'd like to see from your products. If you do this on a mass level, you're likely to run into conflicting ideas.

Disadvantages of target marketing

Upon first look at this strategy, it does seem like target marketing is the way forward. But, there are some considerations you need to take before implementing.

First, understand that it takes time to see results. You're working with a smaller pool of people, so if you're looking for mass-sales, this marketing approach might not be the one for you.

Second, you need to spend time learning about your target audience to decide what message will resonate well with them.

In our phone case example, when mass marketing you can simply use language similar to:

1. You need a phone case.

2. We have a wide range of phone cases for you to try.

But if you're marketing to specific target groups (say, our safe-case example), you need to think about the exact type of messaging that would resonate with them and encourage them to check our your website and actually make a purchase.

Wrapping it up: how to apply both to your store

When it comes to implementing either target marketing or mass marketing to your store, you need to decide which will give you the biggest benefits.

Follow these steps to find out which one would work best for your store.

1. Does your product target a general audience or a specific group of people?

2. Can you break down different products to suit different preferences?

3. Does your current marketing message appeal directly to the stage your potential customers are at?

Answering these three questions will give you a clear idea about how your products are currently targeted and how your messaging resonates with that. Then, you'll be able to decide whether or not you need to change your messaging or update the specific customers your targeting.

Do you opt for mass-marketing or target marketing within your e-commerce store? Leave a comment below.

e-commerce marketing

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E-commerce Mass Marketing vs Target Marketing: Which Fares Best?

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When it comes to marketing your products, you have a number of options. You can choose to go for e-commerce mass marketing - where you market your products to a large number of people. You can opt for e-commerce target marketing where you market your products to specific segments of customers.

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Previously published in Plastics Engineering and posted with permission from the Society of Plastics Engineers.
Over the past few decades, our cars and trucks have transformed into technological marvels, becoming safer, cooler, and more exciting to drive, while improving fuel efficiency and sustainability.

During this march of innovation, it may not have been so noticeable that the use of plastics has skyrocketed. Today's cars are comprised of about 50 percent plastics by volume. (Look around the next time you're in a car. Most everything you can touch is made with plastics.) BUT because plastics are typically lighter than other materials, plastics comprise only ten percent of today's cars by weight.

Why is this important? Listen to Ford: "Few innovations provide a more wide-ranging performance and efficiency advantage than reducing weight. All factors of a vehicle's capabilities-acceleration, handling, braking, safety, efficiency-can improve through the use of advanced, lighter materials."

Those "advanced" materials-such as plastics and polymer composites, carbon fiber-reinforced plastics, 3-D printed plastic parts, even plastic parts made from carbon dioxide-are enabling remarkable improvements in safety, design, and performance and may usher in a whole new era in vehicle manufacturing and sustainability.

Here's a quick look at some interesting developments and future plans that point to this new era...

3-D Printed Cars

Some automakers foresee the potential to use 3-D printing to create cars in widely distributed, smaller manufacturing facilities, using far fewer parts. And some point to a future of rapid customization and personalization of cars: going from unique design, computer modeling, to building (printing) in days, not years. This new manufacturing model may also lead to further improvements in sustainability.

While mainstream automakers already use 3-D printing for rapid prototyping to help bring cars to market faster, the race is on to build 3-D printed cars that meet both government safety standards and consumer performance expectations. Two approaches highlight this potential pathway...

To build its car chassis, Divergent3D starts with 3-D printed metal "nodes" that connect to carbon fiber-reinforced plastic structural rods in a process that looks sort of like assembling Tinker Toys. The company claims it has "tested the strength and durability of the chassis, and it is even stronger than current technology." Additional parts also are 3-D printed and can be assembled in thirty minutes.

The body of Divergent3D's protoytype, the Blade Supercar, is made of a plastic composite material, but the company says: "Since the body is not structural, it could be made from virtually anything - even spandex." The car weighs less than 1,400 pounds and goes from zero to 60 in about 2.5 seconds.

Divergent3D envisions various companies using its technology in widely distributed micro factories that can rapidly create customized cars. The company claims that such manufacturing would radically reduce the environmental footprint of auto making.

Local Motors was the first to 3-D print an electric car, called Strati, which is made with carbon fiber-reinforced plastics. The process of 3-D printing the Strati is quite efficient-it takes only a couple days to print the body of the vehicle, which is manufactured as one large piece.

The entire car is made up of only 50 or so parts. Considering that traditionally manufactured cars can contain tens of thousands of painstakingly assembled parts, this points to great potential for improved efficiency, cost savings, and convenience in auto manufacturing. Local Motors is developing additional vehicles, including the OLLI public transport vehicle (see below).

Mainstream automakers are taking notice of these manufacturing advances. For example, in March 2017 Ford announced testing of large-scale 3-D printing for potential application in future production vehicles and personalized car parts. Ford noted that printed auto parts can be lighter than traditionally manufactured parts, which can help improve fuel efficiency. Ford: "A 3D-printed spoiler, for instance, may weigh less than half its cast metal counterpart."

