# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Lipa city vehicles causing air pollution

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/vehicles-air-pollution-human-health
click for more information

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
LIPA CITY-This city is already having a voluminous amount of solid wastes in previous years before the population here experienced un-hauled trash in the latter part of 2016.

Data culled from the Provincial Solid Waste Management Plan showed that Lipa City was the second biggest generator of waste in the province at 160,000 kilos per day in 2014 to 2015. Lipa City is behind the provincial capital, Batangas City, whose average generation is 167,199.42 kilos per day in 2014 to 2015.

Lipa's trash a day comprises 18.29 percent of the province's total generated waste.

Nasugbu municipality is third, generating 53,357.12 kilos.

Engr. Joyce Faith Dijan, environment and sanitary engineer of the provincial environment office's solid waste division, generally attributes Lipa's garbage problem, as with other local governments struggling in its implementation, towards the lack of political will on the part of the barangay officials and lack of cooperation on the part of the residents.

"When it comes to garbage, everybody of us is guilty (of dumping) and some barangay captains are afraid to offend their constituents and the closest of their friends. Some received death threats even for a simple wrapper of candy," Dijan told The Filipino Connection in separate interviews.

"Others said they are barangay captains not garbage collectors and therefore it's not their job to collect."

Contrast Lipa City to Batangas City, which has been recognized by environmental groups such as EcoWaste Coalition as a local government model in solid waste management and recycling.

Lipa City continues to struggle in solid waste management. While there is an official hauler, not all of the city's 72 barangays were serviced by RC Bella Waste Management and Disposal Services (only 34 urban barangays are served).

Last December 2016 to January this year, the city had visible areas of uncollected garbage given the expiration of RC Bella's contract and the bidding for a new hauler.

A new hauler won the bid, but the city government was dissatisfied with its services so RC Bella was tapped again to haul the city's garbage. Daily collection is then sent to a sanitary landfill in Calamba City, Laguna.

The City's Environment and Natural Resources Office already developed a ten-year solid waste management plan. But the office laments residents' lack of discipline and cooperation, as well as challenges that barangay officials face in solid waste management, are major issues.

In 2016, the Commission on Audit (COA) warned city officials that they may be held liable if the city is not following the provisions of Republic Act 9003 or the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act. The Office of the Ombudsman, through the agency's environmental ombudsman, is currently preparing cases to local government officials found to have violated RA 9003.
This story can be published, broadcast and/or posted online provided The Filipino Connection and the article's author/s are properly acknowledged. Editorial mistakes are the publisher's. Email: thefilipino.connection@gmail.com.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Lipa City is province's second-biggest source of garbage, says provincial data

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
LIPA CITY-This city is already having a voluminous amount of solid wastes in previous years before the population here experienced un-hauled trash in the latter part of 2016. Data culled from the Provincial Solid Waste Management Plan showed that Lipa City was the second biggest generator of waste in the province at 160,000 kilos per day in 2014 to 2015.

# data[].attributes.body
click for more information

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Air pollution can cause both long- and short-term effects on human health, damage to property, and decrease atmospheric visibility. Air pollution can also have serious environmental effects, causing damage to the ozone layer, forests, and animal habitats.

Air pollution control technologies are used to minimise or eradicate these harmful pollutants' release into the atmosphere. Anguil's high-performance, efficient Air Pollution Control Technologies provide seamless integration for optimal value and performance. This article will discuss how to determine the appropriate air pollution control technology.

Usually, low flow, low concentration streams use catalytic recuperative oxidizers for optimal handling. If the concentration stream is in the range of 15-20% LEL, then either catalytic recuperative, thermal recuperative, or regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) technologies can be used. And for those process streams that sit between 20-25% LEL, thermal recuperative would likely be the method of choice but an RTO with hot gas bypass is possible.

Catalytic Recuperative Oxidizer (CATOX)

CATOXs offer air pollution control by destroying HAPs (Hazardous Air Pollutants), VOCs and odorous emissions at substantially lower temperatures than thermal oxidation technologies using a catalyst.

CATOX air pollution control technologies lower the oxidation temperature, creating benefits such as decreased fuel usage, reduced thermal cycling, lower cost of construction materials and decreased fuel usage.

