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Time and Space

1. How does Chronicle offer insight into Columbian culture? Consider what we've learned about with machismo, marianismo, honor and the impact of colonialism.

Chronicle offers insight into Columbian culture by showcasing how a society behaves, to an extent, with the implementations of machismo, honor, and colonialism. Men are often seen with higher regard, and a woman's virginity is seen to outweigh any other feature of their person. The importance of honor is seen especially in familial structure, where one individual's poise represents the family's. As for colonialism, the effects of this can be seen in how the Arabs are viewed as different from the masses.

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Group IOs Extracts

Final IO Extracts

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Directions and Resources:

Ideas:

Texts:

Reflections:

Questions:

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Readers, Writers, and Texts

1. How does the structure or style of a literary text affect meaning? Consider how Morrison's stream-of-consciousness, shifting points of view, and use of analepsis and prolepsis impact the meaning of the novel.

The structure or style of text reflects the inner thoughts and intentions of the character. For example, when Morrison writes in the perspective of Sethe's stream of consciousness, readers are able to see how obsessive her behavior becomes. Further, when Morrison shifts from character to character, the audience is given insight on how experiences affect others in different ways. During the shifts of the four horsemen, the audience could view how some of the four viewed the slaves as profit whereas others saw them as guinea pigs almost--adding onto the depiction of how slavery is dehumanization. With the use of analepsis and prolepsis, the audience knows that the past and the present are directly related in the sense that the characters are still being affected by the past in their current present.

Time and Space

1. How important is cultural or historical context to the production and reception of a literary text? Consider the story of Margaret Garner, the Fugitive Slave Act, and other historical and cultural phenomena and how that has impacted the creation and reception of Beloved.

Without the historical context of a literary text, the general theme of the text has the likely possibility of being misinterpreted. In Beloved, without the context of Margaret Garner, the audience may be confused on how or why Morrison chose to write Sethe's actions and thoughts. Moreover, without the details of slavery in a historical sense, the escaping allusions through the book would not help the reader realize the importance of scenes such as the capturing of Sethe and her children.

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Readers, Writers, Texts
1. Why and how do we study literature? Why do we study TTTC?

We study literature through different genres of work (poetry, playwrights, novels, etc.) from different time periods and backgrounds. We do this because it is essential towards developing a better understanding with the world around us, and how the human race shares a common thought despite a variety of upbringings. TTTC helps us study the thoughts of soldiers who are forced into war, rather than those who join willingly. Their inner conflicts and humanity are tested, and this is seen through the eyes of an actual war veteran instead of societal expectations of a soldier.

2. How are we affected by literary texts in various ways? How are we impacted by TTTC?
Literary texts allows readers to understand that there are multiple layers to every situation--whether it be cultural background, government, or society. Through TTTC, readers are given the opportunity to view soldiers and war in a different light, and are able to understand the emotional value behind story-telling.

3. In what ways is meaning constructed, negotiated, expressed and interpreted in TTTC?
TTTC establishes the sense of truth throughout the entire novel, but also gives hints that there is a possibility that every story is fiction. This allows readers to take in the emotional layers to each story rather than the face value of entertainment. TTTC explores the loss of innocence, societal expectations of a soldier, the truth of courage and morale, trauma of war, and brotherhood.

4. How does the structure of style of TTTC affect its meaning?
The style of TTTC gives readers a sense of security and an itch to know whether or not the stories are true. O'Brien's straightforwardness almost confuses the readers, but also provides insight on the importance of trust and emotions. He gives readers the room to form their own opinions on war, the soldiers, and the actual stories he writes, outside of the usual standard.