OLLI

OLLI is a self-driving electric vehicle built with 3-D printing technology used on public roads in the Washington, DC, area. The composite material used for the vehicle is 80 percent acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastic and 20 percent carbon fiber.

OLLI seats multiple people for a ride sharing experience that integrates the advanced cognitive computing capabilities of IBM Watson. Riders hop in and ask for recommendations for dinner or a sightseeing spot and then sit back and relax as OLLI takes them there. In addition to being lightweight and efficiently powered, many parts can be recycled at the end of OLLI's lifespan-which means OLLI could represent the future of eco-friendly public transit.

Spira

Three-wheeled "cars" are nothing new... but manufacturing them predominantly with plastics is fairly new.

Spira is a three-wheeled vehicle made mostly of a tough honeycomb fiberglass, ABS plastic, and a thick protective layer of polypropylene plastic foam. The manufacturer says the design offers improved safety for the driver plus pedestrians and motorcyclists, who make up a large proportion of vehicle deaths, especially in developing countries.

In San Diego, a Spira was struck by a hit and run driver. The Spira and driver rolled four times after the crash-both were just scratched up but fine. The company CEO brings that roughed up Spira to auto shows to demonstrate its resilience.

The Spira is now available on a limited basis, but the CEO see tremendous opportunities for use as delivery and autonomous vehicles and in developing countries. It's lightweight, significantly less expensive than typical cars, powered by an electric motor, and licensed and insured as a motorcycle. At the San Diego Auto Show, the CEO told Plastics Make it Possible that the company is developing a similarly built four-wheeled car.

While the future of such a radically redesigned vehicle is uncertain, it shines a light on the contribution of plastics to improved vehicle safety and sustainability.

Car Parts Made Out of Thin Air

Ford has announced plans to make auto parts using plastics made in part from captured carbon dioxide waste streams. Ford says the CO2 will be used as a feedstock to make foam plastics for use in seat cushions, seat backs, floor mats, and other components such as side paneling and consoles.

Ford researchers say they were inspired by plants that take in carbon dioxide and create complex sugars. In a similar vein, Ford is taking excess carbon dioxide and making durable plastics to use in vehicles. Even though it's not sugar, the researchers said: "We think it's pretty sweet."

Due to testing requirements and the time needed to scale up production, Ford researchers expect the new biomaterials will go into production vehicles within four years. The company plans to develop additional plastic materials using captured carbon to contribute to sustainability.

Future?

Of course, nobody can predict the future direction of vehicles, but these advances reaffirm the key role plastics play in today's cars, making them more fuel efficient, safer, more fun to drive, and reducing their environmental footprint. It's likely that plastics will continue to play that role for the foreseeable future.

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The Future of Our Vehicles: "Advanced, Lighter Materials"

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Previously published in Plastics Engineering and posted with permission from the Society of Plastics Engineers . Over the past few decades, our cars and trucks have transformed into technological marvels, becoming safer, cooler, and more exciting to drive, while improving fuel efficiency and sustainability.

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Refer to key driver - look into Padlet

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Summarise why you choice automotive industry and explain the North Star again.  and mention the driverless cars 

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Summarise why you choice automotive industry and explain the North Star again.  and mention the driverless cars 

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If you are a marketing manager needing to create a digital marketing plan or conduct an audit or review online communications, models provide a helpful flow as to what to include and to ensure nothing is missed.

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Pick 4.
Look back into Amazon workshop

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Using left side and right side of the brain 🧠
Look into Sean Donnelly presentation

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Purpose - The North Star and fiat brand core values

Positioning - competitors graph and the fiat 500 car compared to the rest and the reimagining current processes add on - do graphs

Partnerships -  Microsoft - campaign.
and Diolit - for the disabled technology access

Personalised - Experience of the current processes add ons for the customer and how they relate to social key trends for example Accentures key trends in the presentation- “empathy”

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PR - AI showroom events
Influencers - micro (short term) and macro (long term)

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Apps
Messaging optimism

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Club house 🏡 - look into
Instagram - relate to conversation marketing too

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S - Specific
M - Measurable
A - Attainable
R - Relevant
T - Time-bound

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How they relate to the automotive industry - put in presentation - nice layout.

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How they relate to the automotive industry - put in presentation - nice layout.

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We are meritocracy. (social system of good will/value).
Leadership is a function of leading change and leading people.
We embrace and cherish competition.
We aim to achieve best-in-class performance.
We deliver what we promise.

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Using the automotive key trends : AI, Human machine interface, blockchain and Autonomous vehicles - to reimagining current processes to increase Fiats customer engagement , profits and to include a disabled feature to some of the elements - highlighting a social trend "diversity" and "inclusivity". 

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Using the automotive key trends : AI, Human machine interface, blockchain and Autonomous vehicles - to reimagining current processes to increase Fiats customer engagement , profits and to include a disabled feature to some of the elements - highlighting a social trend "diversity" and "inclusivity". 

