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First space satellite in the world, launched by USSR. Also meant that Russia had missiles that could reach the US

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called for dramatic reduction of U.S. troops followed by an increased injection of South Vietnamese troops in their place

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In May 1970, students protesting the bombing of Cambodia by United States military forces, clashed with Ohio National Guardsmen on the Kent State University campus. When the Guardsmen shot and killed four students on May 4, the Kent State Shootings became the focal point of a nation deeply divided by the Vietnam War

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Doves believed that the Vietnam conflict was a localized civil war and did not agree with Johnson's war policy, whereas Hawks supported Johnson's policy and believed Vietnam was a crucial front in the Cold War.

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North Vietnamese and communist Viet Cong forces launched a coordinated attack against a number of targets in South Vietnam

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North Vietnamese patrol torpedo boats attacked the USS Maddox (DD-731) while the destroyer was in international waters in the Gulf of Tonkin

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fought between South Vietnam and North Vietnam (communists). North Vietnam eventually won the war, even though the U.S won almost all of their battles against the Viet Cong

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most often remembered as an active court that decided key cases significantly extending the protection of Civil Rights as well as federal and judicial power.

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Written by Betty Friedan, who changed norms by exploring the idea of women finding personal fulfillment outside of their traditional roles. She also helped advance the women's rights movement as one of the founders of the National Organization for Women

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followed by several days of demonstrations in New York and was the impetus for the formation of the Gay Liberation Front as well as other gay, lesbian and bisexual civil rights organizations. It's also regarded by many as history's first major protest on behalf of equal rights for homosexuals

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when long‐held values and norms of behavior seemed to break down, particularly among the young. Many college‐age men and women became political activists and were the driving force behind the civil rights andovements.

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the result of couples holding off on having children due to the Great Depression and World War II

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a political organization founded in 1966 by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale to challenge police brutality against the African American community

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for jobs and freedom, political demonstration held in Washington D.C., in 1963 by civil rights leaders to protest racial discrimination and to show support for major civil rights legislation that was pending in Congress.

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Outlawed the discriminatory voting practices adopted in many southern states after the Civil War, including literacy tests as a prerequisite to voting

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ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin

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Group of nine African American students that entered a high school to end segregation.

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Issued on July 26, 1948, by U.S. Pres. Harry S. Truman that abolished racial segregation in the U.S. military. Beginning with the initial skirmishes of the American Revolution, African Americans had played an important role in the armed forces of the United States.

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a civil-rights protest during which African Americans refused to ride city buses in Alabama, to protest segregated seating. The took place from December 5, 1955, to December 20, 1956, and is regarded as the first large-scale U.S. demonstration against segregation

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was a 1964 voter registration project in Mississippi, part of a larger effort by civil rights groups such as the Congress on Racial Equality (CORE) and the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) to expand black voting in the South

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the unanimous ruling in the landmark civil rights case of Topeka, Kansas. State-sanctioned segregation of public schools was a violation of the 14th amendment and was therefore unconstitutional.

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an ambitious series of policy initiatives, legislation and programs spearheaded by President Lyndon B. Johnson with the main goals of ending poverty, reducing crime, abolishing inequality and improving the environment

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Period of the easing of Cold War tensions between the U.S. and the Soviet Union from 1967 to 1979. The era was a time of increased trade and cooperation with the Soviet Union and the signing of the SALT treaties. Relations cooled again with the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.

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The Cuban Missile Crisis of October 1962 was a direct and dangerous confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War and was the moment when the two superpowers came closest to nuclear conflict

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created in 1938 to investigate alleged disloyalty and subversive activities on the part of private citizens, public employees, and those organizations suspected of having Communist ties.

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the period of time in American history that saw Wisconsin Sen. Joseph McCarthy produce a series of investigations and hearings during the 1950s in an effort to expose supposed communist infiltration of various areas of the US government.

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United States and the Soviet Union negotiated the first agreements to place limits and restraints on some of their central and most important armaments.

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began when the North Korean Communist army crossed the 38th Parallel and invaded non-Communist South Korea. As Kim Il-sung's North Korea army, armed with Soviet tanks, quickly overran South Korea, the United States came to South Korea's aid.

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A military alliance formed between 26 nations to enforce the North Atlantic treaty of 1949 and to combat the spread of communism.

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U.S. and British pilots begin delivering food and supplies by airplane to Berlin after the city is isolated by a Soviet Union blockade. When World War II ended in 1945, defeated Germany was divided into Soviet, American, British and French zones of occupation

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An American initiative to aid western Europe with 13 billion in economic support to help rebuild after the end of WWII

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established that the United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces.

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A theory that a communist victory in one nation would quickly lead to a chain reaction and cause more nations to adopt communist policies.

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Churchill's term for the cold war division between the Soviet dominated east and the US dominated west

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Policy using numerous strategies to prevent the spread of communism abroad

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Said that all Americans have health insurance, that the minimum wage be increased, and that, by law, all Americans be guaranteed equal rights.

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region in the United States that stretches across the southern and southwestern portions of the country from Florida to California. Includes the states of Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, and California

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The G. I. Bill of Rights or Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944 provided for college or vocational education for returning World War II veterans (commonly referred to as GIs or G. I.s) as well as one-year of unemployment compensation. It also provided loans for returning veterans to buy homes and start businesses.