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·       To be, or not to be, that is the question.

·       All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players.

·       Brevity was the soul of wit.

·       A good heart's worth gold.

·       If music be the food of love, play on.

·       God has given you one face, and you make yourself another.

·       A fool thinks himself to be wise, but a wise man knows himself to be a fool.

·       It is not in the stars to hold our destiny but in ourselves.

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The monument to Shakespeare in Stratford

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The monument to Shakespeare in Stratford

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On April 23, 1616, English poet and playwright William Shakespeare died in his hometown of Stratford-upon-Avon at the age of fifty-two. His death occurred on or near his birthday (the exact date of his birth remains unknown), which may have been the source of a later legend that he fell ill and died after a night of heavy drinking with two other writers, Ben Jonson and Michael Drayton.
However, within a few years of his death, Shakespeare’s friends and admirers began to lay the groundwork for his literary immortality. In 1623 John Heminge and Henry Condell assembled his plays into a single large-format edition. We know this edition as the First Folio, one of the most famous texts in English literature. Anticipating that the world would eventually recognize Shakespeare’s genius, Ben Jonson—an important literary figure in his own right—proclaimed in the folio’s preface that his friend was a writer “not of an age, but for all time!”
The four centuries since Shakespeare’s death have confirmed Jonson’s assessment. The "Bard of Avon" holds a place in history as one of the greatest writers to have lived, and his work is performed, read, and taught across the world. Shakespeare’s legacy has also evolved to keep up with changing times; for example, in the 20th and 21st centuries his plays have been adapted into hundreds of feature films.

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The first period (1590s) is called optimistic, because at this time he writes a lot of comedies, which are characterized by a joyful perception of the world, faith in happiness, love and human decency. Here we should mention such works as "a Midsummer night's Dream", "the taming of the shrew", "Much Ado about Nothing". Many of Shakespeare's comedies have been filmed. The characters of comedies are lively, multifaceted, freedom-loving and simply beautiful. Women's images are in no way inferior to men's, and in some comedies are registered much more interesting.

The second period is called "tragic". It dates from 1601-1607., a characteristic feature is that the author in this period of time writes mainly tragedy. It was these difficult years that brought him world fame and fame, because here-such brilliant creations as "Romeo and Juliet", " Othello"," Hamlet"," King Lear", etc., which were filmed in many countries. Shakespeare's tragedies are the depth of philosophical perception of the world, internal contradictions tearing the soul of the hero. Here Shakespeare-master was able to skillfully show the suffering of a smart, purposeful person who is unable to live in conflict with the world.

The third period is called 1608-1612, which reveal Shakespeare as a romantic philosopher, so it is no accident that some researchers call his work both romantic and philosophical. The brightest sample – "Winter fairy tale", which is perceived by researchers of creativity as disappointment with reality and leaving in the fantastic world of fairy tales in which everything is different, not as in life.

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Those days theatre was a very popular and not expensive form of entertainment in the country. People watched all kinds of plays which travelling theatre groups performed in the streets and squares. Sometimes these groups visited Stratford-on-Avon. William liked to watch them playing. He got fond of their profession and he decided to become an actor.

We do not really know what William did during the following years but in 1592 he left Stratford for London. A lot of people believe that he was thrilled by the idea of becoming an actor. In 1594 Shakespeare joined the best acting company of the country—Lord Chamberlain's Men. It had the best actors and the best writers.
In 1599 a theatre was built on the south bank of the River Thames. It was named the Globe. This was the theatre where Shakespeare's company performed. During that time Shakespeare wrote most of his plays and became a successful playwright.  In his works he reflected events of his contemporaries' life.
His plays were staged in many theatres, translated into many foreign languages. That made Shakespeare a very popular man.

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In 1582 Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway, who was the daughter of the local landowner. At that time Shakespeare was 18 years old and Anne was 8 years older than him. In 1583 Anne gave birth to their daughter Susanna. In 1585 the couple had twins – son Hamnet and daughter Judith.
Unfortunately, Hamnet, the only son of William Shakespeare, died at the age of 11.

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William Shakespeare is the world's greatest English poet, playwright and actor. He was born in 1564 in the English town of Stratford-upon-Avon. His father, John Shakespeare, was a successful glove maker. His mother came from a family that owned land near Stratford. William was the third child in the family. His parents had eight children in total.

Like other boys of middle-class families, William attended a grammar school in Stratford where he got a good education and also learned Latin. Studying at school the boy actually did not have any free time. However, he spent his rare spare hours walking in the forest or watching the river Avon. When the boy left school at the age of about 14, he had to work in the family business. William Shakespeare did not go to university and never received a university education.