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Key driver

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Key driver

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Key driver

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Key driver.

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For fiat

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The first 2.5% of individuals in a system who adopt an innovation are called ‘innovators.’ They are the pioneers with the most courage to accept the innovation.

AI - all short, mid and long term fall into this category

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The last group is named ‘laggards.’ They are conservatives or vulnerable groups with the fewest resources, limited information and unstable incomes, or are isolated from the social support system. They fall behind due to the neglect of social system.

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Abstract

The acceptance for innovation by Rogers

The International Diabetes Federation estimated that there are approximately 415 million people with diabetes in 2015 worldwide, and this number is expected to increase to 642 million by 2040 1. Almost half of the people with diabetes remain undiagnosed and are from developing countries. Early interventions, such as screening or lifestyle regulation for diabetes at the asymptomatic stage, are effective preventive strategies for diabetes and its complications. However, the incidence and prevalence rates of diabetes are increasing worldwide, particularly in minority groups. Therefore, the traditional diabetes prevention model certainly has some limitations; innovative strategies should thus be developed for diabetes.

Diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory can provide a brief model to disseminate novel diabetes prevention strategies 2. DOI theory has been applied in different fields to understand how people translate new ideas, such as new treatment skills, disease knowledge or educational strategies, into real world applications. To improve effective outcomes by disseminating intervention strategies, DOI theory encourages the application of high‐technology media and mass media with rapid transmission characteristics to meet the demand of health needs, such as diabetes care.

Tracing back to the concept of this theory, 'diffusion of innovation' can be divided into two parts: innovation and diffusion. 'Innovation' refers to modern, novel ideas or thoughts; practices, products, services or devices useful to applicants; or novel programming advantageous to an individual or group. Innovation not only includes the adoption of novelty, but also involves the modification of the attitudes and behavior of individuals or groups. An innovation is neither objectivly identified by whether the new or old depends on the time, nor the invention of something first used. When groups or individuals subjectively accept or recognize something as 'new,' this constitutes innovation. 'Diffusion' is the process by which an innovation is communicated within a specific period. By sharing information through particular channels, individuals can disseminate innovativeness to their social networks to reach a certain level of consensus.

From ecological aspects, DOI theory is a macrolevel theory in which community‐level innovations are adopted to change a population's health behavior. In the other part, DOI theory aims to understand how an advantageous innovation can be rapidly disseminated or diffused. Diffusion of the innovation can occur through planned or occasional transmission. For example, multidisciplinary sharecare programs for people with diabetes are a type of planned promotion of information. For instance, a family‐based diabetes prevention strategy includes families, doctors, nurses, dieticians and physical therapists for the integration of healthcare services to ensure the quality of diabetes care 3. By analyzing the past experience and characteristics of adopters, and how related factors affect their decision‐making process regarding innovation adoption, we can evaluate their acceptance rate and satisfaction level or other unexpected consequences. In general, decision‐making by individuals is more rapid than that by an organization or a group. Therefore, to increase the acceptance rate, we should change the decision‐making type to focus on the opinion of society leaders first by using their authority to influence the innovation rate. For example, public health nurses and diabetes educators can persuade people in a community to undergo diabetes screening regularly, regulate their diet intake and engage in exercise. Early detection of asymptomatic hyperglycemia can ensure early treatment. Alternatively, health‐care professionals can motivate the public to accept a new lifestyle modification program to reduce the incidence of diabetes. The main objectives of innovative strategies are to not only provide knowledge, but ensure diffusion of the innovation and its acceptance by the population for a sustained long‐term effect.

According to Rogers 4, personal characteristics influence whether people adopt an innovation rapidly. Based on the innovativeness degree of the adopters' characteristics, adopters can be divided into five categories that follow an S‐curve (Figure 1). The first 2.5% of individuals in a system who adopt an innovation are called 'innovators.' They are the pioneers with the most courage to accept the innovation. The next 13.5%, called 'early adopters,' are the stakeholders in a social system and usually lead people to change. They seek information and advice from the pioneers, and their acceptance behavior is the most appropriate endorsement of innovators. The third group, named the 'early majority,' occupies the area between 1 standard deviation and the median under the curve; people in this group have higher alert and interests in new ideas, but adopt these ideas after others' successful experiences. They mainly learn from their close associates, and rely on personal communication channels to diffuse the innovation. They are more risk‐averse than early adopters, and they will take a longer time to evaluate all possibilities before accepting the innovation. The fourth group, named the 'late majority,' adopts the innovation after the left half of the population under the curve. They are usually more conservative, cautious and suspicious, even though the innovation has been safely tried by most of the early majority and early adopters. The main reasons for the delay in adoption are the uncertainties and caution caused by the limitation of resources or inadequate information. The last group is named 'laggards.' They are conservatives or vulnerable groups with the fewest resources, limited information and unstable incomes, or are isolated from the social support system. They fall behind due to the neglect of social system.