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1. Readers, Writers, Texts

1. Why and how do we study literature?

2. How are we affected by literary texts in various ways?

3. In what ways is meaning constructed, negotiated, expressed and interpreted?

4. How does language use vary among literary forms?

5. How does the structure or style of a literary text affect meaning?

6. How do literary texts offer insights and challenges?

2. Time and Space

1. How important is cultural or historical context to the production and reception of a literary text?

2. How do we approach literary texts from different times and cultures to our own?

3. To what extent do literary texts offer insight into another culture?

4. How does the meaning and impact of a literary text change over time?

5. How do literary texts reflect, represent or form a part of cultural practices?

6. How does language represent social distinctions and identities?

3. Intertextuality

1. How do literary texts adhere to and deviate from conventions associated with literary forms?

2. How do conventions and systems of reference evolve over time?

3. In what ways can diverse literary texts share points of similarity?

4. How valid is the notion of a “classic” literary text?

5. How can literary texts offer multiple perspectives of a single issue, topic or theme?

6. In what ways can comparison and interpretation be transformative?

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Attach some 40 line extracts you have analyzed and may want to use for your IO.

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1. Culture, Identity, and Community

1. family, class, race, ethnicity, nationality, religion, gender and sexuality, and the way these impact on individuals and societies. migration, colonialism and nationalism.

2. Beliefs, Values and Education

1.  beliefs and values nurtured in particular societies and the ways they shape individuals, communities and educational systems. They might also explore the tensions that arise when there are conflicts of beliefs and values, and ethics.

3. Politics, Power, and Justice

1.  explore aspects of rights and responsibilities, the workings and structures of governments and institutions. They might also investigate hierarchies of power, the distribution of wealth and resources, the limits of justice and the law, equality and inequality, human rights, and peace and conflict

4. Art, Creativity, and the Imagination

1.  explore aspects of aesthetic inspiration, creation, craft, and beauty. They might also focus on the shaping and challenging of perceptions through art, and the function, value and effects of art in society.

5. Science, technology and the environment

1.  explore the relationship between humans and the environment and the implications of technology and media for society. They might also consider the idea of scientific development and progress.

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What were some global issues you explored in Beloved? Consider memory, trauma, importance of community, etc. The more detailed you are, the more useful this will be for your IO.

- Without communal support, the affects of traumatizing events have the ability to control one's present life.
- The disregarding of traumatizing memories leads to a life of despair that root from those said memories.

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Brainstorm some global issues developed from TTTC.

- The importance of brotherhood during hardships
- The act of maturing or losing innocence
- The variety of ways in which people cope with trauma
- Societal views and how that impacts men
- The morality behind war
- Government VS personal ethics

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Reflection
How did you do during the Harkness discussions?
- In terms of analysis and evidence, I believe I did well--although, I want to provide more evidence that ties back to the multiple layers of my global issue
Notes
Ideas discussed I want to remember:
- the emphasis on eyes & innocence
- societal pressures for men
- focusing on the emotional truths of story-telling

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How does TTTC connect to other works we've read?

How does TTTC connect to our world today?

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How does Beloved connect to other works we've read? Be detailed in how it connects with global issues and thematic and stylistic ideas to other works.

With both Langston Hughes and TTTC, one motif that is noticeably shared with Beloved is the idea of a true identity. In Beloved, most of the characters struggle with finding their identity because they are stuck on focusing while simultaneously ignoring their pasts with the dehumanization of slavery. In TTTC, each soldier holds an inner conflict, but one chapter that truly sticks out is during On the Rainy River, when O'Brien is conflicting about whether to satisfy his own morals or to give into societal norms. Hughes, in Theme for English B, fixates on the differences between Black and white students in America due to their racially segregated pasts.

Stylistically, TTTC and Beloved both tend to not be in chronological order. Both Morrison and O'Brien utilize analepsis and prolepsis to further the characterization of their traumatized characters, and how this affects their everyday lives.

How does Beloved connect to our world today?
One theme Beloved truly touched was the importance of re-memory and moving on as a community. Throughout history, the world tends to brush off a specific part without remorse in fear of ruining the present. However, without talking about these taboo subjects, the world cannot move past their mistakes, just how Sethe could not move on from her actions until she realized the weight of them.