Thermal Recuperative Oxidizer

Thermal recuperative oxidizers are types of air pollution control technologies which destroy HAPs, VOCs, and odorous emissions that have been discharged from a range of industrial processes via thermal oxidation and heat recovery.

Anguil's thermal recuperative oxidizer air pollution control technologies utilise flexible heat exchanger arrangements. The design is based on volume of airflow organic vapor concentrations and desired destruction efficiency.

Regenerative Thermal Oxidizers (RTOs)

RCO/RTO and Rotor Concentrator systems typically have higher capital costs on low flow applications. However, they promote cost savings for high volume, low concentration streams which adds to their appeal.

These air pollution control technologies are generally considered to be the most energy-efficient oxidizer as they use ceramic media to recover up to 97% of the available energy. Anguil's RTO has the capacity to capture and repurpose thermal energy produced during operation to minimise operating costs and the system's overall energy consumption.

RTO air pollution control technologies are fuel-free at very low VOC concentrations. There are multiple designs for faster installation and greater system flexibility - or the ideal RTO applications with large flow, low concentration process streams, and for a wide range of temperature and contaminant capability.

Making the Right Selection

The selection of the right pollution control technologies should be based on efficiency needs, destruction requirements, and process parameters. Oxidizer manufacturers often endorse the improper abatement technology as they do not manufacture the best technology themselves.

Anguil manufactures all the thermal and catalytic oxidation systems, meaning we can offer an unbiased equipment selection, tailored to individual applications. We evaluate each pollution control technology for every application, allowing us to help our customers make informed decisions to meet their needs. Contact us with your application.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How to Select the Right Air Pollution Control Technology

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Air pollution can cause both long- and short-term effects on human health, damage to property, and decrease atmospheric visibility. Air pollution can also have serious environmental effects, causing damage to the ozone layer, forests, and animal habitats. Air pollution control technologies are used to minimise or eradicate these harmful pollutants' release into the atmosphere.

# data[].attributes.body
click for more information

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Waste Advantage Magazine - Waste & Recycling Industry News

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Waste Advantage Magazine is the only source to focus solely on providing news and information about the waste & recycling industry.

# data[].attributes.body
click for more information

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Sustainable Lipa Project (SLP)

The Sustainable Cities Programme was implemented in the Philippines through the "Strengthening Local Environmental Planning and Management" (L-EPM) Project by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), and the League of Cities in the Philippines (LCP). The Project was established to strengthen the Local Government Units (LGUs) and enhance their capacities for participatory environmental planning and management at the local level, whilst enhancing the capability of national institutions like DENR and the -LCP- to support LGUs in EPM. Through the financial support from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and UN-HABITAT, the three year programme was implemented through a Project Management Coordinating Unit (PMCU) established in the DENR, in partnership with the LCP.

Lipa City was chosen as one of three demonstration cities of the Local-EPM Project, based on a selection process conducted by the Project Steering Committee (PSC), Inter-Agency Technical Working Group (IA-TWG) and the Project Management Coordinating Unit (PMCU). The project was launched in December 1998 after the Mayor signed the Memorandum of Agreement for the project implementation, committing to enhance the city government's capabilities by pioneering the integration of environmental planning and management within the city organizations. Whilst the Local-EPM project ended in the first quarter of 2002, a Cooperation Agreement between UN-HABITAT and The Asian Institute of Management was forged in January 2006, facilitating a second phase of support to document L-EPM experiences amongst the Lipa partners, and review opportunities to mainstream lessons learned in the Local Government Units (LGUs).

Lipa City Environmental Profile

Lipa's Environmental Profile (LEP) was produced in 1999 in both technical and popular forms, having extensively involved a wide range of stakeholders in data collection and analysis. The LEP provided baseline information to formulate sectoral plans such us the Urban Shelter Plan, and to formulate key development plans such as the Strategic Environmental Management Framework, the Environmental Action Plan, the Ten-year Strategic Solid Waste Management Plan, and the City Land Use Plan, which are in the process of formal approval.