Rogers 4 considered adoption to be a complex psychosocial process. Therefore, the barriers to adoption processes should be considered. For example, even with evidence that healthy habits and environmental conditions majorly improve health, some patients still do not change their existing unhealthy habits to adopt a suggested lifestyle modification. This inability to change is a barrier of the adoption process. People have their own living environment in a social circumstance. Through daily social networking, they continually interact with others to exchange information, experiences and ideas; thus, frequent interaction leads to the dissemination of new ideas.

Adopters are empowered through self‐efficacy. Self‐efficacy refers to an individual's belief in his/her capacity to execute actions to achieve personal health goals. People with higher self‐efficacy show a higher motivation for personal change. Furthermore, Rogers 4 suggested that five factors influence whether an innovation will be successfully adopted and diffused from person to person: relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability and observability. Compared with traditional ideas, innovations should have advantages, such as cost‐effectiveness or time‐saving properties, and should be compatible with legacy knowledge, as well as lower complexity and easy testability and observability in usual life. Mass media and news events can be used to increase the visibility and prominence of innovations, or interpersonal communication can be used to disseminate innovations successfully in the society.

In recent decades, DOI theory has been widely applied to public health and medical care for achieving effective disease prevention. General physicians conventionally diagnose and treat diseases. In Australia, they were encouraged to become innovative health promoters within the model of continuity of care. With this DOI concept, the prevalence of tobacco use reduced from 40% in 1983 to 15.9% in 2010 5. With an increasing number of electronic tools, DOI will become much easier. In Canada, physicians, nurses and patients responded well to innovative diabetes education, and social mobilization contributed the most to successful diffusion of the innovation program 2.

In conclusion, DOI theory emphasizes applying social marketing techniques and social networking as communication channels to rapidly disseminate an innovation. Health professionals should not only provide conventional educational strategies, but also implement innovative strategies for diabetes care considering patients' needs.

Acknowledgment

This research was supported partly by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST‐104‐2314‐B‐002 ‐155).

Disclosure

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Abstract

The acceptance for innovation by Rogers

The International Diabetes Federation estimated that there are approximately 415 million people with diabetes in 2015 worldwide, and this number is expected to increase to 642 million by 2040 1. Almost half of the people with diabetes remain undiagnosed and are from developing countries. Early interventions, such as screening or lifestyle regulation for diabetes at the asymptomatic stage, are effective preventive strategies for diabetes and its complications. However, the incidence and prevalence rates of diabetes are increasing worldwide, particularly in minority groups. Therefore, the traditional diabetes prevention model certainly has some limitations; innovative strategies should thus be developed for diabetes.

Diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory can provide a brief model to disseminate novel diabetes prevention strategies 2. DOI theory has been applied in different fields to understand how people translate new ideas, such as new treatment skills, disease knowledge or educational strategies, into real world applications. To improve effective outcomes by disseminating intervention strategies, DOI theory encourages the application of high‐technology media and mass media with rapid transmission characteristics to meet the demand of health needs, such as diabetes care.

Tracing back to the concept of this theory, 'diffusion of innovation' can be divided into two parts: innovation and diffusion. 'Innovation' refers to modern, novel ideas or thoughts; practices, products, services or devices useful to applicants; or novel programming advantageous to an individual or group. Innovation not only includes the adoption of novelty, but also involves the modification of the attitudes and behavior of individuals or groups. An innovation is neither objectivly identified by whether the new or old depends on the time, nor the invention of something first used. When groups or individuals subjectively accept or recognize something as 'new,' this constitutes innovation. 'Diffusion' is the process by which an innovation is communicated within a specific period. By sharing information through particular channels, individuals can disseminate innovativeness to their social networks to reach a certain level of consensus.

From ecological aspects, DOI theory is a macrolevel theory in which community‐level innovations are adopted to change a population's health behavior. In the other part, DOI theory aims to understand how an advantageous innovation can be rapidly disseminated or diffused. Diffusion of the innovation can occur through planned or occasional transmission. For example, multidisciplinary sharecare programs for people with diabetes are a type of planned promotion of information. For instance, a family‐based diabetes prevention strategy includes families, doctors, nurses, dieticians and physical therapists for the integration of healthcare services to ensure the quality of diabetes care 3. By analyzing the past experience and characteristics of adopters, and how related factors affect their decision‐making process regarding innovation adoption, we can evaluate their acceptance rate and satisfaction level or other unexpected consequences. In general, decision‐making by individuals is more rapid than that by an organization or a group. Therefore, to increase the acceptance rate, we should change the decision‐making type to focus on the opinion of society leaders first by using their authority to influence the innovation rate. For example, public health nurses and diabetes educators can persuade people in a community to undergo diabetes screening regularly, regulate their diet intake and engage in exercise. Early detection of asymptomatic hyperglycemia can ensure early treatment. Alternatively, health‐care professionals can motivate the public to accept a new lifestyle modification program to reduce the incidence of diabetes. The main objectives of innovative strategies are to not only provide knowledge, but ensure diffusion of the innovation and its acceptance by the population for a sustained long‐term effect.

