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“It was as though some mysterious all-knowing master had given each one a cloak of ugliness to wear, and they had each accepted it without question” (Morrison 39).

This quote can be related to the theme “beauty vs. ugliness” and “conformity.” Although slavery has ended for decades, the demonization of black people still existed in the society. The oppression the black people experienced throughout their lives gradually made themselves believe that they are ugly and didn’t deserve to be treated as human. It was a self dehumanization that every black people was going through. Their perspectives were distorted, and this led to hatred and envy among themselves. These phenomena were seen through Pecola’s desire to have blue eyes, which was in conformity with the societal standard of beauty, that is, she blamed her suffering on herself for not being a white, pretty girl, but not to her surrounding, to the recist society, and to her counterparts who had gone mad as well as herself.

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"Dandelions. A dart of affection leaps out from her to them. But they do not look at her and do not send love back. She thinks, 'They are ugly. They are weeds.' Preoccupied with that revelation, she trips on the sidewalk crack. Anger stirs and wakes in her; it opens its mouth, and like a hot-mouthed puppy, laps up the dredges of her shame" (Morrison 50).

This quote reflects the theme “conformity is prevalent in society”. Earlier in the book, as Pecola walking to the store and observing the dandelions in her surrounding, “She thought they are pretty,” but she couldn’t understand “why… do people call them weed” (Morrison 47). This quote shows her innocence and differentiates her form others in the society in that she has an independent view on beauty. This quote, however, reveals the change in Pecola after she had been humiliated by the storekeeper. It is a inner conflict Pecola had because now she think herself as ugly as the dandelion, and this change in her view about herself is imposed onto her by not only the racist, but also the sense of conformity in her society.

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“It had occurred to Pecola some time ago that if her eyes, those eyes that held the pictures, and knew the sights—if those eyes of hers were different, that is to say, beautiful, she herself would be different” (Morrison 46).

This quote can be related to the theme “race vs. beauty” in the book The Bluest Eye. This quote explained Pecola’s desire of having a pair of blue eyes. It is important to know that the reason she wanted those eyes is not simply because she want to accommodate to the white standard of beauty, “blue-eyed, yellow-haired, pink-skinned” female(Morrison 21),  but to “[hold] the pictures, and knew the sights,” so that she could see difference, so that the reality could be changed and everything would be beautiful, and she would no longer need to suffer. This quote also reflects the conflict that the black people conformed the white standard of beauty even though those “beautiful” people had done the greatest harm on them.

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"As long as she looked the way she did, as long as she was ugly, she would have to stay with these people. Somehow she belonged to them. Long hours she sat looking in the mirror, trying to discover the street of the ugliness, the ugliness that made her ignored or despised at school, by teachers and classmates alike." (Morrison 45).
This quote represents evils of racism due to the underlying fact that everybody around Pecola treats her much differently, all because of the color of her skin. Her one wish is to have blue eyes, and that is because people are being racist towards her. Especially in this time period, the society Pecola lives in is far from equality.

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"She was different from us now- grown-up like." (Morrison 32).
This quote represents coming of age because Pecola finally got her period for the first time. Her initial reaction was she thought she was dying due to the amount of blood she saw. Pecola is slowly shifting to adulthood. She also said something along the lines of: "I'm bleeding now! That means I can have a baby!"

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"... all the world had agreed that a blue-eyed, yellow-haired, pink-skinned doll was what every child treasured." (Morrison 20).
This quote represents destruction of beauty because Pecola, an eleven-year-old girl, believes that she is considered ugly due to the fact that she has brown eyes instead of blue. Her surroundings convinced her that if she did not have blue eyes, then she was not beautiful. During this 1940s era, white people were considered the face of beauty, while colored people continued to live in their shadows.

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In the Bluest Eye on Chapter Three - one of the main characters by the name Pecola really wants blue eyes so narrator was saying “It had occurred to Pecola some time ago that if her eyes, those eyes that held the pictures, and knew the sights”(Toni Morrison pg. 46) explaining how she doesn’t want the different eye color due to making her more prettier or anything. Explaining that with those colors she would have different sight of seeing or a new view of the world.

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“Certain seeds it will not nurture, certain fruit it will not bear and when the land kills of its own volition, we acquiesce and say the victim had no right to live.”(Toni Morrison pg. 35)On chapter 4 it’s explaining how people do not believe her or simply blaming Pecola for getting sexually assaulted / raped it’s too difficult for the town to believe Pecola’s side of story at all that out of nowhere it happened to Pecola but nobody else.