Lipa City Consultation

The City Consultation was held in Tagaytay on November 17-19, 1999, when ninety-nine participants from various sectors participated, including heads of departments of the city government to review the LEP and prioritise the way forward, including a city "vision"; an event that was well covered by the local media.
A Consultation Organizing Team (COT) was mobilized to prepare for the consultation, who asked local resource persons to prepare proposition papers on the following priory environmental issues: land use conversion, servicing unplanned settlements, managing recreation and green space development, solid waste management, and water resource management. A paper on the institutional framework was also presented during a plenary session of the City Consultation, making various recommendations to work in a more cross-sectoral and participatory manner. Brainstorming and strategizing on each issue was done in small groups. A visioning exercise was done at the end where the participants committed themselves to support the project by signing an Environmental Manifesto. In addition, Issue Task Forces for each of the priotized issues were established as to facilitate the follow-up activities for strategy formulation and action planning.

Key Environmental Issues and Demonstration Projects

Priority Issues

Solid waste management

Water resource management

Managing recreation and green areas

Sustainable land use planning

Servicing unplanned settlements

Demonstration Projects

Community based solid waste management and clean technologies

Watershed conservation in one upland community

City greening

Brief Description of Demonstration Projects

Two demonstration projects were implemented by the Local-EPM project on urban community greening and community-based solid waste management. The first addressed urban blight; the second, pollution and sanitation (documentation available for uploading). In addition, a new demonstration project on Watershed Conservation in one upland community commenced implementation from 2007

* Community- based Solid Waste Management Project in Sitio San Nicolas

The community based solid waste management project called for a change in attitude among project participants, to change from indiscriminate garbage disposal to waste segregation, reduction and reuse at source. A variety of methods were employed to inform, sensitize and involve the different stakeholder groups. Awareness was raised through City to City exchanges, when visits were made to successful projects to get innovative ideas on how to introduce new or alternative approaches and technologies to reduce, reuse, recovering and recycling of solid waste.

* Community-greening project - "Barangay Environmental Rehabilitation and Development" (BERDE)

Since the improved management of recreation and green areas was identified as an important priority for the city, an issue specific working group was established after the City Consultation, which developed a strategy to better manage Lipa's green space through the community-based urban greening demo-project (BERDE), which aimed to mitigate the adverse effects of industrial development and urbanization. BERDE focused on three core components namely; 1) Information, education and mass media awareness raising, 2) capacity building, 3) plant nursery establishment and greening. The project implementation improved the barangay's coordination with local agencies like the City Agriculturist Office (CAO), as well as the community awareness on environmental concerns which broadened channels for effective participation.

* Watershed conservation in one upland community

In 2006, building on the lessons learned during L-EPM implementation, officials from the LGU, private and public sectors and AIM carried out consultations to discuss strategies and action plans to better manage Lipa's water resources and watersheds. This resulted in the development of a new initiative to address the threat of groundwater depletion and over- extraction. The Malarayat watershed was identified as priority site for the protection strategy, supported by reforestation demonstration projects in the priority barangays of Sto Nino, Malitlit and Talisay during 2007.

Results and Lessons Learned

Achievements

Increased the awareness of key stakeholders, project participants and the general public on environmental issues affecting the city. This awareness was translated in the demo-communities into practical "urban home gardens" sustained through the segregation of waste at the household level.

Created a group of EPM champions from the LGU and civil society organizations who are currently continuing the initiatives started by the L-EPM project outside the formal LGU structure and gradually institutionalising the process inside the LGU, focusing in particular on solid waste and water resources issues.

The L-EPM process has been institutionalized in the Water District, a quasi government corporation, which is now taking the lead together with the NGO Pusod,Inc. in addressing watershed resource issue.

Lessons learned during project implementation

Political leadership, commitment and support is critical and should be mobilized throughout. The establishment of a continuous feedback mechanism is essential to secure this support which is fundamental for institutionalization in the LGU.

Community mobilization is a very important component for implementing sustainable demonstration projects.

Trust and confidence among the key actors on project implementation should be seeded from the start for effective project implementation.

Capacity building in problem analysis, strategy formulation, project implementation, confidence building, conflict management and consensus building is very necessary, and must be timely and practitioner-oriented.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Sustainable Cities Programme was implemented in the Philippines through the "Strengthening Local Environmental Planning and Management" (L-EPM) Project by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), and the League of Cities in the Philippines (LCP).