According to Rogers 4, personal characteristics influence whether people adopt an innovation rapidly. Based on the innovativeness degree of the adopters' characteristics, adopters can be divided into five categories that follow an S‐curve (Figure 1). The first 2.5% of individuals in a system who adopt an innovation are called 'innovators.' They are the pioneers with the most courage to accept the innovation. The next 13.5%, called 'early adopters,' are the stakeholders in a social system and usually lead people to change. They seek information and advice from the pioneers, and their acceptance behavior is the most appropriate endorsement of innovators. The third group, named the 'early majority,' occupies the area between 1 standard deviation and the median under the curve; people in this group have higher alert and interests in new ideas, but adopt these ideas after others' successful experiences. They mainly learn from their close associates, and rely on personal communication channels to diffuse the innovation. They are more risk‐averse than early adopters, and they will take a longer time to evaluate all possibilities before accepting the innovation. The fourth group, named the 'late majority,' adopts the innovation after the left half of the population under the curve. They are usually more conservative, cautious and suspicious, even though the innovation has been safely tried by most of the early majority and early adopters. The main reasons for the delay in adoption are the uncertainties and caution caused by the limitation of resources or inadequate information. The last group is named 'laggards.' They are conservatives or vulnerable groups with the fewest resources, limited information and unstable incomes, or are isolated from the social support system. They fall behind due to the neglect of social system.

Rogers 4 considered adoption to be a complex psychosocial process. Therefore, the barriers to adoption processes should be considered. For example, even with evidence that healthy habits and environmental conditions majorly improve health, some patients still do not change their existing unhealthy habits to adopt a suggested lifestyle modification. This inability to change is a barrier of the adoption process. People have their own living environment in a social circumstance. Through daily social networking, they continually interact with others to exchange information, experiences and ideas; thus, frequent interaction leads to the dissemination of new ideas.

Adopters are empowered through self‐efficacy. Self‐efficacy refers to an individual's belief in his/her capacity to execute actions to achieve personal health goals. People with higher self‐efficacy show a higher motivation for personal change. Furthermore, Rogers 4 suggested that five factors influence whether an innovation will be successfully adopted and diffused from person to person: relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability and observability. Compared with traditional ideas, innovations should have advantages, such as cost‐effectiveness or time‐saving properties, and should be compatible with legacy knowledge, as well as lower complexity and easy testability and observability in usual life. Mass media and news events can be used to increase the visibility and prominence of innovations, or interpersonal communication can be used to disseminate innovations successfully in the society.

In recent decades, DOI theory has been widely applied to public health and medical care for achieving effective disease prevention. General physicians conventionally diagnose and treat diseases. In Australia, they were encouraged to become innovative health promoters within the model of continuity of care. With this DOI concept, the prevalence of tobacco use reduced from 40% in 1983 to 15.9% in 2010 5. With an increasing number of electronic tools, DOI will become much easier. In Canada, physicians, nurses and patients responded well to innovative diabetes education, and social mobilization contributed the most to successful diffusion of the innovation program 2.

In conclusion, DOI theory emphasizes applying social marketing techniques and social networking as communication channels to rapidly disseminate an innovation. Health professionals should not only provide conventional educational strategies, but also implement innovative strategies for diabetes care considering patients' needs.

Acknowledgment

This research was supported partly by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST‐104‐2314‐B‐002 ‐155).

Disclosure

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Integration of diffusion of innovation theory into diabetes care

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A comprehensive survey of automotive industry trends to look forward to in 2021 reveals information-centric technologies playing a central role in the future of the industry. The industry is adopting new technologies in its operations at an unprecedented scale. In addition to technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and big data & analytics that have been around for while, newer technologies such as the internet of things (IoT) and blockchain also find numerous applications in automotive.

Innovation Map outlines Top 10 Automotive Industry Trends & 20 Promising Startups

For this in-depth research on the Top Automotive Industry Trends & Startups, we analyzed a sample of 4.859 global startups and scaleups. The result of this research is data-driven innovation intelligence that improves strategic decision-making by giving you an overview of emerging technologies & startups in the automotive industry. These insights are derived by working with our Big Data & Artificial Intelligence-powered StartUs Insights Discovery Platform, covering 1.379.000+ startups & scaleups globally. The platform quickly delivers an exhaustive overview of emerging technologies within a specific field as well as identifies relevant startups & scaleups early-on.

In the Innovation Map below, you get an overview of the Top 10 Industry Trends & Innovations that impact automotive companies worldwide. Moreover, the Automotive Innovation Map reveals 20 hand-picked startups, all working on emerging technologies that advance their field.