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“We loved him. Even after what came later, there was no bitterness in our memory of him." (Toni Morrison pg. 16)

Beginning of the book it’s explaining how Pecola was in love with one person but she has no memory of him ever being bad and doesn’t know the reason that she doesn’t love him.

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Parents' horror as they catch their nanny smacking their baby in the FACE after filming her on a hidden camera

A nanny in Staten Island was caught by a hidden camera as she hit a baby while she was trying to feed her.

The mother of the 5-month-old girl had grown suspicious of the nanny that they had hired so she installed a video camera inside their carbon monoxide detector that was synched up to a live feed.

As the mother watched while she was at work, she saw Mamura Nasirova smack her young daughter in the face three times when she won't take the bottle.

Nasirova, 52, then shakes the girl as she lays in the stationary infant seat before whacking the girl on her legs.

No sound can be heard, but the motions of the child's mouth suggest that she is crying.

While the baby was found to have redness and swelling as a result of the hits, she did not break any bones.

The nanny, who The New York Post reports is an Uzbekistan-native, then lifts the girl quickly out of her seat and then walks out of the room.

The Staten Island Advance identifies that child's parents as Mr and Mrs Roman Mardakhaev who live on Woodlawn Avenue, and the nanny has listed her address as the same as the family's. She is not a U.S. citizen and nothing else is known about the parents.

The Mrs Mardakhaev had grown suspicious of the nanny and was apparently watching the abuse in real-time, so she was able to rush home and yell at the woman at around 4.20pm on Monday January 28.

The parents filed a police report on February 1 and Nasirova was arrested two days later at the family's home.

Her fighting streak apparently didn't stop with children either as she reportedly fought with police as they tried to arrest her.

She now faces charges of endangering the welfare of a child and resisting arrest, and she is being held at Rikers Island, according to a spokesman for Staten Island District Attorney Daniel Donovan.

Her bail has been set at $1,000 but she remains in jail before her court date on Friday.

Nasirova's actions made their way onto a 'Nanny Black List' culled by a Russian parenting website, along with a link to the video.

'She beat a 5 month old child for not eating food. She was fired the same day by parents, though there was an outrage in our Russian Parents group as everyone felt the parents should have called the police,' the review states, even though the authorities were called and the nanny remains in Riker's Island.

Distressing content. Parents catch nanny hitting their baby

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Parents' horror as they catch their nanny smacking their baby in the FACE after filming her on a hidden camera

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A nanny in Staten Island was caught by a hidden camera as she hit a baby while she was trying to feed her. The mother of the 5-month-old girl had grown suspicious of the nanny that they had hired so she installed a video camera inside their carbon monoxide detector that was synched up to a live feed.

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The Great Migration was the relocation of more than 6 million Black Americans from the rural South to the cities of the North, Midwest and West from about 1916 to 1970. Driven from their homes by unsatisfactory economic opportunities and harsh segregationist laws, many Black Americans headed north, where they took advantage of the need for industrial workers that arose during the First World War. During the Great Migration, Black people began to build a new place for themselves in public life, actively confronting racial prejudice as well as economic, political and social challenges to create a Black urban culture that would exert enormous influence in the decades to come.
WATCH: Black History Shorts on HISTORY Vault
What Caused the Great Migration?

After the Civil War and the Reconstruction era, racial inequality persisted across the South during the 1870s, and the segregationist policies known as " Jim Crow" soon became the law of the land.

Black Southerners were still forced to make their living working the land due to Black codes and the sharecropping system, which offered little in the way of economic opportunity, especially after crop damage resulting from a regional boll weevil infestation in the 1890s and early 1900s.

And while the Ku Klux Klan had been officially dissolved in 1869, the KKK continued underground after that, and intimidation, violence and lynching of Black southerners were not uncommon practices in the Jim Crow South.

Did you know? Around 1916, when the Great Migration began, a factory wage in the urban North was typically three times more than what Black people could expect to make working the land in the rural South.

READ MORE: How the Black Codes Limited African American Progress After the Civil War
The Great Migration Begins

When World War I broke out in Europe in 1914, industrialized urban areas in the North, Midwest and West faced a shortage of industrial laborers, as the war put an end to the steady tide of European immigration to the United States.