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Summer Assignment (Link Here)
Reflection:
- indulge in the novel a bit more rather than the comparison
- elaborate on how the analysis ties back to the theme

https://padlet.com/raelinangulo/8hd5n647peoio1k4
Vietnam Slides (Link Here)
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1Qps22vdYnZuibRKJ5_9iOU9TS1HPqCTZ0P7m9pMmOmM/edit?usp=sharing
"On the Rainy River" Analysis Paragraph (Link Here)
https://docs.google.com/document/d/13OuA2qMDz1-YGkkWKVyiQ_LQJQuM2hybyPIhVX9Ewek/edit?usp=sharing

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Denver or Paul D One-Pager

IO Outline Form

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Why do humans read and write stories? Why do you read and write stories?  Write about a paragraph.

Humans read and write stories to provide a blueprint for the future, and to establish a sense of understanding between the readers and the author's experience. Because humans are in this world for only a certain amount of time, it is almost impossible to become all-knowing, so we are left to discover what we can. Literature is an easy outlet for this, and provides thousands of different stories from all different backgrounds. I read and write in order to expand my knowledge on the outside world. Growing up in a fairly small town, it is important for me to see people in different perspectives. Not only does reading and writing provide a source of knowledge, but it betters my empathy for others and my understanding.

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Linda Krumholz claims (in "The Ghosts of Slavery: Historical Recovery in Toni Morrison’s Beloved") that finding a voice for the thoughts and experiences of women is central to the "healing," historical recovery theme and structure of the book. According to Krumholz, Morrison’s novel "adapts techniques from modernist novels, such as the fragmentation of the plot and shifting narrative voice, to compel the reader to actively construct an interpretive framework" (109). How does the novel specifically address issues of gender, writing and power? How does the structure and style of the novel give voice to "the thoughts of the women of 124, unspeakable thoughts, unspoken" (Beloved 199)?

In Beloved, there seemed to be strong distinctions between the men and women of the community. For example, Paul D had experienced slavery in a complete difference from Sethe, and yet they still found comfort in resonating with each other. Further, it seems that the women in Beloved had a strong sense of control with the idea of healing because some of the men were focused on healing individually. However, the power of women can be seen strongly at the end of the novel when Denver was essentially the savior of her mother as well as the community as a whole. Another instance is Baby Suggs, and how she was characterized into an almost "Godly" or religious being for her community.
The building of motherhood, and the sacrifices made throughout Beloved were reoccurring, and represented how women tended to cause a swing of balance within the community.

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Time and Space
Choose 3 out of these 6 questions to answer and reflect on how it relates to our reading and understanding of Hughes' work.
1. How important is cultural or historical context to the production and reception of a literary text?

The cultural and historical context surrounding the production and reception of a literary text is significantly important knowledge because it often hints as to why the author chooses to write about a certain topic or theme.

2. How do we approach literary texts from different times and cultures to our own?
In order to understand the context behind literary texts that are different from our own, we must do extensive research on the background of the author. We should put ourselves in the shoes of their past and their upbringing.

3. To what extent do literary texts offer insight into another culture?
Literary texts can give insight on one individual's experiences, but they do not speak for everyone from the same background. To gain better insight, it is more beneficial to read more stories and pieces from another author who has the same culture or background.

4. How does the meaning and impact of a literary text change over time?
Since the world is forever changing, we must take some pieces with a grain of salt. Some pieces are outdated and are written from a view that no longer is excepted in modern society. However, this can be seen as the complete opposite. Some literary pieces may be from years ago, but still apply to today's society. Hence, why the impact is even greater--it provides incentive to further change or upkeep certain views.

5. How do literary texts reflect, represent or form a part of cultural practices?
Literary authors are write with a purpose they are passionate about. Backgrounds and cultural experiences have a large impact on people and how they see the world. Thus, proving influential to authors as well--which can be seen in their work.

