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Video of me speaking (If that's what you like)

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Video of me speaking (If that's what you like)

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https://drive.google.com/a/lisle202.org/file/d/0BzAclqijfxWoczg1Q29QT0ZpNDQ/view?usp=sharing

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On the left is an example of a food chain. A food chain is on way we can see how energy flows, but not in depth like the pyramid you will see below.

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Trophic levels are what make up the ecological pyramid. On the very bottom are producers, then primary consumers. An example of these two would be any plant and a caterpillar. Caterpillar's eat leaves of plants making them primary consumers. The next level is secondary consumers, to go with our example, birds eat caterpillars. The top level, are the tertiary consumers, and an example of tertiary consumers could be any organisms that eat birds. Some organisms can fall under multiple trophic levels such as humans.

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How does energy move through living organisms in an ecosystem?

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To answer that question, we will be looking at the Savanna ecosystem. But before that, we have to look into some key concepts and vocabulary.

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Consumers in an ecosystem eat other organisms to obtain their food. Consumers eat producers, decomposers, and even other consumers. Example of consumers in an savanna include elephants, cheetahs, and zebras.

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Decomposers get their source of food from other dead organisms. When an organism dies, they come in and eat whatever is left. Examples of decomposers in a savanna ecosystem include, hyenas, vultures, and even microscopic organisms such as bacteria.

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Producers in an ecosystem are organisms which make food from photosynthesis and chemosynthesis. They don't need any other organisms to survive since they make their own food. In the savannah, some examples of these include the Umbrella Thorn Acacia, the Abal, and the River Bishwillow.

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Examples of producers, decomposers, and consumers in the savanna

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Examples of producers, decomposers, and consumers in the savanna

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Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that can later be released to fuel the organisms' activities (energy transformation). Google definitions aside, photosynthesis is a major factor in an ecosystem. Climates that lack sunshine, tend to lack organisms as well, such as the North or South poles. This is because many producers that consumers eat, require sunlight to produce food, and when there is a lack of sunlight, there is a lack of producers due to the lack of food.

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Probably the most known trees in the savanna, are the Umbrella Thorn Acacias. They are known for their long branches and leafy tops. They are an example of producers in the Savanna.

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An example of decomposers in a savanna are Vultures. These birds fly around looking for dead organisms to feast on,. There are many more kinds of decomposers.

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Many known animals are consumers, even humans are. One well-known consumer in the savanna is the cheetah.

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Now knowing more about what makes up an ecosystem, we can talk about how energy is transferred through an ecosystem

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Here's a video showing how energy flows through an ecosystem.

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Our first source of energy is from the Sun, this energy is then transferred to producers. The amount of sunlight can determine how much biomass and calories are created and is also tied to how much organisms live there as pictured on the right. Ecosystems closest to the equator produce the most calories and biomass when compared to different ecosystems.

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Different Levels of Primary Productivity

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Different Levels of Primary Productivity

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Below are how much different ecosystems produce biomass.

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Here is an example of how energy is spread through an ecosystem. The producers, which in this example is grass. Use photosynthesis to create energy. So let's say the grass produces 100,000 kilocalories, it has to also think about its self too, so it's gonna use some of those calories for cellular respiration. This then leads to the primary consumer eating only about 10% of the original 100,000 calories. So as you can see, the amount of calories that are passed gets lower and lower because consumers can not produce their own energy. Some of the energy also gets eaten by decomposers. Once any of the consumers pass away.

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Adding on to what I said on the right, the amount of energy produced is called the GPP (Gross Primary Products). The amount of energy that actually gets passed on is called the NPP (Net Primary Productivity). To get the NPP you take the GPP and subtract it by how much energy was used in respiration.

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Energy can also be lost through egested waste (basically poop) and through heat. Egested waste is what the organisms don't need, since energy can't be destroyed, the energy that the organism doesn't need, goes out through egested waste. Another way energy is loss is through heat. Heat will cause the animal to sweat and require it to use energy to stay cool, the same can be said for keeping warm.