With war production kicking into high gear, recruiters enticed Black Americans to come north, to the dismay of white Southerners. Black newspapers-particularly the widely read Chicago Defender -published advertisements touting the opportunities available in the cities of the North and West, along with first-person accounts of success.
WATCH: Yohuru Williams on the Great Migration
Life for Migrants in the City

By the end of 1919, some scholars estimate that 1 million Black people had left the South, usually traveling by train, boat or bus; a smaller number had automobiles or even horse-drawn carts.

In the decade between 1910 and 1920, the Black population of major Northern cities grew by large percentages, including New York City (66 percent), Chicago (148 percent), Philadelphia (500 percent) and Detroit (611 percent).

Many new arrivals found jobs in factories, slaughterhouses and foundries, where working conditions were arduous and sometimes dangerous. Female migrants had a harder time finding work, spurring heated competition for domestic labor positions.

Aside from competition for employment, there was also competition for living space in increasingly crowded cities. While segregation was not legalized in the North (as it was in the South), racism and prejudice were nonetheless widespread.

After the U.S. Supreme Court declared racially based housing ordinances unconstitutional in 1917, some residential neighborhoods enacted covenants requiring white property owners to agree not to sell to Black people; these would remain legal until the Court struck them down in 1948.

Rising rents in segregated areas, plus a resurgence of KKK activity after 1915, worsened Black and white relations across the country. The summer of 1919 began the greatest period of interracial strife in U.S. history at that time, including a disturbing wave of race riots.

The most serious was the Chicago Race Riot of 1919 -it lasted 13 days and left 38 people dead, 537 injured and 1,000 Black families without homes.
READ MORE: How a New Deal Housing Program Enforced Segregation
Impact of the Great Migration

As a result of housing tensions, many Black residents ended up creating their own cities within big cities, fostering the growth of a new, urban, Black culture. The most prominent example was Harlem in New York City, a formerly all-white neighborhood that by the 1920s housed some 200,000 Black people.

The Black experience during the Great Migration became an important theme in the artistic movement known first as the New Negro Movement and later as the Harlem Renaissance, which would have an enormous impact on the culture of the era.

The Great Migration also began a new era of increasing political activism among Black Americans, who after being disenfranchised in the South found a new place for themselves in public life in the cities of the North and West. The civil rights movement directly benefited from this activism.

Black migration slowed considerably in the 1930s, when the country sank into the Great Depression, but picked up again with the coming of World War II and the need for wartime production. But returning Black soldiers found that the GI Bill didn't always promise the same postwar benefits for all.

By the 1970s, when the Great Migration ended, its demographic impact was unmistakable: Whereas in 1900, nine out of every 10 Black Americans lived in the South, and three out of every four lived on farms, by 1970 the South was home to only half of the country's Black population, with only 20 percent living in the region's rural areas. The Great Migration was famously captured in Isabel Wilkerson's The Warmth of Other Suns: The Epic Story of America's Great Migration.

Sources

The Great Migration (1910-1970). National Archives.
The Long-Lasting Legacy of the Great Migration. Smithsonian Magazine.
Great Migration: The African-American Exodus North. NPR: Fresh Air.
READ MORE: Black History Milestones: A Timeline

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Great Migration: Definition, Causes & Impact | HISTORY

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The Great Migration was the movement of more than 6 million Black Americans from the South to the cities of the North, Midwest and West from about 1916 to 1970.

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Last Hired, First Fired: How the Great Depression Affected African Americans

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Last Hired, First Fired: How the Great Depression Affected African Americans

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Lasting from 1929 to 1939, the Great Depression was the worst economic downturn in the industrialized world. While no group escaped the economic devastation of the Great Depression, few suffered more than African Americans. Said to be "last hired, first fired," African Americans were the first to see hours and jobs cut, and they experienced the highest unemployment rate during the 1930s. Since they were already relegated to lower-paying professions, African Americans had less of a financial cushion to fall back on when the economy collapsed.

The Great Depression impacted African Americans for decades to come. It spurred the rise of African-American activism, which laid the groundwork for the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s. The popularity of President Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal program also saw African Americans switch their political allegiances to become a core part of the Democratic Party's voting bloc.

African-American unemployment rates doubled or tripled those of whites.

Prior to the Great Depression, African Americans worked primarily in unskilled jobs. After the stock market crash of 1929, those entry-level, low-paying jobs either disappeared or were filled by whites in need of employment. According to the Library of Congress, the African-American unemployment rate in 1932 climbed to approximately 50 percent.