6. How does language represent social distinctions and identities?
Details in language can affect the writing as a whole. For example, addressing someone who is older or wiser with a respectful vocative, one demonstrates acknowledgement on the difference between the two.

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Attach your 40 line extract you used for you Mock IO as well as any other 40 line extracts you might want to use for your real IO in the future.

Possible other extracts:
- Theme for English B
- Bitter River
- Freedom's Plow

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What were some global issues you explored in Hughes' poetry?
- The generational trauma that is passed down through racial prejudice leaves a large impact on the identities of oppressed communities.
- Resistance is inevitable when communities are oppressed for generations.
- A corrupt government leads to a cruel population.

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Reflection
How did you do during the Harkness discussions? What feedback did you receive?
- I was not as organized with my thoughts as I wanted to be
- Make sure to not be as repetitive with my analysis

Notes
Ideas discussed in Harkness I want to remember:
- Take a second to breathe before starting the discussion
- Theme for English B "Hill above Harlem" analysis

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What connections can you make between some of Hughes' poems?
Some connections that stood out to me were his continual motif of rivers and water. Hughes utilizes water as a symbol of darkness and hardships that the Black community has faced. Further, Hughes seems to often emphasize the power of unity and how this can be used to free Black people from oppression and suffering.

How does Hughes' poems connect to other works we've read?
In terms of TTTC, one thing I noticed that was similar with Hughes' poetry was the amount of identity truths that are found in their works. TTTC focuses on the true identities of soldiers while Hughes focuses on the Black community.

How does Hughes' poetry connect to our world today?
Many pieces from Hughes can be tied to issues such as police brutality, division between races, and the generational effects of oppression.

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Hughes Writing Portfolio Week 1

Hughes Writing Portfolio Week 2

Hughes Pastiche

IO Outline Form

Hughes' Written Assignment

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What insights did the poetry of Langston Hughes offer about the African-American community in Harlem?
Hughes made it known about the identity struggles that the Black community faced in Harlem. Although many Black artists thrived in Harlem, as it was seen as the Black cultural mecca, there was still a large following of people who found it hard to celebrate their freedoms when they were obviously separated from the rest of society. However, this did not stop Hughes from building on how Harlem was a strong root for Black people to feel comfortable in, and not have to put on a mask.

How does art reflect the community from which it comes?
Because art is created from passion and emotions, it is obvious that communities that experience pain will have a lot of beautiful pieces surrounding their personal pain. For Black artists, they are able to express their experiences and trauma in a captivating way that allows for others to truly feel what they feel.

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What were some global issues you explored in Chronicle? Consider honor, morality, perspective, fate, gender norms etc. The more detailed you are, the more useful this will be for your IO.

- How honor and pride perpetuates violence
- How societal norms affect communal support
- The art of storytelling in the face of trauma

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Intro to CoADF Discussion Notes (Four Corners Discussion)

Chapter Discussion Notes

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How does Chronicle connect to other works we've read? Be detailed in how it connects with global issues and thematic and stylistic ideas to other works.
- The idea of pride and honor perpetuating violence connects to Sethe in Beloved.
- The affect of hierarchal beliefs on an individual and/or relationships (Beloved, Hughes)
- Art of storytelling in the face of trauma (Beloved and TTTC)

How does Chronicle connect to our world today?
- Chronicle connects to the world today because these patriarchal beliefs can still be found today. This is especially prevalent in the violence against women, which is often televised as a foreign problem, but there are still these issues in the US as well.

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Group IO PPT

Best Quick Write

Artistic One-Pager

Final/Revised IO

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Readers, Writers, Texts
How are we affected by Delbo's memoir and her imperative for us to "Try to look. Try to see"? How were you affected by Auschwitz and After?

Delbo's calls for the audience to "Try to look. Try to see" reminds us to continue to fight against what we believe is injustice and ethically wrong, rather than remaining as a bystander to atrocities that surround us. Auschwitz and After's powerful writing affected me because I was truly able to feel the desperation and anguish that Delbo attempted to convey. The "lost" ambience in the memoir reminds me of how much privilege I have myself.