Tree Map reveals the Impact of the Top 10 Automotive Industry Trends

The Tree Map below illustrates the top 10 automotive industry trends that will impact companies in 2021. Emerging companies are working to build the first fully autonomous vehicle for city roads, which in turn accelerates the advancements in-vehicle connectivity and IoT. Further, as countries look to move away from fossil fuel use, a significant number of emerging electrification startups develop electric vehicles and the associated charging infrastructure. Another way to reduce the number of cars on the road involves promoting and creating shared mobility solutions that include first and last-mile connectivity along with urban mass transit.

Global Startup Heat Map covers 4.859 Automotive Startups & Scaleups

The Global Startup Heat Map below highlights the global distribution of the 4.859 exemplary startups & scaleups that we analyzed for this research. Created through the StartUs Insights Discovery Platform, the Heat Map reveals that the United States is home to most of these companies while we also observe increased activity in Europe, particularly in the UK and France.

Below, you get to meet 20 out of these 4.800+ promising startups & scaleups as well as the solutions they develop. These 20 startups were hand-picked based on criteria such as founding year, location, funding raised, and more. Depending on your specific needs, your top picks might look entirely different.

Top 10 Automotive Industry Trends in 2021

Autonomous vehicles or self-driving vehicles aim to minimize the need for human drivers and look poised to transform everyday transportation. Fleets of AVs expand the scope of last-mile deliveries, reduce downtime, and aim to make public transportation relatively safer. For example, by reducing accidents caused due to driver fatigue or negligence. AVs are equipped with advanced recognition technologies, such as AI-enhanced computer vision to identify obstacles along the route.

Intvo

The US-based startup Intvo develops a pedestrian behavior prediction technology. Unlike two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) object detection technologies that consider limited parameters, their solution checks for head position, eye contact, and leg movements of the pedestrians, weather conditions, and assigns a risk level. This reduces false positives in pedestrian detection and enhances the safety of autonomous vehicles.

Udelv

The US-based startup Udelv provides autonomous vehicles for last-mile deliveries. It combines advanced AI algorithms and hyper-speed teleoperations for human-assisted guidance in unique situations. The startup's vans have a payload capacity of approx. 360 kg (800+ lbs) and reach speeds up to approx 100 km/h (60 mi/h). The vans deliver groceries from nearby stores and send out a push notification when the order arrives.

Nowadays, vehicles come with a tamper-proof digital identity that differentiates them from other vehicles in the network. This enables easy tracking of vehicular data for various use cases such as insurance, driver safety, predictive maintenance, and fleet management. Sharing vehicular data helps not just the individual customer, but overhauls the entire mobility ecosystem.

V2X Network

British startup V2X Network offers a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) platform for autonomous transactions that combines geo-networking and caching to enable low latency real-time communication. The platform runs on distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) and allows for a high degree of scalability. The startup uses enterprise-grade encryption in order to provide users control over their data to enhance security and privacy measures.

NoTraffic

Israeli startup NoTraffic develops an AI-powered traffic signal platform that digitizes road infrastructure management and connects drivers to the city roadways to manage various traffic-related challenges. The data of all road users is streamed and processed in real-time to empower smart mobility. The solution also serves as the base for additional services such as micropayments and micro-mobility.

The depleting fossil fuel reserves and the harm to the environment caused by their use call for promoting the use of electric vehicles (EVs). For greater adoption, EVs need to address issues such as high price, poor battery, inadequate charging infrastructure, fleet electrification, as well as powering renewable energy-based charging grids.

Lordstown Motors

The US-based Startup Lordstown Motors Corps makes an all-electric pickup truck. The truck, EnduranceTM, is designed to be a sturdy work vehicle and comes with fewer moving parts compared to traditional commercial vehicles, thus enabling easier maintenance. It features 4 hub electric motors to provide a four-wheel drive and is capable of traveling more than 250 miles (400 km) on a single charge.

ChargeX

German startup ChargeX offers a modular EV charging solution that converts parking spaces into charging stations. The startup's platform, Aqueduct, is easy to install, has 4 charging modules with up to 22kW, provides monthly reports, and uses a Typ2 charging cable. The solution recognizes the power requirements of every car and automatically controls the charging speed for each vehicle.

With connected vehicles, new business models have come up that focus on shared mobility as an alternative to traditional vehicle ownership. This enables mobility-as-a-service (MaaS) and discourages unused vehicles. Such solutions meet the requirements of a city or a business without adding new vehicles, thus reducing waiting time for fleets and pollution caused by petrol or diesel vehicles.

Launch Mobility

The US-based startup Launch Mobility develops a platform for a range of shared mobility solutions. The platform LM Mission ControlTM offers free-floating or station-based car sharing, advanced shuttle services, shared dockless scooters, keyless rental programs, and peer-to-peer shared mobility. The LM Mission ControlTM dashboard allows business users to manage their fleets. Further, their drivers use out-of-the-box or white-labeled apps to manage reservations or remotely access vehicles.