As historian Cheryl Lynn Greenberg writes in To Ask for an Equal Chance: African Americans in the Great Depression, black unemployment rates in the South were double or even triple that of the white population. In Atlanta, nearly 70 percent of black workers were jobless in 1934. In cities across the North, approximately 25 percent of white workers were unemployed in 1932, while the jobless rates among African Americans topped 50 percent in Chicago and Pittsburgh and 60 percent in Philadelphia and Detroit.

During the Great Depression, hundreds of thousands of African-American sharecroppers who fell into debt joined the Great Migration from the rural South to the urban North. According to Greenberg, by 1940 1.75 million African Americans had moved from the South to cities in the North and West.

African Americans formed grassroots organizations, uniting for economic and political progress.

From the Great Depression's earliest days, African Americans mobilized to protest for greater economic, social and political rights. In 1929, Chicago Whip editor Joseph Bibb organized boycotts of city department stores that refused to hire African Americans. The grassroots protests against racially discriminatory hiring practices worked, resulting in the employment of 2,000 African Americans. The "Don't Buy Where You Can't Work" boycotts and pickets soon spread to other cities across the North.

The decade of the 1930s saw the growth of African American activism that presaged the Civil Rights Movement. In 1935, Mary McLeod Bethune organized the National Council of Negro Women, and the following year saw the first meeting of the National Negro Congress, an umbrella movement of diverse African-American organizations that fought for anti-lynching legislation, the elimination of the poll tax and the eligibility of agricultural and domestic workers for Social Security. Young African Americans in 1937 formed the Southern Negro Youth Congress registered voters and organized boycotts.

The African-American vote helped elect Franklin D. Roosevelt, for the first time switching to the Democratic Party.

For decades prior to the Great Depression, African Americans had traditionally voted for the Republican Party, which was still seen as the party of emancipation from the days of Abraham Lincoln. The presidential election of 1932, however, saw a sea-change as African Americans began to switch their political allegiance to the Democratic Party. "My friends, go turn Lincoln's picture to the wall," Pittsburgh Courier editor Robert Vann implored African Americans in 1932. "The debt has been paid in full."

In an oral interview, historian John Hope Franklin said African Americans were drawn to Franklin D. Roosevelt after years of inactivity under Presidents Calvin Coolidge and Herbert Hoover. "He had a purpose, had a message, had a program. And it seemed that was better than the inertia that preceded things," he said.

Franklin also said African Americans could identify with Roosevelt's personal struggles. "Roosevelt inspired large numbers of blacks, I think in part because he was handicapped himself. And although was not publicized as much as it might have been, blacks knew that he was a victim of polio, that he couldn't walk, and that he had overcome these handicaps."

Since Roosevelt needed the support of Southern Democrats to pass his New Deal agenda, he did not advocate for the passage of federal anti-lynching law or embrace efforts to ban the poll tax that prevented many African Americans from voting. Yet, the economic support received by African Americans under the New Deal solidified their newfound loyalty to the Democratic Party. By 1936, more than 70 percent of African Americans voted for Roosevelt, according to the Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies.

What was the 'Black Cabinet' during Roosevelt's presidency?

Roosevelt appointed far more African Americans to positions within his administration than his predecessors, and he was the first president to appoint an African American as a federal judge. According to the Roosevelt Institute, FDR tripled the number of African Americans working in the federal government.

New Deal officials appointed African Americans as special advisors. Although none actually filled Cabinet-level positions, these public policy advisors were referred to as the "Black Cabinet" and the "Black Brain Trust." Perhaps the best-known member of the Black Cabinet was its only woman, Bethune, a close friend of First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt and founder of Bethune-Cookman University.

New Deal programs, however, still discriminated against African Americans.

Although New Deal programs provided African Americans with badly needed economic assistance, they were administered at a state level where racial segregation was still widespread, and systemically, enforced. The New Deal did little to challenge existing racial discrimination and Jim Crow laws prevalent during the 1930s.

The Civilian Conservation Corps established racially segregated camps, while the Federal Housing Administration refused to insure mortgages in African-American neighborhoods. The Agricultural Adjustment Association gave white landowners money for keeping their fields fallow, but they were not required to pass any money to African-American sharecroppers and tenant farmers who farmed the land and were not eligible for Social Security benefits.