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Annotated Extracts (see book and printed kami extracts)

Final IO Extracts

Other extracts (brainstorming)

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What were some global issues you explored in Auschwitz and After? Consider the Hexagonal Harkness we had and some of the global issues you came up with during that discussion.

- The effect of oppression on identity
- How hierarchal structures perpetuate violence
- How the meaning of freedom is dependent on environment
- How oppression/traumatic environment affects the development of relationships

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Attach any of your Harkness notes here.
- Days and Memories
- Olere organizer
- Thirst

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How does Auschwitz connect to other works we've read? Be detailed in how it connects with global issues and thematic and stylistic ideas to other works.

- The notion about hierarchal structures can be seen in Beloved with the "four horsemen" and also the infanticide.
- Hughes connects to Auschwitz as many of his poems address the meaning of freedom (Hope for Harlem, Demonstration, etc.)
- TTTC connects to Auschwitz with the idea of a traumatic environment affecting both an individual and group setting. (Sweetheart, Rainy River, Man I Killed)
- Relationships are a prominent aspect of Auschwitz. This is also of importance in all other previous works (Beloved with Sethe and her family, TTTC with the soldiers and their past lives as well as each other, Hughes and his themes of unity and mobilization)

How does Auschwitz connect to our world today?
Auschwitz connects to our world today because it reminds us that these atrocities are not fake--they are possible and they have been done. It is in our responsibility in the modern world to ensue that it does not happen again.

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- Thirst recording

- Final Delbo IO

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- Journal link

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Intertextuality
How valid is the notion of a "classic" literary text? What makes Persepolis "literary" even though it is a graphic novel?

- In my view, when people think of "classic" literary text, the mind shifts to immediately thinking of European and/or western literature. Very rarely do people think of authors other than Jane Austen or Oscar Wilde, etc. While not to discredit these classics, because they are indeed classic, I would want classics to be more inclusive of more diverse groups. The point of a novel being deemed as a literary "classic" is for it to encompass an aspect (or a multitude) of life that can be applied universally. Persepolis is a literary classic despite being a graphic novel because of its versatile nature. Every audience can determine something new and different from the novel. It has the ability to influence and demonstrate the human experience.

Time and Space
What insight did Persepolis give you into Iranian life during and after the revolution?

Persepolis exposed me to the reality that despite a revolution happening, or happened, life still moves on. This can mostly be seen in school and parties. Iranians, while enduring these political ruptures, were still finding ways to express themselves and live life to the fullest--even if it was illegal.

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- Page 120
- Page 146
- Page 308
- The Key
- The Letter

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What were some global issues you explored in Persepolis? Consider the Harkness discussion and other ideas that came up during class discussion.

- How art is a product of rebellion
- The influence of age on political perspectives
- How oppression affects the development of relationships

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Harkness Notes
Final Harkness

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How does Persepolis connect to other works we've read? Be detailed in how it connects with global issues and thematic and stylistic ideas to other works.

- TTTC: Persepolis and TTTC both outline the realities of war, and how the stereotypical view of life in war or revolutions are completely different from those who have experienced this. Persepolis and TTTC both do this in vignette-styles and are both memoirs, so the motif of truth and ambiguity is prevalent.
- Beloved: Persepolis and Beloved both create this emphasis on communal support and lasting bonds. They both emulate this notion that family is important to the survival and growth from the past. This can be seen in Morrison's use of the symbolism of each character, and Satrapi's emphasis on group setting and her influences.

How does Persepolis connect to our world today?
- Persepolis showcases the importance of remaining true to oneself amidst all other factors in life. If society does not fit the beliefs of our own, it's okay to be outspoken and rebel against this. It also opens our world up to the significance of mobilization, and how support from others and our influences determines the success of our nature.