Beam

Singapore-based startup Beam focuses on e-scooters to promote shared mobility in the Asia-Pacific region. Their scooters use an aviation-grade aluminum frame and are customized for sharing, safety, reliability, and durability. Users discover the nearest Beam scooter on the app and park it in visible public spots after the ride. Further, the micro-mobility platform offers a sustainable alternative to short-distance rides and helps regulate traffic flow in cities.

5. Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Artificial intelligence technologies such as machine learning, deep learning, and computer vision find applications in robotic automation within the automotive industry. These guide self-driving cars, manage fleets, assist drivers to improve safety and improve services such as vehicle inspection or insurance. AI also finds applications in automotive manufacturing, where it accelerates the rate of production and helps reduce costs.

RevitsOne

Indian startup RevitsOne offers an AI-powered fleet-management software that is suitable for fleets of varying sizes. The startup's vehicle management system provides insights into speed, running vitals, and health information. Drivers benefit from Voicera ID, a voice-based virtual assistant that helps them keep track of the information they need. Additionally, the onboard speed recorder limits the speed to discourage dangerous driving behaviors.

Apex AI

The US-based startup Apex AI enables automotive companies to implement complex AI solutions. Apex.OS runs on automotive electronic control units (ECUs) and offers robust, reliable, and secure APIs to develop autonomous mobility solutions. ApexAutonomy offers modules to build 3D perception, localization, and control to enable autonomous vehicles. Lastly, MARV.Automotive is a configurable and extensible data management platform that reliably transmits data from the vehicle to the cloud.

In the age of big data, advanced data analytics informs various decisions throughout the lifecycle of a vehicle. Data gathered from vehicles enables predictive maintenance, informs managers about their fleets, and alerts concerned authorities in case of accidents. Moreover, customer automotive data finds applications in driving sales, optimizing supply chains, and enhancing product design for newer vehicles.

Procon Analytics

The US-based startup Procon Analytics leverages big data to offer a solution for automotive finance. The solution captures millions of data points in real-time and analyzes them to enable lenders to instantly assess and reduce risk. This allows Buy Here Pay Here (BHPH) dealers to expand their businesses and extend credit to high-risk customers. Further, this also offers software solutions for fleet and asset tracking as well as connected cars.

Unit8

Swiss startup Unit8 uses big data and analytics to offer digital solutions for various industries. For automotive, the startup develops predictive models that encourage car companies to improve marketing or operations and increase their revenue. These models provide insights into product build, price, as well as after-sales service.

As self-driving cars and connected cars transform the automotive landscape, it will fundamentally change how drivers interact with vehicles. Human-machine interfaces (HMI) use voice-based or haptic feedback to operate vehicles. These expand the scope of how and what aspects of a car that users control. Consequently, such interfaces make the driving experience safer and more enjoyable. Another form of HMI includes smart virtual assistants who help drivers and riders interact with the vehicles and other service providers.

Awayr

The US-based startup Awayr develops human-machine interfaces for vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and robots. The startup works with automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to decrease HMI development cycle time and enhance the safety of interfaces. Awayr also builds solutions to manage driver attention in unconventional situations, such as autonomous vehicles that may occasionally need human intervention.

Apostera

German startup Apostera offers an advanced driver-assistance system (ADAS). The startup's platform combines augmented reality (AR), smart camera, and surround-view monitoring to illuminate the route on turns, curves, slopes as well as complex junctions. This assists the drivers in keeping lanes, prevents collisions, and enables autonomous driving options. Moreover, the solution is customizable to any car model or specific OEM requirements.

Blockchain finds multiple applications in the automotive industry. These include sharing vehicle data over a secure network for connectivity and shared mobility solutions such as ride-hailing, urban transportation, and deliveries. Moreover, it finds application in verifying the supply chain of spare parts or making sure that the raw materials and spare parts are sourced exclusively from legal and trusted sources.

Cube Intelligence

British startup Cube Intelligence develops a blockchain-based security platform for autonomous vehicles. The startup's technology utilizes hash codes to block malicious attacks or hacking attempts on autonomous cars and connected cars. The hardware used gathers real-time data on mobility and emissions. Additionally, Cube Intelligence offers ride-hailing and valet parking services for AVs, as well as smart parking management systems.

DAV

Israeli startup DAV offers a decentralized autonomous vehicles platform based on blockchain technology. The platform allows autonomous vehicles to discover AVs, service providers, or clients around them. The vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication is either on-blockchain, with smart contracts, or off-blockchain using DAV's protocols. The startup develops protocols for drone charging networks, drone flight planning, and open mobility.

9. Additive Manufacturing

3D printing helps the automotive industry in three primary ways. Firstly, it enables rapid prototyping with 3D printed models that accelerate the design and testing phases of production. Secondly, it allows manufacturers to print spare parts to match their requirements. Lastly, additive manufacturing of composite materials leads to automotive parts that are lighter, stronger, and more durable.