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Last Hired, First Fired: How the Great Depression Affected African Americans

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Lasting from 1929 to 1939, the Great Depression was the worst economic downturn in the industrialized world. While no group escaped the economic devastation of the Great Depression, few suffered more than African Americans. Said to be "last hired, first fired," African Americans were the first to see hours and jobs cut, and they experienced the highest unemployment rate during the 1930s.

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Royal Family members have often gushed about their affection for their nannies well into adulthood. Prince William and Prince Harry were said to have adored their nanny, Tiggy Legge-Bourke, who they leaned on following the death of their mother Princess Diana in 1997. The princes also had a close bond with their deputy nanny Olga Powell, who stayed in touch years afterwards, attending major milestone events such as William's 21st birthday party. Nannies have always held major responsibility in the British monarchy, providing future kings and queens with day-to-day care, discipline and comfort.

The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge currently employ the elite Borland College-trained Maria Borrallo to help look after Prince George, Princess Charlotte and Prince Louis.

She is often spotted in the background at royal events, providing a helping hand while William and Kate are delivering their duties.

The role of the royal nanny is continually evolving and they can now be called upon to provide additional house-keeping duties in addition to child-rearing.

But there are a couple of key differences between nannies hired today compared to the past.

Canadian royal historian Carolyn Harris, author of Raising Royalty: 1000 Years of Royal Parenting, told Express.co.uk nannies now receive "much more supervision" than in the past due to serious incidents of neglect.

Queen Victoria's eldest daughter, also named Victoria, nearly died in 1841 after her nanny Louis Lehzen failed to diagnose the princess' serious flu-like symptoms.

Ms Harris explained: "In the 19th and early 20th centuries, the nursery was the nanny's domain and problems with the nursery staff might take a long time to reach the attention of royal parents.

"Prince Albert became critical of the nursery staff chosen by Queen Victoria's former governess Baroness Lezhen once Victoria and Albert's eldest daughter fell ill in their care.

"Albert then insisted on Lezhen's dismissal and new caregivers in the royal nursery."

But worse was to follow with serious neglect coming further down the line of succession, starting with Albert and Victoria's grandson George V.

Ms Harris said: "King George V and Queen Mary dismissed a nanny who pinched their eldest son, the future Edward VIII and neglected their second son, the future George VI, after she had been in their employment for three years, demonstrating that royal parents of the time were not necessarily aware of how nannies behaved toward the children in their care.

"Today, a problem with a nanny in the royal nursery would be identified much more quickly as royal parents are more involved in the day to day care of their children than they were in past centuries."

George VI, the Queen's father, famously had a stutter which has even been attributed to the poor care and neglect he received from his nanny before her eventual dismissal.

Another key change is the adaptation of the nanny to meet the needs of modern Royal parents as they become more hands-on parents.

Ms Harris says "extensive overseas travel" is now an expected part of the job as many members of the monarchy prefer to take their child abroad while on Royal engagements.

She said: "When Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip undertook extensive Commonwealth tours in the 1950s, Prince Charles and Princess Anne remained in Britain with their nannies and their grandmother, the Queen Mother.

"In contrast, Charles and Diana, the Prince and Princess of Wales brought Prince William with them to Australia and New Zealand when he was nine-months-old.

"William and Harry joined their parents on subsequent tours including a visit to Canada in 1991."

This tradition has also passed down the line to theCambridgeswho took Prince George to Australia and New Zealand also, as well as George and Charlotte to Canada.

Previously royal engagements "took priority over family time" whereas now that has changed, Ms Harris said.

She added this is likely to be the approach favoured by Meghan Markle and Prince Harry once they have their first child.

Ms Harris said: "The current generation of royal parents of young children is making efforts to balance royal duties with quality time with their children, even during busy periods of royal engagements and overseas tours.

"For example, William and Catherine's 2016 tour of British Columbia and the Yukon in Canada was structured so that the royal couple could return to Government House in Victoria most evenings to spend time with their children after undertaking a full day of royal engagements.

"Harry and Meghan may take a similar approach, ensuring a balance between royal engagements and time with their children."

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Royal baby: Sinister past that means Meghan and Harry's nanny to be VERY closely monitored

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Royal Family members have often gushed about their affection for their nannies well into adulthood. Prince William and Prince Harry were said to have adored their nanny, Tiggy Legge-Bourke, who they leaned on following the death of their mother Princess Diana in 1997.