# data[].attributes.body
CityFacts. (n.d.). Lipa City - Population. Retrieved November 17, 2021, from https://www.city-facts.com/lipa-city.

De La Salle Lipa. (n.d.). About Lipa - De La Salle Lipa. dlsl.edu.ph. Retrieved November 17, 2021, from https://www.dlsl.edu.ph/about_dlsl/about-lipa/.

DestiMap.com. (n.d.). The Best Attractions in Lipa City. DestiMap. Retrieved November 17, 2021, from https://www.destimap.com/index.php?act=place&p=Lipa-City%2C-Philippines.

Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. (n.d.). Lipa. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved November 17, 2021, from https://www.britannica.com/place/Lipa.

GOVPH. (n.d.). Cities and Municipalities Competitiveness index. CMCI. Retrieved November 17, 2021, from https://cmci.dti.gov.ph/.

Municipality of Lipa. (n.d.). Lipa City - Official Website. Retrieved November 17, 2021, from https://cityoflipa.ph/#!/OurGovernment.

Philippine Statistics Authority. (n.d.). Philippine Standard Geographic Code: City of Lipa. Retrieved November 17, 2021, from https://psa.gov.ph/classification/psgc/?q=psgc%2Fbarangays%2F041014000®code=04&provcode=10.

The Filipino Connection. (2018, June 28). Landfill in Lipa not a lasting solution, says environmentalist. Retrieved November 17, 2021, from https://thefilipinoconnection.net/landfill-in-lipa-not-a-lasting-solution-says-environmentalist/#:~:text=LIPA%20CITY%E2%80%93Batangas%20province's%20most,garbage%20continues%20to%20pile%20up.

# data[].attributes.body
Urban District

Poblacion Barangay 1

Poblacion Barangay 2

Poblacion Barangay 3

Poblacion Barangay 4

Poblacion Barangay 5

Poblacion Barangay 6

Poblacion Barangay 7

Poblacion Barangay 8

Poblacion Barangay 9

Poblacion Barangay 9-A

Poblacion Barangay 10

Poblacion Barangay 11

Poblacion Barangay 12

# data[].attributes.body
East District

Antipolo Del Norte

Antipolo Del Sur

Latag

Malitlit

Muntingpulo

Pinagkawitan

Sabang

San Benito

San Celestino

San Francisco

San Isidro (formerly Sapac)

San Jose

Santo Niño

Santo Toribio

Tangob

Tipacan

West District

Bagong Pook

Banaybanay

Bulaklakan

Duhatan

Fernando Air Base

Halang

Mataas Na Lupa

Pangao

Pinagtongulan

San Carlos

San Salvador

Sico

Tambo

Tangway

Tibig

# data[].attributes.headline
Region IV-A in the Luzon islands of the Philippines

# data[].attributes.subject
Region IV-A in the Luzon islands of the Philippines

# data[].attributes.body
Lipa is located at a height of 1,025 feet (312 m) above sea level and encompasses an area of 20,940 hectares (209.4 km^2). Lipa's fishing area is situated in barangay Halang on the city's west end; it is really a piece of Taal Lake, which is shared with neighboring towns (Cuenca, Mataasnakahoy and Balete).

Coordinates: 13° 56' North, 121° 10' East (13.9414, 121.1642)

# data[].attributes.body
click for more information

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Goal 12 | Department of Economic and Social Affairs

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns

# data[].attributes.body
click for more information

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Goal 13 | Department of Economic and Social Affairs

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts

# data[].attributes.body
North District

Balintawak

Bugtong na Pulo

Bulacnin

Dagatan

Inosluban

Lumbang

Marawoy

Plaridel

Pusil

San Lucas

Talisay

South District

Adya

Anilao

Anilao-Labac

Bolbok

Calamias

Cumba

Kayumanggi

Lodlod

Mabini

Malagonlong

Pagolingin Bata

Pagolingin East

Pagolingin West

Quezon

Rizal

Sampaguita

San Guillermo

San Sebastian (Balagbag)