9T Labs

Swiss startup 9T Labs employs additive manufacturing to produce carbon composites for use in the automotive industry. The startup's design software Fibrify optimizes fiber placement and automates equipment production with additive fusion technology to mass-produce carbon fiber products. The 3D printed composites are more affordable, lightweight, dimensionally stable, corrosion-resistant, and also offer increased strength and stiffness.

Moi

Italian startup Moi combines thermosetting composite materials and 3D printing to manufacture high-performance parts for the automotive industry. Moi uses continuous fiber manufacturing (CFM) technology, robotic intelligence, and digital fabrication to deposit fibers. As a result, the solution is easily scalable for producing composites for panels, frames, and interior components. The startup also serves other industries, such as aerospace, construction, and biomedical.

In the automotive industry, IoT enables secure communication between vehicles as well as vehicles and infrastructure components. The technology improves road safety, solves traffic congestion, and reduces pollution and energy expenditure with better fleet management. Startups and emerging companies develop advanced sensing technologies to gather more data about the vehicle as well as allow the vehicle to understand its surroundings. The technology also automates payments for fuel and tolls.

EcoG

Operating from Germany and the US, EcoG is a startup offering an IoT-based operating system and platform for EV charging. The startup provides manufacturers with tools that make the development and maintenance of EV charging infrastructure simple, fast, and scalable. It also allows operators to integrate services and microservices in the chargers to make the charging process profitable. In addition, the solution works with any EV charger and enables new features to be shipped throughout the network.

KonnectShift

Canadian startup KonnectShift provides IoT solutions to optimize fleet and asset management. The startup develops Konnect - GS01, an automatic electronic logging device (ELD) to continuously track vehicular health. The solution includes route planning and optimization for real-time dispatch, advanced analytics to enable alerts regarding driving, vehicles, and fuel, predictive maintenance alerts to reduce downtime, as well as developing driver management apps.

Discover all Automotive Technologies & Startups

Additive manufacturing near production sites, AI-based automated inspections, the use of big data to inform design and production, and human-machine interfaces are reinventing the manufacturing processes for automotive players. The push for electric cars and driverless cars is strengthened by advancements in machine learning and IoT. These also enable new business models in shared ownership of vehicles, analytics-driven maintenance, safety improvements, and insurance. Further, startups and emerging companies develop solutions that enable vehicles to securely communicate and transact over a network.

The Automotive Industry Trends & Startups outlined in this report only scratch the surface of trends that we identified during our in-depth research. Among others, hybrid vehicles, robotics, and automotive sensor technologies will transform the sector as we know it today. Identifying new opportunities and emerging technologies to implement into your business early on goes a long way in gaining a competitive advantage. Get in touch to easily and exhaustively scout relevant technologies & startups that matter to you.

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Top 10 Automotive Industry Trends & Innovations in 2021

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A comprehensive survey of automotive industry trends to look forward to in 2021 reveals information-centric technologies playing a central role in the future of the industry. The industry is adopting new technologies in its operations at an unprecedented scale.

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Whether you're lucky enough to have a new car that has a built-in smart assistant or can parallel park itself, it can't be denied that AI has already become an incredibly major factor in the automotive industry. With several modern cars already advertising smart features that include things like self-driving programs and motion sensors, manufacturers are working hard to bring the "smartest" features to their latest models, ensuring both driver comfort and accessibility.

Be that as it may, it is not simply a matter of convenience. With the several imminent dangers of global warming, these AI advancements in auto technology may possibly stand to positively impact the environment in its steady decline.

The most evident benefit of AI features is being able to cut down on one of the world's biggest sources of air pollution. Because of emissions released by cars and other vehicles, transportation is responsible for more than "half of all [nitrogen oxide] emissions and contributes significantly (around 10 % or more) to the total emissions of other pollutants," according to the European Environment Agency.

By getting fewer vehicles to their destinations more efficiently, AI could help reduce that amount substantially. Less fuel being burned means less fuel being sold, which ultimately results in a decreasing demand for fossil fuels like oil and petroleum and the systems used to extract them. What's more, if people begin to start using ride-sharing services as opposed to acquiring their own cars, there may eventually be fewer cars made in the future, which could help significantly in cutting down on the negative impact of the manufacturing process as well.

Fewer crashes due to AI features such as impact detection and collision avoidance could also mean fewer resources and materials that go towards replacing these cars. An overall pattern for all cars is that they are are normally built larger than they need to be, due to the fact that bigger vehicles typically fare much better in collisions than lighter, more compact ones do. But as AI's ability to reduce the number of collisions improves, we may begin to see a change in car design, where smaller, fuel-efficient cars are being manufactured as a result.

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AI in the Auto Industry And Its Effect on the Environment - AI Daily - Artificial Intelligence News

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Whether you're lucky enough to have a new car that has a built-in smart assistant or can parallel park itself, it can't be denied that AI has already become an incredibly major factor in the automotive industry.