# data[].attributes.body
The Old Grove Farmstead is located in Brgy. Lodlod, Lipa City, and has gained popularity among Batangueos and visitors. The five-hectare site is styled as a Western farmland, complete with a large red barn, pond, and windmill. The landscapes are comparable to those seen in the Netherlands, which is why it became a favorite location for photoshoots. Apart from photoshoots, there are spots inside the farmhouse to eat and relax, such as The Old Grove's Harvest Café, their pool, or out in the open with the farm's animals that can be interacted with.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Figure 3.3 St. Therese of the Child Jesus

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
St. Therese of the Child Jesus and of the Holy Face Parish

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Figure 3.1 Parish of Mary, Mediatrix of All Grace

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Figure 3.2 Our Lady of Mt. Carmel Church

# data[].attributes.body
WHAT ARE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS?

The United Nations established the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), also known as the Global Goals, in 2015 as a global statement of intent to eradicate poverty, safeguard the environment, and guarantee that all people experience peace and prosperity by 2030.

The 17 SDGs are interconnected; they understand that actions taken in one area have an effect on results in other areas and that development must strike a balance between social, economic, and environmental sustainability.

Countries have pledged to prioritize development for the most disadvantaged citizens. The Sustainable Development Goals are intended to eradicate poverty, hunger, AIDS, and discrimination against women and girls.

To fulfill the SDGs in all contexts, all sectors of society must contribute their creativity, know-how, technology, and financial resources.

# data[].attributes.body
The city inhibits a population of 396,223 as of 2021. Lipa City had a population of 54,862 in 1950. Lipa City has expanded by 10,977 residents from 2015, a rate of 2.85 percent each year. These population estimates and predictions are based on the most recent UN World Urbanization Prospects revision. These figures indicate Lipa City's urban agglomeration, which generally include the city's population as well as nearby suburban regions.

About 50.2% (198,904) of Lipa’s population are Male residents and about 49.8% (197,319) are Female.

# data[].attributes.body
The Farm at San Benito is a luxurious eco-friendly holistic medical and wellness resort in Lipa, Batangas. It is situated on a 48-hectare lush green jungle with a breathtaking view of the beautiful mountains, pure air, and a clean and uplifting life-giving energy that radiates throughout the property. The Farm has received over 80 outstanding international accolades, including "Best Medical Wellness Resort in the World" from SENSES Germany, and has established itself as one of the region's premier medical wellness destinations.

# data[].attributes.body
The Casa de Segunda, also referred as the Luz–Katigbak House, is a heritage house museum in Lipa City, Batangas. It is situated along Rizal Street. It was constructed in the 1860s and was originally owned by Don Manuel Mitra de San Miguel-Luz and Dona Segunda Solis Katigbak, who is known to Dr. José Rizal's first love. Paz Luz-Dimayuga restored the home in 1956 and the house was later designated a national historic landmark by the National Historic Institute. Currently, the home serves as a museum.

# data[].attributes.body
Lipa was previously the headquarters of the Spanish military, it was a market town for a fruit-growing area. Lipa was restored (including its cathedral) after a devastating volcanic eruption in 1754 and again during Japan's occupation of the city during World War II. Clothing manufacturing and some agricultural processing are among the industries that initially surfaced among residing citizens. Lipa is connected to the rest of the island of the Philippines through trains and roads. It is currently home to a military airbase and a citrus experimental station.

Additionally, Lipa used to be recognized as the world's coffee center after a Franciscan friar introduced coffee to the Philippines in the year 1730 and planted a coffee tree in Lipa. However, nowadays Lipa is referred to as the "Little Rome of the Philippines" due to its abundance in Catholic churches, convents, seminaries, Catholic schools, and retreat homes.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Figure 3 Lipa City Past Marketplace and Road

# data[].attributes.body
Lipa city is one of the fastest growing cities in the nation, rapidly developing into a major administrative, medical, commercial, financial, agricultural, and residential hub. The Department of Science and Technology-Information and Communications Technology Office (DOST-ICTO) and the Information Technology Business Process Association of the Philippines (IBPAP) have identified Lipa City as a "next wave city" for the Business Processing Outsourcing industry.